If you are a high school senior graduating and looking to enter college in 2006,
题型：不详难度：来源：
The biggest change to the SAT (美国学术能力倾向测验) will be the introduction of a new writing section. The writing section will consist of two parts: an essay and a multiple-choice section. Students will be given 25 minutes to respond to a prompt (提示) and construct a well-organized essay that effectively deals with the task. The essay question may require students to complete a statement, to react to a quote, or to agree or disagree with a point of view. In any case, a good essay will support the chosen position with specific reasons and examples from literature, history, art, science, current affairs, or even a student"s own experiences.
Essays will be scored based on the procedures for the current SAT II: Writing Test. Essays will be graded by two independent readers On a scale of 1～6, and their two scores will be combined to form an essay subscore that ranges from 2 to 12. Should the readers" scores vary by more than 2 points, a third reader will score the essay; The readers will be high school teachers and college professors who teach composition. To ensure that essays will be scored in a timely manner, they will be scanned and made available to readers on the Internet for grading purpose.
The writing section will also include multiple-choice grammar and usage questions. Some of these questions will call upon students to improve given sentences and paragraphs. Others will present students with sentences and require them to identify mistakes in diction (措辞), grammar, sentence construction, subject-verb agreement, proper word usage.
The highest possible score on the new writing section will be 800. Scores on the essay and multiple-choice section will be combined to produce a single score. A writing subscore will also be assigned. The highest possible scores on the Critical Reading and Math sections will remain 800 each, making 2,400 a perfect score on the new SAT.
小题1:Which parts are included in the writing section of SAT according to the passage?
| A．Essay and multiple-choice. | B．Essay and critical writing. |
| C．Multiple-choice and math. | D．Multiple-choice and literature. |
| A．application of the Internet in scoring the essay |
| B．relationship between high tech and testing |
| C．cheating in the essay scoring procedure |
| D．the scoring procedure of the essay |
| A．The SAT is designed for high school seniors wishing to enter a college. |
| B．The writer criticized the multiple-choice in the SAT. |
| C．Good specific examples are encouraged in essay writing. |
| D．The SAT consists of the Critical Reading, Math and the Writing sections. |
| A．The new SAT scoring. | B．Language testing reform. |
| C．College entrance exam reform. | D．The new writing section of SAT. |
答案
小题1:A
小题2:D
小题3:B
小题4:D
解析
小题1:细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句可得知，美国改革后的SAT考试的写作部分包括两部分，即短文写作和多项选择题。随后，作者介绍了短文写作和多项选择题的具体考试内容和要求。
小题2:主旨大意题。第三段主要介绍了短文写作试卷的阅卷程序，如为了提高评分信度而采取的两人阅卷并在两人始分悬殊超过两档时引入第三人判卷，以及利用网上阅卷技术等。A；项不全面，仅是本段的一个细节，C项有较大的干扰性，但是文章并没有提及阅卷人在阅卷过程中有舞弊等违规行为，本段不是旨在阐述高科技和测试之间的关系，故B项也不对。
小题3:细节理解题．作者在文章中没有就多项选择题发表自己的评论，故选B。其他各项在文章中都可找到依据。
小题4:主旨大意题．注意选择标题的原则是标题应该恰当地囊括文章主要内容。此文主要介绍了美国新的SAT考试的写作部分的变化，故迭D。
举一反三
Happiness and sadness are states of being that define the way we view the world. It is often said that some people by nature have a sunny character. Now scientists may have discovered why.
Some people may be born for happiness, while others are genetically negative, scientists have suggested in a study published late February in a British journal.
Earlier research had already established that the gene known as 5-HTTLPR plays a key role in determining how the neurotransmitter (神经传递素) serotonin (含于血液中的复合胺) works within the brain. Serotonin, a hormone (荷尔蒙), passes chemical messages between nerve cells. It has been closely linked to mood. Several anti-depressant (抗抑郁) drugs regulate serotonin levels. Scientists had also identified three variants (变体) of the gene. Two so-called "short" variants were linked to a higher risk of depression and suicide attempts. Unlike the two "short" variants, the "long" variant of 5-HTTLPR showed a clear dislike of negative images, such as fierce animals, and a clear liking for positive ones, such as flowers.
Researchers from the University of Essex in Britain, led by Elaine Fox, showed participants a series of images. The images were divided into three kinds: negative ones aimed at inspiring fear or stress such as a spider or person about to commit suicide, pleasant ones and neutral (中性的) ones. The participants who had the long variant of the 5-HTTLPR gene "showed a clear dislike of negative material alongside a careful attention for positive material," the researchers found. They paid close attention to the pretty pictures, and ignored the frightening ones. On the other hand, the short variant groups had the opposite reaction.
