We do not know exactly how many whales there are in the sea because we can’t cou
题型：不详难度：来源：
We do not know exactly how many whales there are in the sea because we can’t count them. But we believe at the beginning of the eighteenth century there were 105,000 humpback whales and 120,000 right whales. At the beginning of the twentieth century there were 75,000 humpbacks and 80,000 rights.
Since 1900 their numbers have fallen very quickly. Between 1935 and 1950 the number of humpbacks fell from 20,000 to 10,000 and since 1950 the number has fallen to only 6,000. The number of right whales has fallen even faster. In 1935 there were 25,000. The number fell to 6,000 in 1950 and since 1950 the number has fallen to 4,000. Men have always been hunters. Thousands of whales have become victims(牺牲品). It’s time to do something to protect whales.
小题1:Which of the following is true?| A．We know the exact number of whales in the sea. | | B．It’s easy for us to count whales in the sea. | | C．We find it impossible to count whales in the sea. | | D．We don’t want to know how many whales there are in the sea. |
小题2:The number of right whales has fallen _______.| A．more slowly than that of humpback whales | | B．faster than that of humpback whales | | C．as slowly as that of humpback whales | | D．as fast as that of humpback whales |
小题3:The passage is mainly about _______.| A．the number of humpback whales | | B．the number of right whales | | C．hunting whales | | D．the necessity of protecting whales |
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答案
小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:D |
解析
本文通过对鲸历年来数量逐渐减少的统计，提醒人们保护鲸的重要性和迫切性。
【小题1 】C。推理判断题。从 We do not know exactly how many whales there are in the sea because we can’t count them可知答案为C。
小题2:B。事实细节题。从第2段的数据对比以及The number of right whales has fallen even faster可知答案为B。
小题3:D。主旨大意题。由原文最后一句 It’s time to do something to protect whales可知答案选D 。 |
举一反三
Before the early 1960’s people interested in the differing roles of the left and right hemispheres(半球) of the brain depended almost entirely on facts drawn from animal research, form studies of patients with one-sided brain damage. But it was possible to find out which brain hemisphere was most involved in speech and other functions in normal people by having them listen to two different words coming to the two ears at the same time. This became known as the “dichotic listening” procedure. When several word pairs are given in a row, people are unable to report them all, and most right-handers prefer to report, and report more correctly, words given to their right ears. This seems to be related to the fact that signals from the right ear, although sent to both hemispheres, are better sent to the left hemisphere which controls speech. People who have speech represented(回忆) in the right hemisphere, a very unusual occurrence even in left-handed people, more correctly report what their left ears hear.
In contrast to the right-ear advantage for speech, there is generally a left-ear advantage for another type of auditory(听觉的) signal: music. When right-handed people listen to melodic patterns they report them better from the left ear.
小题1:Which of the following would be the most proper title for the passage?| A．An Introduction to Speech Damage in Patients with Brain Damage. | | B．An Investigation into the Role of the Brain’s Hemispheres. | | C．An Analysis of Left and Right-handed People. | | D．An Examination of “Dichotic Listening”. |
小题2:The “dichotic listening” procedure could best be described as hearing _______.| A．two different words in the same ear twice | | B．the same word twice in the same ear | | C．two different words in different ears | | D．two different words twice in two ears |
小题3:according to the passage, right-handed people normally _______.| A．have better hearing in their both ears | | B．have little difficulty in reporting words given to their right ears | | C．are unable to report word pairs given to their left ears | | D．correctly report word pairs given in a row |
小题4:according to the passage, music is best appreciated when heard by _______.| A．the left ear of right-handers | | B．people with a left-ear advantage | | C．left-handers in their right ears | | D．right-handed people who understand melodic patterns |
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"Reduce, reuse and recycle, this familiar environmentalist slogan tells us how to reduce the amount of rubbish that ends up in landfills and waterways.
The concept is being used to deal with one possibly dangerous form of waste – electronic junk (电子垃圾), such as old computers, cell-phones, and televisions. But this process for managing e-waste may be used in an unscrupulous way more often than not used, a recent report suggests.
“A lot of these materials are being sent to developing nations under the excuse of reuse – to bridge the digital divide,” said Richard Gutierrez, a policy researcher.
