Electrical devices（仪器）could soon use power make by human energy. Scientists say
题型：不详难度：来源：
Electrical devices（仪器）could soon use power make by human energy. Scientists say they have developed an experimental device that produces electricity from the physical movement of a person walking . British scientist Max Donelan and other scientists in Canada and the United States developed the device.
The device connects to a person’s knee. As the person walks, the device captures energy each time the person slows down. To do this , the device helps with the slowing sown movement of the leg. The movements of the walking person push parts of a small machine that produces electricity. Using the device, an adult walking quickly could produce thirteen watts of electricity in just a minute. Donelan says walking at that speed could produce enough power to operate a laptop computer for six minutes.
There are several possible uses for the device . Developers say it could help people who work in areas without electricity to operate small computers. The device could also be used in hospitals to operate heart pacemakers（起博器）. It could even be used to assist in the movement of robotic arms and legs.
The experimental version of the device weighs about one and a half kilograms, but it is too costly for most people to buy. But the researchers hope to make a lighter, less costly version. An improved version should be ready in one year.
The developers hope the device will one day help developing countries. Nearly twenty five percent of people around the world live without electric power.
A similar product was invented in 2005 by Larry Rome of the University of Pennsylvania. He created a bag carried on a person’s back that also produces power from walking. The knee device does not produce as much electricity as the bag . But the bag requires the walker to carry a load of twenty to thirty kilograms.
小题1:The second paragraph mainly talks about .| A．who developed the device | | B．how the device works | | C．several possible uses for the devices | | D．how much electricity the device can produce |
小题2:What is the disadvantage of the experimental version of the device?| A．It is too heavy for the walker to bear | | B．It is too complex for people to use | | C．It is too expensive for most people to afford | | D．It will slow down one’s walking speed. |
小题3:Compared with the device designed by Larry Rome ,this new device .| A．produces power without adding more loads to the walker | | B．can produce more power in a much shorter time | | C．needs to be equipped with a battery | | D．can help the walker walk faster |
小题4:From the passage, we can learn that the electrical device can .| A．help housewives operate the washing machine | | B．make it much easier for us to go online | | C．produce more electricity than that invented by Larry Rome | | D．be applied to operate heart pacemakers |
小题5:What would be the best title for the passage?| A．First device powered by walking will soon be on the market | | B．Advanced technology brings in a new way to operate heart pacemakers | | C．Device gives new meaning to the idea of power walking | | D．Human energy will become a main source of electricity |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:C
小题3:A
小题4:D
小题5:C |
解析
试题分析：本文主要介绍的是一种新的装备让我们步行也可以发电，以及这种装置的工作原理等。
小题1:B 段落大意题。根据文章第2段The device connects to a person’s knee. As the person walks, the device captures energy each time the person slows down. To do this , the device helps with the slowing sown movement of the leg.可知本段主要讲述的是这个机器是如何运转工作的，故B正确。
小题2:C 细节题。根据文章第4段1,2行The experimental version of the device weighs about one and a half kilograms, but it is too costly for most people to buy.可知这个机器太贵了，普通人买不起这个机器。故C正确。
小题3:.A 推理题。根据文章最后2行The knee device does not produce as much electricity as the bag . But the bag requires the walker to carry a load of twenty to thirty kilograms.可知以前的旧机器需要人背着很重的负荷。故A正确。
小题4:D 细节题。根据文章第三段The device could also be used in hospitals to operate heart pacemakers（起博器）.可知这个机器可以为起搏器充电。故D正确。
小题5:C 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍的是一种新的装备让我们步行也可以发电，以及这种装置的工作原理等。故C正确。 |
举一反三
[1] As adolescents(青少年), having a meaningful effect on the world can seem like an impossible task for the simple fact of being kids. Changing the world does not only mean finding a cure for cancer, eliminating poverty, or finding the origin of humanity, but recycling a piece of paper as well. Going Green is a practical way that adolescents can have a real, meaningful influence in the world. There are numerous options of how individuals can change their lifestyles to be more eco-conscious(有生态环保意识的). What follows are three simple ways young adolescents can go green and change the world.
1. Recycle
[2] According to a Wire & Twine online article, 63 million newspapers come out every day and of those 44 million are thrown away; recycling the Sunday newspaper alone we could save half a million trees a week.
[3] The age of technology constantly creates new phones, iPods, or new computers. Many will stand in line for hours if not days to get their hands on the new piece of technology, but what happens with the old ones once they are replaced? Nothing, according to Earth911 about 75% of the old devices sit in the back of a drawer collecting dust. By taking them to the local stores that collect them, they go to poor people which in turn removes them from landfills(垃圾填埋场) where the phones explode because of the lead and lithium-ion(锂离子) the phones contain.
