Have you ever thought of such questions as “Why do I have to study math?”or “I a
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Have you ever thought of such questions as “Why do I have to study math?”or “I am not interested in history at all. My dream is to be an actor. Should I give history up?”
Maybe you are right. After you leave school, it’s not necessary for you to understand everything. But please remember that at school,besides getting knowledge, you should pay attention to some other important things.
First, try to find what you are most interested in. At school, you study many subjects. Try to find what you like and what you don’t like. This may be helpful to you in the future.
Second, maybe you don’t like math and you want to drop it. But the logical thinking ability from math can help you solve some problems.At school, you should practice your brain by thinking.
Third, you should believe in yourself. Maybe you learn French at school, but you don’t need to speak French at all.But learning French can prove that you have the ability of learning languages. Suppose you go to France one day and find a good job well. At school I learned French well, and now I must be able to learn German. But if you have no confidence, what will happen?
Try to challenge yourself as often as possible. I think many of us like playing computer games. When we fail in a game, we always want to try it again. Why? Because it is hard for us to get the highest mark. If we want to challenge ourselves, we must face more difficult things and make greater progress.
小题1:At school you should .| A．stop learning the subjects you don’t like | | B．both get knowledge and improve your ability | | C．pay more attention to math and French | | D．learn French instead of English |
小题2:Math can improve one’s .| A．logical thinking ability | | B．skills in computer | | C．interest in other subjects | | D．ability of finding a job |
小题3:Which of the following is TRUE? | A．You will use everything you learn at school in your future job. | | B．It’s not necessary to know what you like at school. | | C．Everything you learn at school has an influence on you. | | D．Logical thinking ability is the most important ability. |
小题4:Learning French can help us .| A．have confidence in learning languages | | B．go to France | | C．get a good result in the exam | | D．make greater progress |
小题5:The last paragraph tells us that .| A．everyone loves to play computer games | | B．it is not easy to get high marks in computer games | | C．we should do some very different things | | D．we should challenge |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:C
小题4:A
小题5:D |
解析
文章讲述了学校里学习的任何一门学科在我们未来的工作和生活中都会有很大的作用。
小题1:B 推理题。根据文章第二段可知在学校里我们不仅仅要学习知识还要锻炼能力。故B正确。
小题2:A 细节题。根据第四段1,2行But the logical thinking ability from math can help you solve some problems.可知A正确。
小题3:C 推理题。根据文章3,4,5,6段可知学校里学的东西对学生的未来是有很大的影响的，故C正确。
小题4:A 推理题。根据文章倒数第二段最后一行But if you have no confidence, what will happen?可知作者正是从法语的学习中赢得了自信，才可以学会其他的语言。故Ａ正确。
小题5:D 段落大意题。最后一段正是提出我们要挑战我们自己，要让自己努力学习新的知识。 |
举一反三
请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格填入最恰当的单词。
注意：每空格一个单词。
Eat more, Play more—Weight Less
In the United States, 20 to 40 percent of the adult population have a “weight problem”. To many people, the cause seems obvious: we eat too much. But scientific evidence does little to support this idea.
Several modern studies have shown that fatter people do not eat more on average than thinner people and that slim people are more active than fat people.
I believe that this shows overweight people can become relatively slim gradually via a progressive program of regular exercise. The key is regular, enjoyable activity.
Use of energy(calories) by the body falls into two categories. The first is energy used for essential bodily functions—digestion, heart beat, breathing—and BMR(新陈代谢). In an average-sized adult, BMR requires about 1400 calories per day.
The second category is energy used for physical activity—standing, walking and all other movements. Together with the BMR, it makes up total calorie use, which should be balanced by food intake for weight to remain stable.
For years now, we have known that dieting—especially severe dieting(400 calories per day, for instance)—decreases BMR. This is the body"s defense system to keep energy when food supply is reduced. Unfortunately, it tends to weaken the diet"s effects by enabling the body to “get by” on fewer calories. For this reason, I believe that severe dieting is not a good way to lose weight, and all dieting should be seen as a temporary measure.
In addition to helping weight loss and continued weight control, regular exercise has many other features to recommend it. While weight loss by dieting alone results in some loss of muscle as well as fat, weight loss by exercise and moderate dieting leads to an increased proportion（均衡）of muscle mass. The regular exerciser has good heart function too.
Regular exercise helps to raise blood levels of high－density lipoprotein(HDL) and increased exercise leads to increased food intake and thus to increased intake of critical nutrients (营养).
