Language learning begins with listening. Children are greatly different in the a

Language learning begins with listening. Children are greatly different in the a

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Language learning begins with listening. Children are greatly different in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking, and later starters are often long listeners. Most children will “obey” spoken instructions some time before they can speak, though the word “obey” is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the child. Before they can speak, many children will also ask questions by gesture and by making questioning noises. Any attempt to study the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties. It is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves as particularly expressive as delight, pain, friendliness, and so on. But since these can’t be said to show the baby’s intention to communicate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to add new words to their store. This self-imitation(模仿)leads on to deliberate(有意的)imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech. It is a problem we need to get out. The meaning of a word depends on what a particular person means by it in a particular situation and it is clear that what a child means by a word will change as he gains more experience of the world .Thus the use at seven months of “mama” as a greeting for his mother cannot be dismissed as a meaningless sound simply because he also uses it at other times for his father, his dog, or anything else he likes. Playful and meaningless imitation of what other people say continues after the child has begun to speak for himself, I doubt, however whether anything is gained when parents take advantage of this ability in an attempt to teach new sounds.
1.. Before children start speaking,what is greatly different?________.
A. the amount of listening     
B. a number of listening
C. the sound of listening
D. the meaning of listening
2. starters are often long listeners, the sentence means one can ________.
A. be hard to speak fluently
B. begin to speak quickly
C. start with listening
D. often take a long time in learning to listen properly
3. these can not be said to show a baby’s intention to speak, these refer to  ________.
A. pain   
B. happiness
C. kindness
D. above of all
4. according to the writer, we can draw a conclusion that  ________.
A. children are fond of imitating
B. these imitation can be considered as speech
C. children get more experience of the world
D. children’s use  of  words are often meaningless when a child is six months, he
5. When a child is six months, he can  ________.
A. call his mama
B. imitate many languages
C. store new words
D. play with sounds
答案
1-5 ADDAC
解析
本文讲语言学习从听开始,听得越多,讲得越好。婴儿起初的声音不算语言,而是一种情感的表达。但从何时开始算语言并不重要,因为这个转变是个渐变过程。孩子即使开始讲话,他们始终还是喜欢模仿。
1. A 细节题。由文章开头第二句可知。
2. D 细节题。由文章第二句中and later starters are often long listeners可知,开始讲话越晚,学听的时间就越长。
3. D 细节题。根据文章第八句可知答案。
4.A 细节题。根据文章由最后一句的前半句可以推断出,孩子始终喜欢模仿
5. C 句意理解题,文章第十一句可推断出答案。
举一反三
When I met him, I had a lot of anger inside of me. I’ve lived my whole life in Spanish Harlem, but in my neighborhood, there are shoot-ups all the time. I know kids who have been shot or beaten up. I have friends who ended up in prison. I could have ended up that way, too, but Mr. Clark wouldn’t let that happen.
Mr. Clark worked long hours, making sure I did my work. My grades rose. In fact, the scores of our whole class rose. One day, he took our class to see The Phantom of the Opera, and it was the first time some kids had ever been out of Harlem. Before the show, he treated us to dinner at a restaurant and taught us not to talk with our mouths full. We did not want to let him down
Mr. Clark was selected as Disney’s 2000 Teacher of the Year. He said he would draw three names out of a hat; those students would go with him to Los Angeles to get the award. But when the time came to draw names, Mr. Clark said, “You’re all going.”   
On graduation day, there were a lot of tears. We didn’t want his class to end. In 2001, he moved to Atlanta, but he always kept in touch. He started giving lectures about education, and wrote a bestselling book based on his classroom rules, The Essential 55. In 2003,
Mr. Clark took some of us on a trip to South Africa to deliver school supplies and visit the orphanages(孤儿院). It was the most amazing experience of my life. It’s now my dream to one day start a group of women’s clubs, helping people from all backgrounds.
Without Mr. Clark, the writer         .
A. might have been put into prison
B. might not have won the prize
C. might have joined a women’s club
D. might not have moved to Atlanta
The Essential 55 is_____________
A. a show                                          B. a speech
C. a classroom rule                             D. a book
How many students’ names were finally drawn out of a hat by Mr. Clark?
A. None                B. Three                C. Fifty-five.        D. All.
What can we learn in the short reading?
A. It was in Harlem that we saw The Phantom of the Opera for the first time.
B. Mr. Clark taught us not to talk with our mouths full, and we did.
C. Mr. Clark was selected as Disney’s 2000 Teacher of the Year in Los Angeles.
D. In 2003, Mr. Clark moved to Atlanta, and he always kept in touch with us.
In the passage, the writer intends to tell us that         .
