Text messaging, or simply “texting”, with allows people to send and receive mess
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The advantages of texting are obvious. Texting helps to save money. If you have a few words to greet your families and friends on their birthdays or on some important festivals, sending messages can be cheaper than phone calling. Texting helps to save time. Even if you want to send a message to 100 people, you can do it one second. Texting helps you to “talk” to someone when he is too busy to answer the phone. Texting can also help you to “talk” to someone secretly if you don’t want others to hear what you are talking on the phone. These advantages are so amazing that many people are crazy about it. They hold mobile phones in hands all day long, send dozens of messages each day, and even text while driving or walking.
However, texting has its disadvantages. Junk messages may come into your mobile phone box now and then. When your phone box gets too full, you can’t receive any more messages. You may therefore miss some important information.
What’s more, if you don’t do texting properly, for example texting while driving or walking, it can be dangerous. It can cause injuries and even death. It was reported that about 6,000 people were killed and half a million were injured for this reason each year. In Fort Lee, a small town in New Jersey, USA, three people died because they walked into traffic while texting in 2011. Two researchers at Stony Brook University, New York found that texters are 60% more probably to have an accident than others. When people are texting, they don’t notice other people or things around them. To reduce traffic accidents, all drivers of the UN are now not allowed to text while driving. About 32 countries have passed laws restricting the use of mobile phones while driving.
Texting is a wonderful way of communication. However, only when we use it properly, can we fully enjoy the fun it brings.
小题1:How many advantages of texting are mentioned in the passage?| A．Two. | B．Three. | C．Four. | D．Five. |
小题2:What did the researchers at Stony Brook University find?| A．Texters are easier to have an accident. | | B．Texting is a good way of communication. | | C．6,000 people were killed and injured. | | D．Many people text to greet families and friends. |
小题3:The underlined word restricting probably means _________.| A．not telling | B．not allowing | C．enjoying | D．making |
小题4:This passage is written to tell us that __________.| A．we should do less texting | | B．texting has many advantages | | C．texting is better than phone calling | | D．we should do texting properly |
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答案
【答案】
小题1:C
小题2:A
小题3:B
小题4:D |
解析
试题分析：本文叙述了当今手机短消息发送变得很流行，详细介绍了它的优点和缺点。说明只有我们恰当地利用它，才能充分享受它带来的乐趣。
小题1:细节理解题。综观第二段可知发短信的优点有：1.省钱；2.省时间；3.能帮助你在对方太忙而无法回电话时跟他讲话；4.如果你不想让别人听到你的通话内容，它可以帮你秘密地通话。故选C。
小题2:细节理解题。根据“ Two researchers at Stony Brook University, New York found that texters are 60% more probably to have an accident than others. ”可知，他们发现爱发短信的人比别人出事的可能性大60%。故选A。
小题3:词义猜测题。根据本段前半部分叙述发短信易造成事故，和前一句“To reduce traffic accidents, all drivers of the UN are now not allowed to text while driving.”可知大约32个国家已经通过法律，不允许驾驶过程中用手机。故选B。
小题4:推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，本文是要告诉我们应当恰当地使用手机短信。故选D。
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举一反三
Why Doesn’t Anybody Copy Apple?
Apple’s products are the envy of the world. They have been spectacularly successful and are widely imitated, if not copied. The minute Apple crystallizes a product, everyone knows how to compete. This idea that the basis of competition is set by Apple and then the race is on to climb the path of improvement is unquestionable. When Apple releases a product that defines a category or dramatically changes the structure of an industry, it becomes obvious what needs to be built. But what I wonder is why everyone wants to copy Apple’s products but nobody wants to copy being Apple?
I can think of two reasons. Firstly, Apple is not worth copying because it’s not successful; secondly, Apple’s success cannot be copied because it is a magical process.
There is a great deal of evidence for the first hypothesis. The idea of Apple being successful is not something reflected in its stock price. Being valued lower than the average company in the S&P（标准普尔）500 indicates that to whatever degree Apple was successful in the past, it’s not seen by the vast majority of observers as successful in the future. Why should one bother copying Apple if it results in being punished with a low valuation? If one works really hard at innovation and then that innovation becomes commoditized（商品化）very quickly, why should one bother?
When innovation practitioners are asked what makes Apple successful,the answers regarding the cause of this success border on the mythical.The climax of this hypothesis is the “chief-sorcerer”theory of success which places one magician,like Steve Jobs,in charge of casting all the right spells（符咒）
What about Apple’s own opinion of what makes it tick? Tim Cook refers to a great team and integration of hardware, software and services as unique Apple advantages. It’s a better explanation. Integration is something that can take a long time, but it is possible with great effort. A few companies are starting to make moves in that direction, but efforts are half-hearted. There is no “move the Earth” panic to become an integrated company from Samsung, Google or Microsoft.
My own suspicion is that Apple is more aware of what makes it special than it lets out. However, as Tim points out, it’s not a formula. It’s complex, it’s subtle, but it’s not magic. It’s a process that requires a degree of faith and courage.