The benefits of eating more because of an increase in physical activity are not widely appreciated. Many people in this country, by actual measurement, have remarkably low calorie intake. Often the amount is so low (1 200 to 1 800 calories a day) that nutritionists worry about the adequacy(足够的)of their vitamin and mineral intake. And too little food, with inadequate fiber content, leads in the old population to chronic constipation(长期便秘)．
To sum up, most Americans still get too little regular exercise, and it is within this group that almost all obesity is found. Severe dieting should not be used as it is unpleasant and tends to be self-defeating. Moderate dieting combined with regular exercise is much more effective and enjoyable. The choice is yours: life on the sofa, nibbling celery or the active, healthy-eating, healthful way.
Title
| Eat more, Play more—Weight Less
| Causes of weight problems
| ●It"s commonly believed that adults" weight problems are due to (1)______ too much, but little scientific evidence (2)______ this idea.
●Studies show that fat people eat less and are (3)______ active than slim people.
| (4)______of eating enough
| ●Energy used for essential bodily functions, BMR, and (5)______ activity should be balanced by food intake for weight to remain stable
●Food intake offers (6)______ vitamin and mineral intake and prevents the old from chronic constipation.
| Ways of weight loss
| ●Dieting alone—a temporary measure
●Tending to weaken the diet"s effects
●(7)______in some loss of muscle as well as fat
●Exercising (8)______ — a recommended way
●Having good heart function
●Helping to raise blood levels of HDL
●Attaining critical nutrients
| (9)______
| ●Doing little exercise has much to do with obesity.
●Severe dieting should be (10)______.
●Moderate dieting as well as regular exercise is much more effective and enjoyable.
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Many parents watch the news or other shows as children play nearby. But new research shows that even when the television is just background noise，it may be disruptive to a child’s normal development.
It’s estimated that 75 percent of very young children in the United States live in homes where the television is on most of the time，even though the kids often aren’t watching it. The University of Massachusetts researchers recently studied how TV background noise might affect young children. The study looked at 50 1，2and 3yearolds. Each child came to a lab with a parent and was allowed to play for an hour with various toys. For half the time，a television was on in the room，showing the adult game show as well as advertisements. During the other half hour，the TV was turned off.
As expected，the children paid little attention to the adult television show，glancing at it for less than a few seconds at a time，and less than once a minute. Even so，the distraction (分心) of the background noise had a significant effect on how children at every age played. When the television was on，the children played with each toy for far shorter periods of time，and focused attention during play was also shorter compared to how they played when the TV was off.
Researchers said that even though the children aren’t interested in the show，background TV affects their ability to do various types of play. The finding is important because many wellmeaning parents who wouldn’t let their young children watch television may not realize that even adult programs that don’t interest children still can have an effect.
“Background TV is potentially a chronic (长期的) environmental risk factor affecting most American children，” said the lead author of the study. “Parents should limit their young children’s exposure (接触)．”
小题1:We know from the passage that________.| A．background TV noise has little effect on adults | | B．most young children in America live in homes exposed to TV noise | | C．the effect of background TV noise on children is immediate | | D．most parents in America wouldn’t let their children watch TV |
小题2:The underlined word “disruptive” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to________.| A．harmful | B．important | C．similar | D．related |
小题3:In the study，the children________.| A．were all 3yearolds | B．were asked to watch adult TV shows | | C．played for an hour while the TV was on | D．played with more than one toy |
小题4:What does the study show?| A．Children pay much attention to adult TV shows. | | B．Children should be allowed to watch TV for kids only. | | C．The background TV noise affects children’s ability to focus. | | D．The more toys a child has，the shorter time he plays with each one. |
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High Speed Book Scanner
Simply turning pages of a book quickly may not seem like the best way to scan it. A Japanese research group at Tokyo University has created new software that allows hundreds of pages to be scanned within minutes. Scanning text is normally a boring process with each page having to be inserted into a scanner, but the team led by Professor Masatoshi Ishikawa uses a high speed camera that takes 500 pictures a second to scan pages as they are turned by workers.
Normal scanners can only scan the information that is actually before them on the page. This high speed book scanner uses a camera that captures pages at 1000fps as they are turned. A system built in allows it to automatically correct any changes to the text due to the page bending as well as light differences due to shadows. “It takes a shot of the shape, then it calculates the shape and uses those calculations to film the scanning,” Ishikawa said, explaining the system used to reconstruct the original page.
The current system is able to scan an average 250-page book in a little over 60 seconds using basic computer hardware. While it now requires extra time to process the scanned images (影像), the researchers hope to eventually make the technology both faster and much smaller. “In the more distant future, once it becomes possible to put all of this processing on one chip (芯片) and then put that in an iPad or iPod, one could scan just using that chip. At that point, it becomes possible to scan something quickly to save for later reading,” Ishikawa said.