A. Mr. Clark went to South Africa because he liked travelling
B. Mr. Clark helped to set up a group of women’s clubs
C. a good teacher can help raise his or her students’ scores
D. a good teacher has a good influence on his or her students
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In June, 2007, a group of students from eight high schools in Winnipeg, the capital of Canada’s Manitoba province, will begin test-launching (试发射) a satellite the size of a Rubik’s cube.
The one-kilogram Win-Cub satellite, named for its home city and its shape, will be put into low orbit. Once in space, it can perform for a few months or up to several years, communicating information that could help find the signs of earthquakes.
There are 80 similar satellite projects worldwide, but this is the first high-school based program of its kind in Canada. 30 Manitoba high school students are having a hand in designing and building the satellite, in cooperation with aerospace (航空航天的) experts and 10 students from the University of Manitoba, and with support from two other organizations.
The Win-Cube project is not something that goes on a piece of paper; it is real-world engineering, allowing high school students to have an opportunity to learn more about the exciting world of engineering through their participation in this challenging program. It is also taken as a wonderful example of the unique partnerships within Manitoba. Designing, building and launching a satellite with high-school participation will bring this world-class educational project into reality and Manitoba closer to space
“These Manitoba high school students deserve congratulations for their enthusiasm, innovation (创新), and a strong love for discovery,” said Education, Citizenship and Youth Minister Peter Bjomson. “We want to make science more relevant, interesting and attractive to high school students by showing them how classroom studies can relate to practical experience in the workplace or, in this case, in space,” Bjomson added. 
The Win-Cube program is mainly named at inspiring a strong desire for discovery on the part of the students. It also shows Manitoba’s devotion to research and innovation and the development of a skilled workforce—all important drivers of knowledge-based economic growth.
1. According to the passage, the Win-Cube satellite is        .
A. named after Manitoba and its shape               
B. intended for international communication
C. designed like a Rubik’s cube both in shape and size 
D. challenged by university students around the world
2. According to Mr. Bjomson,        .
A. those Manitoba high school students are worth praising
B. the study of space can be practically made in classrooms
C. Manitoba high schools are famous for the study of space
D. scientific research is too far away from high school students
3. The primary purpose of the project is to        .
A. find the early signs of earthquakes            
B. relate studies to practical
C. help high school students study real-world engineering
D. inspire a strong desire for discovery among the students
4. Which of the following statements is WRONG?
A. In Canada there are 80 similar satellite programs in all.
B. These students will have an opportunity to learn more about engineering through the project.
C. These high school will have a strong love for discovery and be interested in science.
D. This Win-Cube program is very successful in Canada.
5. The best title for this passage may be        .
A. Manitoba School                        B. Win-Cube Program
C. Space Co-operation                       D. Satellite Launching
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America is a country on the move. In unheardof numbers, people of all ages are exercising  their way to better health. According to the latest figures, 4 percent of American adults exercise regularly-up 12 percent from just two years ago and more than double the figure of 25 years ago. Even non-exercisers believe they would be more attractive and confident if they were more active.
It is hard not to get the message. The virtues of physical fitness are shown on magazine covers, postage stamps, and television ads of everything from beauty soaps to travel books. Exercise as a part of daily life did not catch on until the late 195s when research by military doctors began to show the health benefits of doing regular physical exercises. Growing publicity (宣传) for races held in American cities helped fuel a strong interest in the ancient sport of running. Although running has leveled off in recent years as Americans have discovered equally rewarding-and sometimes safer-forms of exercise, such as walking and swimming, running remains the most popular form of exercise.
As the popularity of exercise continues to mount, so does scientific evidence of its health benefits. The key to fitness is exercising the major muscle groups vigorously (强有力地) enough to approximately double the heart rate and keep it doubled for 20 to 30 minutes at a time. Doing such physical exercises three times or more a week will produce considerable improvements in physical health in about three months.
5.It can be learnt from the passage that the health benefits of exercise .
A.are to be further studied                     B.are selfevident
C.are yet to be proved                         D.are supported by scientific evidence
6.A growing interest in sports developed after___________ .
A.an increasing number of races were held in American cities
B.research showed their health benefits
C.scientific evidence of health benefits was shown on TV ads
D.people got the message from magazine covers and postage stamps
7.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A.Exercise-The Road to Health                 B.Scientific Evidence of Health Benefits
C.Different Forms of Exercise                  D.Running-A Popular Form of Sport
8.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the phrase “leveled off” in the paragraph 2?
A.“reached its lowest level in popularity”         B.“stopped being popular”
C.“stopped increasing in popularity”             D.“become very popular”
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If you look for a book as a present for a child. You will be spoiled for choice even in a year there is no new Harry Patten J.K Powling’s wizard is not alone the past decade has been a harvest for good children’s books, which has set off a large quantity of films and an increased sales of classics such as The lard of the Rings.