2. Go vegetarian one day a week
[4] Instead of breaking down the pros and cons(利弊) of the vegetarian lifestyle into a long boring paragraph, here are some astonishing facts on going vegetarian for only one day. According to Noam Mohr, a physicist at the New York University, the United States would save 100 billion gallons of water which is enough to supply all homes in New England for about 4 months.
[5] The United States would save 70 million gallons of gas which is enough to fuel all the cars of Canada and Mexico combined and still have some to spare. The United States could prevent 3 million tons of soil erosion(侵蚀), 4.5 million tons of animal wastes, and about 7 tons of ammonia emissions (氨排放). The Environmental Defense concludes with the most interesting fact: if the entire population gives up one meal of chicken, the amount of carbon dioxide accumulated would be the same amount if more than half a million cars were taken off U.S. roads.
3. 第6题
[6] Most drink bottled water because of the common view that bottled water is healthier than regular tap water; actually, 25% of bottled water comes from regular tap water and all that is done extra is it going through a filter(过滤器). Tap water has higher regulations from the FDA (Food and Drug Administration美国食品药品管理局) than bottled water does. Companies do not need to list where they got the water from, how they purify the water, or what chemicals their plastic water bottles contain. Plastic bottles do not get recycled 90% of the time which results in 1.5 million tons of plastic in landfills which take thousands of years to rot. Not only are you drinking the same water as that in your house but also paying extra. The average 24-pack of bottled water cost $3.97 at the local Wal-Mart and a reusable water bottle cost between $4.99-$7.99; just imagine how much money could be saved if reusable water bottles replaced plastic water bottles.
[7] Changing the world for a positive has to start somewhere and while it may be hard and at times it may seem as if the small changes that are being done are not affecting the world, keep in mind what Margaret Mead once said, “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful citizens can change the world; indeed, it’s the only thing that ever has.”
小题1:What’s the whole passage mainly talked about?| A．Ways to protect environment. | B．Ways to become powerful. | | C．The importance of recycling. | D．The importance of saving water. |
小题2:What’s the meaning of the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1?| A．Changing the world involves many questions. | | B．It’s not easy to change the world. | | C．Changing the world is not so difficult. | | D．We can actually do everything. |
小题3:How much of the daily newspapers are thrown away according to Paragraph 2?| A．About 44%. | B．About 63%. | C．About 70%. | D．About 75%. |
小题4: In the article, the writer _____ to tell us the benefits of the vegetarian lifestyle.| A．does a lot of reasoning | B．uses many facts | | C．borrows VIPs’ phrases | D．puts forward new ideas |
小题5:What’s the benefits of giving up just one day of eating meat according to Paragraph 4 and 5?| A．Much water and gas would be saved. | B．Much land would be spared. | | C．More animals would survive. | D．More cars would be on the roads. |
小题6:Which of the following can be the subtitle(小标题) of Paragraph 6?| A．Drink healthy water | B．Produce bottled water | | C．Give up bottled water | D．Reuse tap water |
小题7:Why do many people choose to drink bottled water according to Paragraph 6?| A．They think it’s cheaper. | | B．They think it’s healthier. | | C．They think it’s more fashionable. | | D．They think it’s environmental friendly. |
小题8:What’s the main idea of the last paragraph?| A．We should find a proper time to start action | | B．Small changes will make big differences. | | C．Personal efforts will not affect the world. | | D．A small group of people matters. |
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Mark and his brother Jason both were looking at the shining new computer enviously, Jason was determined not to go against their father’s wishes but Mark was more adventurous than his brother. He loved experimenting and his aim was to become a scientist like his father.
“Dad will be really mad if he finds out you’ve been playing with his new computer.” Jason said, “He told us not to touch it.”
“He won’t find out,” Mark said. “I’ll just have a quick look and shut it down.”
Mark had been scolded before for touching his father’s equipment. But his curiosity was difficult to control and this new computer really puzzled him.
It was a strange-looking machine — one his dad had brought home from the laboratory where he worked. “It’s an experimental model,” his father had explained, “so don’t touch it under any circumstances.” But his father’s warning only served to make Mark more curious. Without any further thought, Mark turned on the power switch. The computer burst into life and seconds later, the screen turned into colors, shifting and changing and then two big white words appeared in the centre of the screen: “SPACE TRANSPORTER.” “Yes!” Mark cried excitedly, “It’s a computer game. I knew it! Dad’s only been pretending to work. He’s really been playing games instead.” A new message appeared on the screen: “ENTER NAMES
VOYAGER 1:…
VOYAGER 2:…”
Mark’s fingers flew across the keyboard as he typed in both of their names.