Being able to scan books with an iPhone may be further off, but Ishikawa says that a commercial version of the large-scale computer based scanning system could be available in two or three years. While the technology has the potential to take paper books into the digital age, it remains to be how publishers will react to people scanning their books while just turning pages quickly.
小题1:According to the passage, the advantage of the new scanning software is that ______.| A．there is no need to scan every page | | B．it can work much more effectively | | C．no manpower is needed in operating the scanner | | D．it can make the scanning process more interesting |
小题2:According to Ishikawa, the scanner works by_____.| A．changing the shape of the images | | B．reducing the size of the images | | C．reconstructing the original page | | D．scanning several pages at the same time |
小题3:What is Ishikawa’s attitude towards the development of the scanning system?| A．Optimistic. | B．Uncertain. | C．Disapproving. | D．Cautious. |
小题4:What does the underlined sentence mean?| A．People will get any book they like more easily. | | B．Publishers will refuse to comment on the new software. | | C．Publishers will probably not welcome the new software. | | D．People won’t need to buy books any more with an iPhone. |
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Even plants can run a fever, especially when they"re under attack by insects or disease. But unlike human, plants can have their temperature taken from 3,000 feet away—straight up. A decade ago, adopting the infrared(红外线)scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide(***虫剂)spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which invariably includes plants that don"t have pest problems.
Even better, Paley"s Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night, an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were transformed into a colourcoded map showing where plants were running “fevers”. Farmers could then spotspray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would.
The bad news is that Paley"s company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers resisted the new technology and longterm backers were hard to find. But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. “This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States, ” says George Oerther of Texas A & M. Ray Jackson, who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture, thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. But only if Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago.
小题1:Plants will send out an increased amount of heat when they are________.| A．facing an infrared scanner | | B．sprayed with pesticides | | C．in poor physical condition | | D．exposed to excessive sun rays |
小题2:In order to apply pesticide spraying precisely, we can use infrared scanning to________.| A．estimate the damage to the crops | | B．draw a colourcoded map | | C．measure the size of the affected area | | D．locate the problem area |
小题3:Farmers can save a considerable amount of pesticide by________.| A．resorting to spotspraying | | B．transforming poisoned rain | | C．consulting infrared scanning experts | | D．detecting crop problems at an early stage |
小题4:The application of infrared scanning technology to agriculture met with some difficulties—________.| A．its high cost | | B．the lack of official support | | C．the lack of financial support | | D．its failure to help increase production |
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Beauty has always been regarded as something praiseworthy. Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier，have better marriages and have more respectable occupations. Personal consultants give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants(被告)．But in the executive circle，beauty can become a liability.
While attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way up the executive ladder，it is harmful to a woman.
Handsome male executives were thought as having more integrity than plainer men；effort and ability were thought to account for their success.
Attractive female executives were considered to have less integrity than unattractive ones；their success was attributed not to ability but to factors such as luck.
All unattractive women executives were thought to have more integrity and to be more capable than the attractive female executives. Interestingly，though，the rise of the unattractive overnight successes was attributed more to personal relationships and less to ability than that of attractive overnight successes.
Why are attractive women not thought to be able？An attractive woman is thought to be more feminine and an attractive man more masculine(有男子气概的)than the less attractive ones. Thus，an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs，but an attractive woman in a traditionally masculine position appears to lack the “masculine” qualities required.
This is true even in politics. “When the only clue is how he or she looks，people treat men and women differently，”says Anne Bowman，who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates. She asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs，one of men and one of women，in order of attractiveness. The students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They were asked to rank them again，in the order they would vote for them.
The results showed that attractive males utterly defeated unattractive men，but the women who had been ranked most attractive invariably received the fewest votes.
小题1:The underlined word “liability”(in Para.1)most probably means “________”．| A．misfortune | B．instability | C．disadvantage | D．burden |
小题2:In traditionally female jobs，attractiveness________.| A．reinforces(加强)the feminine qualities required | | B．makes women look more honest and capable | | C．is of primary importance to women | | D．often enables women to succeed quickly |
小题3:Bowman"s experiment reveals that when it comes to politics，attractiveness________.| A．turns out to be an obstacle to men | | B．affects men and women alike | | C．has as little effect on men as on women | | D．is more of an obstacle than a benefit to women |
小题4:It can be inferred from the passage that people"s views on beauty are often________.| A．practical | B．prejudiced | C．oldfashioned | D．pessimistic |
小题5:The author writes this passage to________.| A．demand equal rights for women | | B．emphasize the importance of appearance | | C．discuss the negative aspects of being attractive | | D．give advice to jobseekers who are attractive |
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