(2013·高考安徽卷，B)Using too much water or throwingrubbish into our rivers are clear

题型：不详难度：来源：

(2013·高考安徽卷，B)Using too much water or throwingrubbish into our rivers are clear ways that humans can put our water supply in danger，but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways.You may wonder how paving(铺砌) a road can lead to less useable fresh water.A major part of the water we use every day is groundwater.Groundwater does not come from lakes or rivers.It comes from underground.The more roads and parking lots we pave，the less water can flow into the ground to become groundwater.
Human activity is not responsible for all water shortages(短缺)．Drier climates are of course more likely to have droughts(干旱) than areas with more rainfall，but in any case，good management can help to make sure there is enough water to meet our basic needs.
Thinking about the way we use water every day can make a big difference，too.In the United States，a family of four can use 1.5 tons of water a day! This shows how much we depend on water to live，but there’s a lot we can do to lower the number.
You can take steps to save water in your home.To start with，use the same glass for your drinking water all day.Wash it only once a day.Run your dishwasher (洗碗机)only when it is full.Help your parents fix any leaks in your home.You can even help to keep our water supply clean by recycling batteries instead of throwing them away.
小题1:Which of the following is most likely to lead to less groundwater?

A．Using river water.

B．Throwing batteries away.

C．Paving parking lots.

D．Throwing rubbish into lakes.

小题2:What can be inferred from the text?

A．All water shortages are due to human behavior.

B．It takes a lot of effort to meet our water needs.

C．There is much we can do to reduce family size.

D．The average family in America makes proper use of water.

小题3:The last paragraph is intended to________.

A．show us how to fix leaks at home

B．tell us how to run a dishwasher

C．prove what drinking glass is best for us

D．suggest what we do to save water at home

小题4:The text is mainly about________.

A．Why paving roads reduces our water

B．how much we depend on water to live

C．why droughts occur more in dry climates

D．how human activity affects our water supply

答案

小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:D
小题4:D

解析

本文为一篇议论文。文章讨论的是人类活动对于水供应的隐性影响。
小题1:解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“The more roads and parking lots we pave，the less water can flow into the ground to become groundwater.”可知选C项。
小题2:解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第二段首句“Human activity is not responsible for all water shortages(短缺)．”可排除A项。根据第三段最后一句“This shows how much we depend on water to live.but there’s a lot we can do to lower the number.”可知D项不正确。本文强调的是减少用水量，而不是家庭的人数，故C项错误。根据全文的内容可推知，水浪费、水污染和水需求不断增长，解决水短缺问题需要付出大量的努力。故选B项。
小题3:解析：选D。写作意图题。最后一段首句“You can take steps to save water in your home.”为主题句，接下来从四个方面就steps进行了展开，即四个方法或措施。显然，本段主要是讨论我们在家里如何节约用水。故选D项。
小题4:解析：选D。主旨大意题。本文为议论文，文章开门见山直入主题：...clear ways that humans can put our water supply in danger，but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways.讨论的是人类对于水供应的显性和隐性影响。第二段首句“Human activity is not responsible for all water shortages(短缺)．”似乎将话题转入自然方面的原因，但接下来的“but in any case，good management can help to make sure there is enough water to meet our basic needs”又将话题转回到人类自身方面——管理。第三段中的“Thinking about the way we use water every day can make a big difference，too.”以及第四段中的“You can take steps to save water in your home.”均指向的是人类行为对于水供应的影响。故选D项。