“INPUT ACCEPTED. START TRANSPORT PROGRAM. AUTO-RETRIEVE INITIATED (自动回收程序已启动).”
The screen turned even brighter and a noise suddenly rose in volume.
“I think we’d better shut it off, Mark,” Jason yelled, reaching for the power switch. He was really frightened.
But his hand never reached the switch. A single beam of dazzling white light burst out of the computer screen, wrapping the boys in its glow(光芒) , until they themselves seemed to be glowing. Then it died down just as suddenly as it had burst into life. And the boys were no longer there. On the screen, the letters changed.
“TRANSPORT SUCCESSFUL. DESTINATION (目的地)：MARS. RETRIEVE DATE: 2025.”
小题1:Why did Mark touch the computer against his father’s warning?| A．He wanted to take a voyage. | B．He wanted to practice his skill. | | C．He was so much attracted by it. | D．He was eager to do an experiment. |
小题2:Where did the boys’ father most likely work?| A．In an electronic factory. | | B．In a computer company. | | C．In a scientific research center. | | D．In an information processing center. |
小题3: Mark thought “SPACE TRANSPORTER” on the screen was the name of______.| A．a computer game | B．a company website | | C．a software producer | D．an astronomy |
小题4:Why did Jason want to shut off the computer?| A．He was afraid of being scolded. | | B．He didn’t like the loud noise and light. | | C．He didn’t want to play games any more. | | D．He was afraid something dangerous might happen. |
小题5: What happened to the boys at the end of the story? | A．Theywereblownintotheair. | | B．Theyweresenttoanotherplanet. | | C．Theywerehiddeninthestronglight. | | D．Theywerecarriedawaytoanothercountry. |
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Food prices have risen sharply over the past few years. The good news is that the rate of increase has slowed. The bad news is that prices will not go down anytime soon.
Also，the rate of global agricultural production is slowing. Yet it needs to increase 60% over the next 40 years to feed a growing world population.
These are among the findings from the OECDFAO(the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development & the Food and Agriculture Organization)Agricultural Outlook(展望)2012－2021.
FAO DirectorGeneral Jose Graziano da Silva spoke at a news conference in Rome when the report was released. Mr.Da Silva said that，not surprisingly，the world"s poorest people will feel the greatest effects of higher prices.
“For the millions and millions of extremely poor people， the effects of high food prices are clear—they might have to change their diets，usually to ones with poorer nutrition quality， ”he said.
In middleincome countries， people are gaining weight as they eat fewer fruits and vegetables and more of the cheaper but less nutritious foods.
The report also shows that farmers in poorer countries will be leading efforts to feed an expected 9,000,000,000 people by 2050.The outlook predicts that farmers in Latin America，the Caribbean and subSaharan Africa will drive agricultural production in the future.
Angel Gurria，SecretaryGeneral of the OECD，said：“We can feed 9,000,000,000 people by 2050 on this planet. But we have to organize ourselves better.” But there are plenty of challenges.Onefourth of all agricultural land is damaged. Many countries face water shortages(短缺)．And experts believe climate change is driving increasingly unusual weather patterns.
The report says farmers need to use more growing methods that can"t cause damage to the environment.At the same time，it says governments should end economically harmful supports and spend more money to increase agricultural production.Mr.Gurria says rich and poor nations need to treat agriculture more like a business.
“In many cases，agriculture is related in people"s minds to the poorest. It"s related to aid. It"s related to very poor living conditions，etc. We have got to shake that image away，”he said.
小题1:Why are people gaining weight in countries with average incomes?| A．They eat more food. | B．They eat less nutritious foods. | | C．They eat cheaper fruits. | D．They eat cheaper vegetables. |
小题2:It can be inferred from the text that poorer countries ______.| A．are damaging a great part of their agricultural land | | B．will play a great role in feeding the growing world population | | C．are spending lots of money increasing agricultural production | | D．will not be so seriously affected by food prices as rich nations |
小题3:What can be done to deal with the slow agricultural production?| A．Improving the growing methods. | | B．Finding more agricultural land. | | C．Preventing governments" involvement. | | D．Improving farmers" living conditions. |
小题4:Which of the following might Angel Gurria agree with?| A．Agriculture means difficulty and sadness. | | B．Food prices will go down in the near future. | | C．It"s almost impossible to feed 9,000,000,000 people by 2050. | | D．Both rich and poor countries should take agriculture seriously. |
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Imagine going to sleep then waking up speaking another language. It may sound impossible， but it"s actually happened.
