Facebook (脸谱网) friends cannot replace the real thing, say psychologists(心理学家).Pe
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Facebook (脸谱网) friends cannot replace the real thing, say psychologists(心理学家).
People are happier and laugh 50% more when they talk face to face with friends or via webcam (web camera) than when they use social networking sites, a study has found.
Dr. Roberts, a famous lecture at the University of Chester, said such websites don"t appear to help make true friendships. Based on two questionnaires(调查表), he found there was no link between Facebook use and people with larger groups of friends.
Dr. Roberts, whose work will be presented at the British Psychological Society conference in Harrogate, said, "The bottom lime conclusion is that our relationships are not dependent on the quantity of communication. They depend on quality, and even Skype(一种网络即时语音沟通工具) is better at increasing the quality of our communication than time on Facebook." Even talking on the phone or texting does not make people feel as good as sharing a smile, the research says. The studies suggest quality, not quantity, of communication is the most important for keeping friends for life.
People find the most satisfying relationships come from a small number of close friends, with an outer "ring" of 10 significant others. With these people, it doesn"t matter what type of social media you use for communication. But people who want to "contact the world at large" using Facebook can be disappointed because they spread themselves too thinly, claim researchers.
In a third study, Dr. Roberts asked people to communicate with friends face to face or via Skype and keep a 14-day diary. This was compared with communicating via phone, text messages or social networking sites. People communicating face to face on Skype were 50% more likely to laugh, and they rated themselves as significantly happier.
小题1: Dr. Roberts"s finding that there was no connection between Facebook use and people with many friends was .| A．based on questionnaires | B．based on conversations | | C．through instant messages | D．through social media |
小题2: What is the idea of the fourth paragraph?| A．Most people contact each other online. | | B．Keeping a friend for life is not easy. | | C．The quality of communication is important. | | D．Skype is better at understanding us than Facebook. |
小题3: What does the underlined sentence in the fifth paragraph probably suggest?| A．They are too excited to express themselves. | | B．They limit their social circle to a small range. | | C．They spread their information at a low speed. | | D．They lack information to introduce themselves. |
小题4: What is Dr. Roberts"s attitude towards the use of Facebook?| A．Positive. | B．Casual. | C．Responsible. | D．Unsupportive. |
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答案
小题1:A
小题2:C
小题3:B
小题4:D |
解析
本文中作者讲述了一个新的研究成果，发现网络上的facebook这样的网站对于我们与别人的交流并没有太大的作用，在交流中真正重要的是交流的质量而不是交流的数量。
小题1: A
【试题解析】细节题。根据第三段第2句Based on two questionnaires(调查表), he found there was no link between Facebook use and people with larger groups of friends.可知他的研究是以两份调查表为基础的，他发现这两者之间没有联系。故A正确。
小题2: C
【试题解析】段落大意题。根据本段最后一句The studies suggest quality, not quantity, of communication is the most important for keeping friends for life.可知这个研究发现交流的质量而不是数量是维持友谊最重要的东西。故C项正确。
小题3: B
【试题解析】推理题。根据本句But people who want to "contact the world at large" using Facebook can be disappointed because they spread themselves too thinly,那些想多和别人联系的人使用了Facebook，结果很失望，是因为他们在使用Facebook的时候，反而限制了自己与别人交流的范围。划线的句子与前面的"contact the world at large"的意思是相反的。故B正确。
小题4: D
【试题解析】推理题。根据文章第三段Dr. Roberts, a famous lecture at the University of Chester, said such websites don"t appear to help make true friendships.可知他认为像Facebook这样的网站并不能帮助我们取得真正的友谊。说明Dr. Roberts对这样的网站是不支持的。故D正确。
【长难句解析】
Dr. Roberts, whose work will be presented at the British Psychological Society conference in Harrogate, said……
【翻译】Dr. Roberts他的成果将会在英国社会心理学会议上展示，他说….