In January, the Australian government organized "happiness workshops", teaching government staff how to be happy. The department that held the "happiness workshops" said unhappy staff weren"t productive staff. Australian political opposition parties have argued that the "happiness workshops" are probably a waste of money and couldn"t increase productivity as intended. However, whether the workshop will have a happy or disappointing result, we will have to wait and see.
1. For the passage,by what means can we view the world?
A. Happiness and sadness. B. Happiness and curiosity.
C. Sadness and amazement. D. Disappointment and sadness.
2. What is most important in the role of deciding how the the neurotransmitter serotonin works within the brain?
A. The gene known as 5-HTTLPR. B. Three variants.
C. Neurotransmitter serotonin . D. A hormone.
3 Which of the following sentences is WRONG?
A. Serotonin, a hormone within the brain., passes chemical messages between nerve cells, which has been closely linked to mood.
B. Scientists identified the two "short" variants, and the "long" variant of 5-HTTLPR which showed a clear hatred of negative images, such as fierce animals.
C. Scientists identified three variants of the gene. Two so-called "long" variants were linked to a higher risk of depression and murder attempts.
D. In terms of researchers’ research, the images were divided into three kinds: negative ones, pleasant ones and neutral ones.
4. Why did the Australian government organize “Happiness workshops”?
A. To enrich staff’s free life.
B. To teach staff the ways to be happy.
C. To prove the result of the researchers’ research.
D. To test who weren’t productive staff.
5. What is the
result of setting up “Happiness workshops” according to the last paragraph?A. A waste of money.
B. No effect on increasing productivity.
C. A disappointing result .
D. An uncertain result.
Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters. Others are severe (严格的) over time of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child"s own happiness.
As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality (道德). Also, parents should realize that "example is better than precept". If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach (说教), their children may grow confused when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled.
A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents" principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.
小题1: Eagerly watching the child"s acquisition of new skills, ___________.
| A．should be avoided |
| B．is universal among parents |
| C．sets up dangerous states of worry in the child |
| D．will make the child lose interest in learning new things |
| A．should encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they read |
| B．should expect a lot of the children |
| C．should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own |
| D．should create as many learning opportunities as possible |
| A．parents should be strict with their children |
| B．parental controls reflect only the values of the community |
| C．parental restrictions vary, and are not always for the benefit of the children alone |
| D．it"s parents" and society"s duty to control the children |
| A．opinion | B．punishment | C．behavior | D．instruction |
| A．follow the rules themselves |
| B．be aware of the huge difference between adults and children |
| C．forbid their children to follow hook teachings |
| D．always ensure the security of their children |
But Lucien, the stars are still there, and one day, when you are older and your tears have gone, you will see them again. And, in a strange way, I expect that you will find your father is there too, in your mind and in your heart. I find that my parents, long dead now, still figure in many of my dreams and that I think of them perhaps more than I ever did when they were alive. I still live to please them and I’m still surprised by their reactions. I remember that when I became a professor, I was so proud, or rather so pleased with myself, that I couldn’t wait to cable my parents. The reply was a long time in coming, but when it did, all mother said was, "I hope this means that now you will have more time for the children.” I haven’t forgotten. The values of my parents still live on.
It makes me pause and think about how I will live on in the hearts and minds of my children and of those for whom I care. Would I have been as ready as Philip Lawrence have been to face the aggressors (挑衅者),and to lay down my life for those in my care? How many people would want me back for Christmas? It’s a serious thought, one to give me pause.
I pray silently, sometimes, in the dead of night, that ancient cry of a poet "Deliver my soul from the sword, and my darling from the power of the dog." Yet I know the death comes to us all, and sometimes comes suddenly. We must therefore plan to live forever, but live as if we will die tomorrow. We live on, in the lives of those we loved, and therefore we ought to have a care for what they will remember and what they will treasure. If more parents knew this in their hearts to be true, there might be fewer knives on our streets today.