Yet despite that , reading is increasingly unpopular among children. According to statistics in 1997 23% said they didn’t like reading in all. In 2003, 35% did . And around 6% of children leave primary school each year unable to read properly.
Maybe the decline is caused by the increasing availability of computes games. Maybe the books boom has affected only the top of the educational pile. Either way, Chancellor Cordon Brown plans to change things for the bottom of the class. In his pre-budget report, he announced the national project of Reading Recovery to help the children struggling most.
Reading Recovery is wined at six year olds, who receive four months of individual daily half-hour classes with a specially trained teacher. An evaluation either this year reported that children on the school made 20 months’ progress in just one year, whereas similarly weak readers without special help made just five months’ progress, and so ended the year even further below the level expected for their age.    
International research tends to find that when British children leave primacy school they read well, but read text often for fun than those elsewhere. Reading for fun matters because children who are been on reading can report lifelong pleasure and loving books is an excellent indicator of future educational success. According to the OECD, being a regular and enthusiastic reader is of great advantage
小题1:Which of the following is true of Paragraph 1?
A.Marry children’s books have been adapted from films.
B.Marry high-quality children’s books have been published.
C.The sales of classics have led to the popularity of films.
D.The sales of presents for children have increased.
小题2:Statistics suggested that        .  
A.the number of top students increased with the use of computers
B.a decreasing number of children showed interest in reading
C.a minority of primacy school children read properly
D.a huge percentage of children read regularly
小题3:What do we know about Reading Recovery?
A.An evaluation of it will be made sometime this year.
B.Weak readers on the project were the most hardworking.
C.It aims to train special teachers to help children with reading.
D.Children on the project showed noticeable progress in reading.
小题4:Reading for fun is important because book-loving children _______.
A.take greater advantage of the project
B.show the potential to enjoy a long life
C.are likely to succeed in their education.
D.would make excellent future researchers
小题5:The aim of this text would probably be _______.
A.to overcome primary school pupils reading difficulty.
B.to encourage the publication of more children’s books
C.to remind children of the importance of reading for fun
D.to introduce a way to improve early children reading

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The traditional tent cities at festivals such as Glastonbury may never be the same again. In a victory of green business that is certain to appeal to environmentally-aware music-lovers, a design student is to receive financial support to produce eco-friendly tents made of cardboard that can be recycled after the bands and the crowds have gone home.
Major festivals such as Glastonbury throw away some 10,000 abandoned tents at the end of events each year. For his final year project at the University of the West of England, James Dunlop came up with a material that can be recycled. And to cope with the British summer, the cardboard has been made waterproof.
Taking inspiration from a Japanese architect, who has used cardboard to make big buildings including churches, Mr. Dunlop used cardboard material for his tents, which he called Myhabs.
The design won an award at the annual New Designers Exhibition after Mr. Dunlop graduated from his product design degree and he decided to try to turn it into a business
To raise money for the idea, he toured the city’s private companies which fund new business and found a supporter in the finance group Mint. He introduced his idea to four of Mint’s directors and won their support. Mint has committed around £500,000 to MyHabs and taken a share of 30 per cent in Mr. Dunlop’s business. The first Myhabs should be tested at festivals this summer, before being marketed fully next year.
Mr. Dunlop said that the design, which accommodates two people, could have other uses, such as for disaster relief and housing for the London Olympics.
For music events, the cardboard houses will be ordered online and put up at the sites by the Myhabs team before the festival-goers arrive and removed by the company afterwards. They can be personalized and the company will offer reductions on the expense if people agree to sell exterior (外部的) advertising space. 
The biggest festivals attract tens of thousands of participants, with Glastonbury having some 150,000 each year. Altogether there are around 100 annual music festivals where people camp in the UK. The events are becoming increasingly environmentally conscious.
11. “Eco-friendly tents” in paragraph 1 refer to tents _______.
A. economically desirable  B. favorable to the environment
C. for holding music performances1   D. designed for disaster relief
12. Mr. Dunlop established his business        .
A. independently with an interest-free loan from Mint
B. with the approval of the City’s administration
C. in partnership with a finance group
D. with the help of a Japanese architect
13. It is implied in the passage that _______.
A. the weather in the UK is changeable in summer 
B. most performances at British festivals are given in the open air
C. the cardboard tents produced by Mr. Dunlop can be user-tailored
D. cardboard tents can be easily put up and removed by users.
14. The passage is mainly concerned with        .
A. an attempt at developing recyclable tents
B. some efforts at making full use of cardboards
C. an unusual success of a graduation project
D. the effects of using cardboard tents on music festivals
15. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A. Don’t Use Tents Again
B. The Advantages of Tents
C. How to Produce Tents
D. The Development of Recyclable Tents
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