【分析】本句中含有一个由关系代词whose引导的定语从句，关系代词whose的先行词既可以是人，也可以是物；whose在定语从句中做定语，修饰后面的名词。相当于“the + n + of which/who”的结构。或者“of which/who+ the +名词” |
举一反三
We’re always looking for well-written reviews of books, music, movies, television shows, websites, video games and other products. When writing a review, concentrate on exactly what you liked or didn’t like. Give examples of strengths and weaknesses, be descriptive and provide background information on an author, director, actor or musician, if possible. Find professional reviews in magazines or newspapers and see how reviewers deal with their topic, but be sure to express your own voice in your review.
Grammar Hint for Reviews: When describing a book, movie, album or anything else, use the present tense.
Book Reviews
Discuss an author’s technique, strengths and weaknesses instead of focusing on the plot. Does the story flow? Is there a strong sense of character and place? Did you stay up until dawn to finish it? Is it good reading for teenagers? What influence did it have on you and why? If you’ve read other books by the same author, discuss how this book compares.
Movie Reviews
Think of the major Oscar categories and consider the performances, music, lighting and setting, etc. Do these work together? Did some hold up while others didn’t? If the movie is based on a book, discuss whether one is better than the other and why. If the movie is a remake, compare the film to its original.
Remember that a well-written movie review should discuss strengths and weaknesses. Some readers may not have seen a movie yet, so don’t give away an exciting scene or the ending!
College Reviews
Begin by providing an overview of the college, including location, size and a description of the campus and/or dorm life. Think about all aspects of your college visit. What academic, athletic and after-class programs are available? What are the students like? What makes the college different from others? Every school has strengths and weaknesses. Be objective. Consider what the school has to offer and who might enjoy or benefit the most from attending there.
小题1:When writing a review, you ________.
cannot refer to any previous review
must express your own views and opinions
must provide some information about the author
needn’t give any examples to support your views
小题2:Which aspects should be included in all three reviews?| A．Strengths and weaknesses. | B．Plot and character. | | C．Programs and scenes. | D．Location and description. |
小题3: Where can you probably find the passage?| A．In a personal diary. | | B．In an official report. | | C．In a tourist guidebook. | | D．In a popular magazine. |
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Dear Mom, Clear My Calendar
September is around the corner, and some of us are already complaining about summer’s end. But parents have a special reason to do so. The end of summer means the start of school. And these days, planning a young child’s schedule is a big challenge. The challenge is no longer finding activities to fill a child’s day; it is saying no to the hundreds of options available. Our mailbox is filled with brochures urging us to sign our kids up for classes from cooking to martial arts(武术).
Educators are themselves discouraged by the number of special classes that many children attend. In the name of “enrichment,” three-year-olds not only go to preschool in the morning but study French or gymnastics after lunch. One teacher tells of a four-year-old asking for help in the toilet before hurrying off to tennis. Another teacher says that children sometimes hold on to her at pickup time. What happened to unstructured time?
A generous explanation is that we enjoy giving children opportunities we never had. The truth however is that many parents have doubts about how much time they spend away from their families. And one way to reduce this guilt is to believe that time spent in these classes is somehow more beneficial to children than the time we know we should be giving them ourselves.
David Elkind, an expert on children, suggests that the 1960s gave birth to the belief that earlier is better. Parents hope that early music lessons, for example will build a child’s confidence. The truth, however, is that any time children are asked to do too much, too soon, they are at greater risk for feelings of failure.
A child’s time does not have to be planned to be meaningful. Remember the lazy days of summer? Some children sleep late and play with the kids across the street until it’s time to come home for dinner. However, with the majority of mothers working, fewer children enjoy that idle (空闲的) time now.
Come September, children across the country will finish a full day of kindergarten, only to attend an after-school program until 6 P.M., when a working mom or dad comes to take them home. That’s too much for a five-year old. Finances, of course, do limit some parents. But let’s be honest with ourselves – our own busy schedules, whatever they involve, are no excuse for burdening a young child’s.