One of the problems is that no one proves whether these old machines work before they hit the seaways. Because of this, the report says, e-waste is a growing problem in Lagos, Nigeria, and elsewhere in the developing world. Much of the waste ends up being thrown away along rivers and roads. Often it’s picked apart by poor people, who may face dangerous exposure to poisonous chemicals in the equipment.
Businessmen also pay workers a little money to get back materials such as gold and copper. This low-tech recovery process could expose workers and the local environment to many dangerous materials used to build electronics. According to Gutierrez, this shadow economy exists because the excuse of recycling and reusing electronics gives businessmen “a green passport” to ship waste around the globe. “Developing nations must take upon some of the responsibility themselves,” Gutierrez said. But, he added, “A greater portion of this responsibility should fall on the exporting state.”
China, for example, has become a dumping place for large amounts of e-waste. The nation is beginning to take action to stop the flow of dangerous materials across its borders. The Chinese government, after many years of denial, is finally beginning to take the lead.
小题1:The underlined word “unscrupulous” in Paragraph 1 probably means ________.| A．unsafe | B．tricky | C．wrong | D．immoral |
小题2:What does the fourth paragraph mainly discuss?| A．Old computers and TVs still work before they are sent abroad. | | B．Poor people break up e-waste to collect some valuable materials. | | C．A lot of e-waste is dumped in developing countries. | | D．The problem of e-waste is growing in developing countries. |
小题3:From what Gutierrez said we can learn that ________.| A．exporting countries should mainly be responsible for this problem. | | B．neither rich nor poor countries should be blamed for this problem | | C．developing countries should be responsible for this problem | | D．poor countries should blamed for this problem |
小题4:It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _______.| A．China has hidden a large amount of e-waste in many secret places | | B．China has greatly changed hre idea about the problem of e-waste | | C．China has prevented poisonous materials from entering China for a long time | | D．China is falling behind other countries in dealing with e-wast |
小题5:The passage mainly tells us that _______.| A．developing countries are facing serious environmental problems | | B．e-waste is a growing problem in developed countries | | C．e-waste is sent to developing countries under the excuse of reuse | | D．developing countries are making full use of e-waste |
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Few people would defend the Victorian attitude on children, but if you were a parent in those days, at least you knew where you stood: children were to be seen and not heard. Freud and his colleagues did away with all that and parents have been puzzled ever since. The child’s happiness is all- important, they say, but what about the parents’ happiness? Modern child-rearing manuals（抚养孩子手册）would never permit cruelty to children .The trouble is you are not allowed even to shout. Who knows what deep psychological(心理的)wounds you might cause? The poor child may never recover from the dreadful experience. So it is the parents that bend over backwards to avoid giving their children complex which a hundred years ago hadn’t even been heard of. Certainly, a child needs love, and a lot of it. But the excessive permissive(纵容) of modern parents is surely doing more harm than good.
Psychologists(心理学家) have succeeded in weakening parents confidence in their own authority. And it hasn’t taken children long to get wind of the fact. In addition to the great modern classics on child care, there are countless articles in magazines and newspapers. With so much advice flying about, mum and dad just don’t know what to do any more. In the end, they do nothing at all. So, from early childhood, the kids are in charge and parents’ lives are regulated according to the needs of their kids. When the little dears develop into teenagers, they take complete control. Lack of authority over the years makes teenagers rebellion against parents all the more violent. If the young people are going to have a party, for example, parents are asked to leave the house. Their presence merely spoils the fun. What else can the poor parents do but obey?
小题1:The author says that today’s parents _______.| A．are bombarded with excessive amounts of child-care literature. | | B．draw a distinction between permissiveness and carelessness. | | C．are only towards children from happy home backgrounds. | | D．weigh their children’s knowledge rather than intelligence. |
小题2:The phrase “get wind of” (Para.2) most likely means _______ .| A．become used to | B．try to avoid | | C．realize | D．become puzzled of |
小题3:Which of the following can be inferred from this passage?| A．Victorian child rearing is a model for parents to follow. | | B．Psychologists have much to answer for today’s problems on child care. | | C．With the help of so much advice, raising children is easier than ever. | | D．Parents like to enjoy the freedom when there is a party in the house. |
小题4:What’s the main idea of this passage?| A．The excessive permissiveness of today’s parents is harmful to children. | | B．Psychologists shouldn’t interfere so much with child care. | | C．Parents should hold the Victorian attitudes towards children. | | D．Children are too sensitive to be hurt. |
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For thousands of years, man has enjoyed the taste of apples. Apples, which are about 85 percent water, grow almost everywhere in the world but the hottest and coldest areas (地区). Among the leading countries in apple production are China, France and the United States.