The phenomenon(现象)of being able to suddenly speak another language is known as“Xenoglossia”， from the Greek words“xenos”(foreigner)and “glossa”(language)．
It once happened to a 13yearold girl from Croatia. After being unconscious(不省人事的)because of a disease for 24 hours in 2010，she woke up speaking fluent German. The girl， who came from the town of Knin in the south of Croatia，was studying German at school but she"d only started recently. Her parents said that she"d been reading German books and watching German TV at home， but that she wasn"t fluent in the language.However ，since waking up， she"s been able to communicate “perfectly”in German.What"s really strange is that she"s now unable to speak Croat，her mother language.Doctors at Split"s KB Hospital have asked some experts to examine the girl as they try to find out what caused the change.Dr Mijo Milas said，“In earlier times this would have been considered as a miracle(奇迹)；we prefer to think that there must be an explanation—it"s just that we haven"t found it yet.”
In 2007，Matej Kus from Czech became unconscious after a motorbike accident. On waking up 45 minutes later，he could speak fluent English.Matej was only 18 years old at the time， and had just started studying the language and so was at a low level.Peter Waite，Kus"s teammate said，“I couldn"t believe what I was hearing.It was really clear English.It was unbelievable to hear him talk in unbroken English.”Unluckily，Matej"s new language skills didn"t last.Two days later， when he recovered fully from the accident， he"d completely forgotten his English.
We still don"t know exactly what happened to the two people. Perhaps scientists will discover something new and exciting. But until then， keep studying!
小题1:According to the passage，what is“Xenoglossia”？| A．That someone becomes unconscious. | | B．That someone speaks a new language in a sudden. | | C．That someone doesn"t like his mother language. | | D．That someone is able to speak Greek suddenly. |
小题2:What does the underlined word “It” in Para.3 probably refer to?| A．Having accidents. | | B．Speaking fluent German. | | C．The phenomenon of Xenoglossia. | | D．Being unable to speak. |
小题3:We can learn from Paragraph 3 that the girl from Croatia ______.| A．wanted to know what caused her change | | B．believed she had a talent for language | | C．didn"t study German for a long time | | D．didn"t like learning German |
小题4:Which of the following is TURE according to the test?| A．Matej Kus is now afraid of motorbike racing. | | B．The girl from Croatia lost consciousness for several days. | | C．The girl from Croatia was knocked unconscious in an accident. | | D．Matej Kus could only speak a little English before the accident . |
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It seems that many college graduates are unsure of what to do with their lives, so they jump back into the college scene by default(违约). But graduate school is costly, time consuming and requires a lot of in-depth study, and also parents will lay down more money and banks will supply more student loans.
However, there are some students who should be pursuing graduate degrees. Teachers, lawyers, doctors, professors and ministers are a few examples of those who will benefit from class work past a bachelor’s degree. Their professions call for additional courses and more specialization and therefore higher education is a must. Still, all students in general should not adopt the idea that graduate school is necessary for individuals who want to make more money. Working hard right after college can lead to promotions in the future. It seems that it does more good to network or internship（实习）with professionals while pursing a bachelor’s degree than it does to complete a master’s and distant oneself from the world of work.
If a student graduates with a four-year degree and immediately enters the work force , he will most likely start an entry-level pay. In a couple of years this employee will gain seniority and experience, therefore increasing their chance for pay rise. He will learn the information at his job-site that he did not learn in school. His bachelor’s degree loan can be immediately chipped away ,and his maturity level can increase as real work related responsibilities set in. But, if the student pursues a master’s degree, he may be able to demand more pay initially when he finally goes job hunting, but years of serious money making as well as work experience will already be lost.
Students should not shy from the workforce just because uncertainty follows graduation. Those who pursue a graduate degree just because they do not want to leave school and because they view the “real world” as scary should think again. Using graduate studies as a hiding place from the full-time job is a waste of time.
小题1:College graduates who go to work can _____ than those who pursue graduate degrees.| A．make more money in the future | B．acquire more experience | | C．get a better job | D．become more responsible |
小题2:The underlined words “chipped away” can most possibly be replaced by_______.| A．given out | B．set down | C．thrown away | D．paid off |
小题3:What would be the best title for the passage?| A．College graduates shouldn’t pursue graduate degrees | | B．College graduates should think twice | | C．How can college graduates make more money? | | D．Students use graduate school to avoid reality |
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