小题1: The author holds that it’s a challenge to plan a schedule for a child mainly because _____.| A．a child’s schedule is too complex | | B．activities suitable for kids are limited | | C．parents are stuck in numerous choices | | D．children always say no to parents’ advice |
小题2: What the two teachers say in Paragraph 2 implies that _____. | A．children love to stay at school | | B．they are popular with children | | C．children dislike after-school classes | | D．after-school classes are of poor quality |
小题3: According to the author, what is the real reason for parents to send their children to after-school classes?| A．Parents want to make up for their own regrets. | | B．After-school classes develop children’s potential. | | C．Parents have doubt about their own ability to guide children. | | D．After-school classes give parents an excuse for being absent. |
小题4:Which of the following will the author probably agree with?| A．For children’s benefits, the earlier the better. | | B．Children’s spare time should be carefully designed. | | C．Idle time for children is becoming a thing of the past. | | D．Parents should be forgiven if they have a good reason., |
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A decades-old tradition, illustrated in a modem children"s book, links the sweetness of honey with the joy of learning to read.
The grandpa held a jar of honey so that all the family could see. He then dipped a spoon into it and put some honey on the cover of a small book.
The little girl had just turned five. Stand up, little one, "he asked the girl softly. "I did this for your mother, your uncles, your
old brother, and now you ! "
Then, he handed the book to her. "Taste f "
She touched the honey with her finger and put it into her mouth.
" What is the taste?" the grandpa asked.
The little girl answered, " Sweet ! "
Then all. the family said in a single voice, "Yes, and so is knowledge, but knowledge is from the bee that made that sweet honey, you have to go after it through the pages of a book ! " The little girl knew that the promise to read was at last hers. Soon she was going to learn to read.
This is the beginning of a profoundly moving children"s book entitled Thank You, Mr. Falker.
In this book, Patricia Polacco writes of her own passion to read, inspired by the honey on the book. It wasn"t until fifth grade that she met her beloved teacher who provided the help that she needed to finally unlock the magic of the written world.
The child learning to read is admitted into a collective memory by way of books. And with the printed words that are active with. meaning, the child bees acquainted(熟悉的) with a common past which he or she renews, to a greater or lesser degree, in every reading. Much as the author of the book Thank You, Mr. Falker puts it, " Almost as if it were magic, or as if light poured into her brain, the words and sentences started to take shape on the page as they never had before-And she understood the whole thing---Then she went into the living room and found the book on a shelf, the very book that her grandpa had shown her so many years ago. She spooned honey on the cover and tasted the sweetness---Then she held the book, honey and all, close to her chest. She could feel tears roll down her cheeks, but they weren"t tears of sadness- she way happy, so very happy. "
小题1:The girl who tasted the honey on the book was ______.| A． nearly six years old | B．less than five years old | | C．a little more than five years old | D．more than six years old |
小题2:It can be inferred from this passage that_______.| A．the girl"s mother and uncles were good scholars | | B．Mr. Falker helped Patricia Polacco write her book for children. | | C．the girl who tasted the honey on the book grew into an artist | | D．the honey-on- book tradition has been practiced for many generations |
小题3:The book entitled Thank You, Mr. Falker is about| A．the early life of Mr. Falker | | B．the magic power of oral words on children | | C．Polacco"s early experience with reading | | D．how the honey on the book makes children feel happy |
小题4:The last paragraph implies that the happiness of the little girl came from _______.| A．the ability to read books | | B．the honey she tasted | | C．the book her grandpa had shown her | | D．the collective memory that accepted her |
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I was standing in the kitchen helping with dinner, asking my mom about my brother"s doctor " s appointment. They were testing him for autism(自闭症 ) . My brother, Captain, four years old at the time, had always been my best friend. We would wrestle, play games and have the best of times together, even though we were far apart in age. My mom told me about the appointment, but ,when she got to the point about the test, she stopped. I turned around and she had tears in her eyes. I stared at her, wishing she would say something , when I realized what that silence meant. My eyes got blurry (模糊的 ) and my breathing got very ragged. " The test was positive , sweetheart , " she said. I broke down, crying.
My mom was trying to cool me down, saying that Captain couldn"t see me like this and I had to be a big girl , when the front door opened, and Captain, our three-year-old sister Cali, and my father came in. I walked out of the kitchen. I couldn"t look at him. Everything had just changed. He was no longer that little baby brother who was just a normal little boy.