小题1:When a new product of Apple comes out, often it ______.| A．starts a revolution of an industry | | B．ruins an industry dramatically | | C．puts itself in an unbeatable position | | D．is soon overtaken by imitated products |
小题2:According to the passage, other companies don’t “copy being Apple” because ______.| A．Apple is not a successful company | | B．they have no access to relevant resources | | C．it’s hard to find a magician like Steve Jobs | | D．being Apple takes more than time and efforts |
小题3:We can infer from Para.5 that ______.| A．other companies are dedicated to integration | | B．Apple itself is fully aware of its unique advantages | | C．Apple will hold the leading position in this industry | | D．other companies don’t have a great team as Apple does |
小题4:What does the author think of Tim Cook’s statement?| A．Doubtful | B．Acceptable | | C．Unbelievable | D．Disappointing |
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Kong Zi, also called Confucius (551—479B.C.), and Socrates(苏格拉底) (469—399 B.C.) lived only a hundred years apart, and during their lifetimes there was no contact between China and Greece, but it is interesting to look at how the world that each of these great philosophers came from shaped their ideas, and how these ideas in turn, shaped their societies.
Neither philosopher lived in times of peace, though there were more wars in Greece than in China. The Chinese states were very large and feudal, while the Greek city-states were small and urban. The urban environment in which Socrates lived allowed him to be more radical (激进的) than Confucius. Unlike Confucius, Socrates was not asked by rulers how to govern effectively. Thus, Socrates was able to be more idealistic, focusing on issues like freedom, and knowledge for its own sake. Confucius, on the other hand, advised those in government service, and many of his students went out to government service.
Confucius suggested the Golden Rule as a principle for the conduct of life: "Do not do to others what you would not want others to do to you." He assumed that all men were equal at birth, though some had more potential than others, and that it was knowledge that set men apart. Socrates focused on the individual, and thought that the greatest purpose of man was to seek wisdom. He believed that the superior class should rule the inferior (下层的) classes.
For Socrates, the family was of no importance, and the community of little concern. For Confucius, however, the family was the centre of the society, with family relations considered much more important than political relations.
Both men are respected much more today than they were in their lifetimes.
小题1:Which of the following is TURE according to the first paragraph?| A．Socrates and Confucius had much in common | | B．Confucius had much influence on Socrates’ ideas. | | C．The societies were influenced by the philosophers’ ideas. | | D．There were cultural exchanges between China and Greece. |
小题2:Socrates shared with Confucius the idea that ________.
A. all men were equal when they were born
B. the lower classed should be ruled by the upper class
C. the purpose of man was to seek freedom and wisdom
小题3:What made some people different from others according to Confucius?| A．Family. | B．Potential. | C．Knowledge. | D．Community. |
小题4:This passage is organized in the pattern of ________.| A．time and events | B．comparison and contrast | | C．cause and effect | D．definition and classification |
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“The lift becomes this interesting social space where etiquette (礼仪) is sort of odd (奇怪的),” Gray told the BBC. “They [elevators] are socially very interesting but often very awkward places.”
We walk in and usually turn around to face the door. If someone else comes in, we may have to move. And here, according to Gray, liftusers unthinkingly go through a set pattern of movements. He told the BBC what he had observed.
He explained that when you are the only one inside a lift, you can do whatever you want – it’s your own little box.
If there are two of you, you go into different corners, standing diagonally (对角线地) across from each other to create distance.
When a third person enters, you will unconsciously form a triangle. And when there is a fourth person it becomes a square, with someone in every corner. A fifth person is probably going to have to stand in the middle.
New entrants to the lift will need to size up the situation when the doors slide open and then act decisively. Once in, for most people the rule is simple – look down, or look at your phone.
Why are we so awkward in lifts?
“You don’t have enough space,” Professor Babette Renneberg, a clinical psychologist at the Free University of Berlin, told the BBC. “Usually when we meet other people we have about an arm’s length of distance between us. And that’s not possible in most elevators.”
In such a small, enclosed space it becomes very important to act in a way that cannot be construed (理解) as threatening or odd. “The easiest way to do this is to avoid eye contact,” she said.
小题1:The main purpose of the article is to _____.| A．remind us to enjoy ourselves in the elevator | | B．tell us some unwritten rules of elevator etiquette | | C．share an interesting but awkward elevator ride | | D．analyze what makes people feel awkward in an elevator |
小题2:According to Gray, when people enter an elevator, they usually _____.| A．turn around and greet one another | | B．look around or examine their phone | | C．make eye contact with those in the elevator | | D．try to keep a distance from other people |
小题3:Which of the following describes how people usually stand when there are at least two people in an elevator?
小题4:The underlined phrase “size up” in Paragraph 7 is closest in meaning to _____.| A．judge | B．ignore | C．put up with | D．make the best of |
小题5:According to the article, people feel awkward in lifts because of _____.| A．someone’s odd behaviors | | B．the lack of space | | C．their unfamiliarity with one another | | D．their eye contact with one another |
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In some cities, workaholism（废寝忘食工作）is so common that people don’t consider it unusual. They accept the lifestyle as 26 . Government
workers in Washington, D. C., 27 , frequently work sixty to seventy hours a week. They don’t do this because they have to; they do it because they 28 to. Workaholism can be a 29 problem. Because true workaholics would rather work than do anything else, they 30 have no idea of how to relax; that is, they might not 31 movies, sports, or other types of entertainment. Most of all, they 32 to sit and do nothing. The lives of workaholics are usually stressful, and this tension（紧张）and worry can cause 33 problems such as heart attacks and stomach diseases. 34 , typical workaholics don’t pay much attention to their families. Their marriages may end in 35 as they spend little time with their families.