There are various kinds of apples, but a very few make up the majority of those grown for sale. The three most common kinds grown in the United States are Delicious, golden Delicious, and McIntosh.
Apples are different in colour, size, and taste. The colour of the skin may be red, green, or yellow. They have various sizes, with Delicious apples being among the largest. The taste may be sweet or tart (酸的). Generally, sweet apples are eaten fresh while tart apples are used to make applesauce (苹果酱).
Apple trees may grow as tall as twelve metres. They do best in areas that have very cold winters. Although no fruit is yielded during the winter, this cold period is good for the tree.
小题1:It can be learned from the text that Delicious apples are _______________| A．grown in France. | B．sold everywhere. | | C．very big. | D．quite sweet. |
小题2:Cold winter weather is good for _______________| A．the growth of apple trees. | | B．producing large apples. | | C．improving the taste of apples. | | D．the increase of water in apples. |
小题3:China, France and the United States are considered to _______________| A．be large producers of apples. | | B．be large producers of applesauce. | | C．have the longest history in apple production. | | D．have the coldest winter among apple producing countries. |
小题4:The word yielded in the last sentence means _______________| A．improved. | B．increased. | | C．produced. | D．sold. |
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American’s genius with high technology may have put men on the moon, but there is growing doubt about its ability to solve human problems closer to home.
In fact, a slight but significant change from purely technological solutions is already under way as scientists insist that answers to the world’s problems will not come from an attractive exhibition of electronics and machines. Instead, as they see it, solutions must develop from a better understanding of the humans that drive the system and from a fuller appreciation of the limits and potential(潜能) of the earth’s resources.
What this means is an increased emphasis on the life and earth sciences, on sociology, psychology, economics and even philosophy.
More and more of the best minds in science, particularly young researchers, are being drawn into these developing fields.
All this is not to say that technological creativity will not play a critical role in solving energy and food shortages, or that answers to environmental difficulties will not come from further advances in the same technologies that may have helped cause the problems.
Where the real challenge lies, in the view of the new generation of scientists, is in finding ways to produce goods and meet the world’s needs, using less of the raw materials that are becoming short.
小题1:Which of the following would the author probably agree with?| A．The environment crisis will not be solved unless we stop using virgin（原始）materials. | | B．In scientific research, a higher priority（优先）should be given to understanding all living systems. | | C．Exploration of outer space will finally lead to an improvement on human living conditions. | | D．U. S. high-technology companies are welcoming this new change in scientific research. |
小题2:Which of the following best expresses the main idea?| A．a growing number of Americans are doubtful about what high technology can do in solving the world’s problems. | | B．Many scientists are beginning to believe that the better understanding of human beings will play a more decisive role in solving the world’s problems. | | C．More and more young scientists are trying their best to find new ways to solve the world’s problems. | | D．Technological creativity will still play a very important part in solving the world’s problems. |
小题3:Young scientists demand that in order to satisfy human needs ________.| A．existing products be improved. | | B．more complex machines and electronic equipment be designed. | | C．ways be found to produce better goods using fewer raw materials. | | D．any new invention and innovation be encouraged in technology |
小题4:In the passage “Human problems” or “world problems” refers mainly to ______.| A．global food shortage | B．resources depletion（耗尽） | | C．environmental pollution | D．all of the above |
小题5:The author states all the following CXCEPT that _______.| A．the development of present techniques cannot provide any answers to today’s problems. | | B．an increasing number of young scientists are taking a great interest in biological and social sciences. | | C．many scientists have come to understand the limits of natural resources. | | D．many scientists argue that high technology is something but not everything. |
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