We had to move a while later because Captain needed treatment. One day ,I was standing in the bus line waiting when the " short bus" came and picked some kids up. The children in the other line started making jokes about the " retards(智力迟钝者) " on that bus and I felt a strange feeling in my stomach, ,which I had never felt before.
During a band class, my teacher, Mrs. Young, stopped our playing to give us some feed- back. " Guys ,we " re playing like the kids on the short bus ! Come on!" I felt that same feeling I had in the bus line. The entire room was laughing when I raised my hand. " Yes , Alexis?" Mrs. Young asked. "I don"t think we should make fun of the short bus, because there are a lot of people on that bus who have great personalities and have the same feelings as we do. And also ,I know some people on those buses and they are some of the most caring, sweetest, and smartest people , so I would appreciate it if you didn"t make fun of them. "
Everyone stared at me. Mrs. Young apologized for the comment and then started the song again.
小题1: What did Alexis think her mother" s silence mean in Paragraph One? | A．There was no chance for Alexis to play games with Captain. | | B．Captain was likely to miss the appointment. | | C．Captain really suffered from autism. | | D．Alexis had to prepare dinner quickly. |
小题2: Why did Alexis go out of the kitchen? | A．Because she didn"t want to help with dinner. | | B．Because she would be much sadder looking at Captain. | | C．Because she wanted to play with Captain outside. | | D．Because she wasn"t willing to meet a sick brother. |
小题3:What Alexis said to her teacher can be seen as a kind of .| A．threat | B．approval | C．apology | D．condemnation |
小题4: Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?| A．Speaking up. | B．Giving up. | C．Looking .up. | D．Taking up. |
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Say you"re in the wine store and you want to buy something new. You have nothing to go by outside of the label. Will the label tell you anything you should know? Here"s some general advice:
Vintage. This is the first thing we look for ourselves. You don"t need to care whether 2001 or 2002 was a better year in the Sierra Foothills. The vast majority of wines at the store are meant to be drunk right away, so you make sure the wine isn"t too old, particularly if you"re buying it expecting lively, fresh fruitiness. We often see five-year-old Pinot Grigio and two-year-old Beaujolais Nouveau at stores, for example, so as soon as we see that kind of age on wines like those, we know we can skip them and move on(and possibly not shop there again).
Alcohol content. Too many wines have too much alcohol, which leaves them unbalanced. Sure, there are some classic wines with high alcohol levels, but many of today"s regular table wines--Merlot, Chardonnay--have levels at 15% or above. Some of those might be terrific, but if we had nothing else to go on, we"d look for alcohol content at about 14% and below.
The more specific the better. A wine that says it"s from Napa is probably a better bet than a wine that simply says it"s from California. Unfortunately, this will also probably be reflected in the price, so this might not tell you much about value, If you care enough to know a few of famous vineyards for producing high-quality grapes, they might help you make an educated guess about quality.
Old vines. Theoretically, older vines produce fewer, but more flavorful grapes, but the problem is that no one has defined what an "old vine" is, so anyone can put this on the label. Just ignore it.
A phone number. You"d be surprised many small-production wines these days include a phone number on the back and an invitation to call the winerY, which is a sign of a highly personal winerY. We have called those numbers many times over the years and it"s amazing how often the winemaker or winerY owner answers the phone.
小题1: The underlined word "Vintage" in the second paragraph probably means "________ " .| A．the place where the wine was made | B．the year when the wine was made | | C．the freshness of the wine | D．the label of the wine |
小题2:It"s better to buy| A．five-year-old Pinot Grigio | B．the wine labeled from older vines | | C．the wine from famous vineyards | D．two-year-old Beaujolais Nouveau |
小题3: From the passage we Can infer that| A．the wine with high alcohol levels is definitely terrific | | B．most wines at the store are intended to be drunk right away | | C．older vines have lower production | | D．some winemakers keep the promise all the time |
小题4: What is paragraph 4 mainly about?| A．Geography. | B．Price | C．Quality. | D．Grapes. |
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