小题1:according to the whole text we can see that the first paragraph ________.
| A．puts forward the subject of the text |
| B．shows the author’s pity on the kid |
| C．acts as an introduction to the discussion |
| D．makes a clear statement of the author’s views |
| A．how much he misses his parents now |
| B．why his parents often appear in his dreams |
| C．when Lucien will get over all his sadness |
| D．how proud he was when he succeeded in life |
| A．Proud. | B．Happy. | C．Disappointed. | D．Worried. |
| A．to leave behind a precious memory to the people related |
| B．to have a high sense of duty to the whole society |
| C．to care what others will remember and treasure |
| D．to share happiness and sadness with his family |
| A．Call on criminals and murderers to lay down their guns. |
| B．Advise parents stay with their children safely at home. |
| C．Spend every day meaningfully in memory of the death. |
| D．Try to keep violence and murder far away from society. |
All the friends invited were a little surprised. It’s not that Ben is unsociable, or a bad cook, but it’s just that he never 21more than he has to. So how come he was inviting us round for a meal? Had he bought something 22for his friends? He greeted us at the door and showed us into his dining room where a 23_ -table was waiting for us.“Nothing but the best for my friends!”said Ben. We all sat down and looked 24 at each other—what was he up to?
Ben returned with four bowls of hot soup.“It’s a mixture of carrots, potatoes and tomatoes,”said Ben. The next 25was also a little strange in that we didn’t quite know what it was again. It’s just another mixture of vegetable.
As we ate we chatted and finally the 26 turned back to what we were eating.“Was there a recipe(食谱) for this,”asked Marina,“or did you 27 it up?”Ben put his fork down.“What I cooked depended on what I could find.”Marina was surprised.“But you can find anything in supermarkets these days.”“But there’s 28 choice in what you can find outside supermarkets,”he replied.
Seeing that we had all finished the food, Ben decided to tell the truth. He had read recently that supermarkets usually throw away 5 percent of their food every day. So Ben decided to look inside his local supermarket bins. There he found food that was slightly out of __29, boxes of throw-away vegetables and fruit.
So Ben had successfully provided a decent(体面的) meal for his friends, and made us aware of the fact that there are many poor people who need the food, but the amount of food thrown away is enough to 30 millions of people.
21.A.takes B. spends C. uses D. does
22.A.cheap B. special C. practical D. usual
23.A.new B. separate C. booked D. laid
24.A.nervously B. carefully C. sadly D. happily
25.A.course B. food C. soup D. salad
26.A.dinner B. idea C. food D. subject
27.A.pick B. look C. make D. take
28.A.less B. more C. some D. any
29.A.order B. place C. season D. date
30.A.enrich B. please C. affect D. feed
Isabelle Dinoire is someone who can answer all of these questions honestly and openly.
Last November Isabelle was attacked and mauled by her own dog. The attack was so severe that her lower face was damaged; it seemed, almost beyond repair. She was rushed to hospital and became the first person ever to have a face transplant.
With such severe injuries doctors offered Isabelle little hope that they would be able to repair the damage to her face using conventional surgery.
Shortly after being admitted, she came to the attention of Dr Bernard Devauchelle who, unlike other surgeons, believed there was an alternative: "We found ourselves saying, yes, it"s clear this woman needs a transplant," he said.
Two days after the operation she saw her face in the mirror for the first time. She said "I was scared to look at myself, but when I did it was already marvelous and I couldn"t believe it. I thought it would be blue and swollen but it was already beautiful."
Now, less than a year after her 15 hour operation, she’s trying to rebuild her life and there is no doubt how she feels about her new face: "I have been saved. Lots of people write saying that I need to go on, that it"s wonderful. It"s a miracle somehow."
Although there were ethical questions raised about their decision to carry out the procedure, the doctors who operated on Isabelle are quick to defend their decision.
One of them said "Was it possible for her to live without a face? It"s easy to say we shouldn"t have done the operation, but her life has changed, she goes shopping, goes on holiday, she lives again."
小题1: What would be the best title of the passage?
| A．The first face transplant | B．A successful face operation |
| C．The most severe damaged face | D．The breakthrough of surgery |
| A．tell the story about Isabelle Dinoire | B．show a severe face damage event |
| C．draw the readers’ attention to the topic | D．invite the readers to answer them |
| A．she was too shocked to see herself in the mirror |
| B．she was satisfied with the result of the operation |
| C．she thought her damaged face couldn’t be repaired |
| D．she looked more beautiful than before |
| A．It seemed that it was impossible to recover Isabelle’s face using face transplant |
| B．After operation Isabelle thought she looked beautiful and rebuilt her life again |
| C．Some doctors had no better idea to repair the damage to Isabelle’s face |
| D．It was Dr Bernard Devauchelle who came up with the idea of face transplant |
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