Is workaholism 36 dangerous? Perhaps not. There are, certainly, people who work 37 under stress. Some studies show that many workaholics have great energy and interest in work. They feel 38 is so pleasurable that they are actually very happy. For most workaholics, work and entertainment are the same thing. Their jobs 39 them with a challenge; this keeps them busy and creative.
40 do workaholics enjoy their jobs so much? There are several 41 to work. Of course, it provides people with paychecks, and this is important. But it offer 42 financial security. It provides people with self-confidence; they have a feeling of satisfaction 43 they have produced a challenging piece of work and are able to say “I 44 it”. Psychologists claim that their work gives people an identity（自身价值）. After they take part in work, they 45 a sense of self and individualism.
| 小题1: | | A．strange | B．boring | C．pleasant | D．normal |
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| 小题2: | | A．for example | B．on the other hand | C．what’s more | D．after all |
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| 小题3: | | A．agree | B．promise | C．dare | D．want |
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| 小题4: | | A．slight | B．serious | C．obvious | D．difficult |
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| 小题5: | | A．still | B．probably | C．certainly | D．mostly |
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| 小题6: | | A．afford | B．enjoy | C．watch | D．allow |
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| 小题7: | | A．dream | B．decide | C．intend | D．hate |
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| 小题8: | | A．physical | B．cultural | C．social | D．mental |
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| 小题9: | | A．Therefore | B．However | C．Anyway | D．Besides |
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| 小题10: | | A．happiness | B．silence | C．failure | D．surprise |
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| 小题11: | | A．sometimes | B．always | C．seldom | D．hardly |
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| 小题12: | | A．sadly | B．differently | C．efficiently | D．slowly |
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| 小题13: | | A．study | B．family | C．life | D．work |
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| 小题14: | | A．equip | B．pack | C．provide | D．fill |
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| 小题15: | | A．When | B．Why | C．How | D．Where |
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| 小题16: | | A．factors | B．advantages | C．steps | D．ways |
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| 小题17: | | A．no more | B．more or less | C．no more than | D．more than |
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| 小题18: | | A．when | B．before | C．unless | D．until |
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| 小题19: | | A．valued | B．failed | C．caught | D．made |
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| 小题20: | | A．give | B．lose | C．get | D．need |
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The very first capsule hotel to be opened in Shanghai has attracted many budget travelers with its prices, even though it is not fully operational yet.
The hotel consists of 68 "capsules", each 1.1-meters high, 1.1-meters wide and 2.2-meters long. The basic rate is 28 Yuan ($4.22) per person, plus an additional 4 Yuan an hour. The hotel also offers a package of 68 Yuan for 10 hours and 88 Yuan for 24 hours.
All of the capsules are imported from Japan where capsule hotels originated，and each is equipped with independent sockets, clocks, lights, TV and wireless Internet service. The hotel also has a public lavatory(洗手间)，shower room, smoking room and shared guest room.
"This is a huge bargain compared with other budget hotels in Shanghai," said Ta Zan, the owner of the hotel. Ta used to stay at capsule hotels in Tokyo during his undergraduate years and worked at a capsule hotel while he was doing his MBA in Japan in 2005, so he knows how they work and how to make guests feel comfortable.
He based the hotel on capsule hotels in Japan but he has made some special changes based on Chinese guests" habits. "In Japan capsule hotels are usually equipped with bathtubs, but in China people are more willing to take a shower, so we have the shower room," he said. He has also separated the capsules into three snoring (打鼾的) zones so that guests who often snore won"t disturb others. Like most of capsule hotels in Japan, the one in Shanghai is for men only.
But the idea of staying in such a compact space is not appealing to everyone. "I feel the idea is like putting a person in a coffin (棺材), and the price is also not that appealing. A bed at a youth hostel in Shanghai costs about 60 Yuan per night," said Wang Lei, a student from Beijing.
小题1:The first capsule hotels in the world appeared in .| A．Shanghai | B．Japan | C．Beijing | D．America |
小题2:If you stay in the capsule hotel in Shanghai for 8 hours， you will have to pay yuan. 小题3:What does the underlined word "compact" mean? | A．Dear | B．Cheap. | C．Close. | D．Clean. |
小题4:The capsule hotel in Shanghai differs from those in Japan in that .| A．it serves men as well as women | | B．its capsule is much larger | | C．it has a shower room | | D．it has no snoring zones |
小题5:We can know from the passage that .| A．everybody considers the capsule hotel a nice place to stay | | B．all the capsules of the hotel were made in China | | C．each capsule of the hotel has a private lavatory | | D．no guest has ever stayed in the capsule hotel in Shanghai |
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