阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Beware of those who use the t
题型：不详难度：来源：
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Beware of those who use the truth to cheat. When someone tells you something that is 36 , but leaves out important information that should be 37 , he can create a false impression.
For example, someone might say, “I just 38 a hundred dollars on the lottery. It was great. I took that dollar ticket back to the store and 39 it for one hundred dollars!”
This guy’s a winner, 40 ? Maybe, maybe not. We then discover that he bought two hundred 41 , and only one was a winner. He’s really a big 42 !
He didn’t say anything that was 43 , but he deliberately left out some important 44 . That’s called a half-truth. Half-truths are not technically 45 , but they are just as not 46 .
Untrustworthy candidates in 47 campaigns often use this strategy. Let’s say that during Governor Smith’s last term, her state lost one million jobs and 48 three million jobs. Then she 49 another term. One of her opponents runs an advertisement 50 , “During Governor Smith’s term, the state lost one million jobs!” That’s true. 51 , an honest statement would have been, “During Governor Smith’s term, the state had a net gain of 52 million jobs.”
Advertisers will sometimes use half-truths. It’s 53 the law to make false claims so they try to mislead you with the 54 . An advertisement might boast (吹嘘), “Nine out of ten doctors recommend Yucky Pills to cure nose pimples.” It 55 to mention that they only asked ten doctors and nine of them work for the Yucky Corporation.
This kind of cheat happens too often. It’s a sad fact of life: Lies are lies, and sometimes the truth can lie as well.
| 小题1: | | A．false | B．true | C．interesting | D．boring |
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| 小题2: | | A．included | B．contained | C．involved | D．referred |
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| 小题3: | | A．lost | B．found | C．donated | D．won |
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| 小题4: | | A．swapped | B．took | C．turned | D．made |
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| 小题5: | | A．right | B．well | C．really | D．though |
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| 小题6: | | A．books | B．papers | C．tickets | D．balls |
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| 小题7: | | A．winner | B．loser | C．fighter | D．thinker |
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| 小题8: | | A．true | B．real | C．doubtful | D．false |
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| 小题9: | | A．details | B．information | C．mistakes | D．errors |
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| 小题10: | | A．stories | B．truth | C．facts | D．lies |
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| 小题11: | | A．pleasant | B．exciting | C．honest | D．clever |
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| 小题12: | | A．political | B．commercial | C．personal | D．public |
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| 小题13: | | A．stopped | B．found | C．avoided | D．gained |
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| 小题14: | | A．seeks | B．gets | C．achieves | D．searches |
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| 小题15: | | A．writing | B．reading | C．saying | D．speaking |
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| 小题16: | | A．Otherwise | B．However | C．In fact | D．This way |
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| 小题19: | | A．words | B．facts | C．data | D．truth |
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| 小题20: | | A．fails | B．tries | C．manages | D．plans |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:D
小题4:A
小题5:A
小题6:C
小题7:B
小题8:D
小题9:B
小题10:D
小题11:C
小题12:A
小题13:D
小题14:A
小题15:C
小题16:B
小题17:B
小题18:C
小题19:D
小题20:A |
解析
试题分析：这篇文章通过三个例子来讲述了一个事实：谎言可以骗人，但是真相同样可以骗人。人们要注意生活中的“half truth”也就是真假参半的陈述，不要被其蒙骗。
小题1:B 形容词辨析。A 假的；B 真实的；C 有趣的；D 枯燥的。从上下文可知文章要讲述的是利用真相来进行欺骗的情况，那么他们告诉你的应该是真实的事情，所以B选项正确。
小题2:A动词辨析。A 包括；B 包含，含有（某种成分）；C 牵扯，涉及；D 参考，提及。由下文买彩票赢钱的例子推断得知，漏掉的信息是应该包括在内的，否则会让人产生错觉。A为正确选项。
小题3:D动词辨析。A 丢失，丧失，输掉； B 找到，发现；C 捐赠；D 赢。根据后面It was great判断这个人很高兴，所以推测出他应该是买彩票赢了，正确选项为D。
小题4:A动词辨析。A 交换，换成；B 拿，带走；C 转向，变成；D 制作。从上文可知这个人买彩票赢了，所以应该是拿着面值一美元的彩票回到商店兑换成了100美元，swap…for 把。。。换成，所以A选项正确。
小题5:A副词辨析。A 正确，对；B 好 ; C 真地； D 尽管。由后面的We then discover that he bought two hundred …and only one was a winner.判断，此处应该表示对前面叙述情况的怀疑，所以A选项正确。
小题6:C上下文串联。A 书； B 报纸，论文； C 票，罚单；D 球，舞会。从上文I took that dollar ticket back to the store可知他买的是彩票，所以正确选项是C。
小题7:B名词辨析。A 获胜者，赢家；B 输家；C 战斗机，战斗者；D思想家。根据前面叙述可知他买了200张，才中了一张，总的来说他应该是个输家。所以正确选项为B。
小题8:D形容词辨析。A 真实的；B 真的；C 怀疑的；D 假的。从上文买彩票的例子可知这个人没说谎话，但是没有说出全部真相，而且从后面的That’s called a half-truth.也可以判断正确答案选D。
小题9:B名词辨析。A 细节；B 信息；C 错误；D 错误，过错。上面叙述的内容告诉我们买彩票的人没有说谎，但是却故意漏掉一个事实，即：他花200美元买了200张彩票，却只有一张中奖。所以漏掉的应该是一些事实信息，由此判断B选项正确。
小题10:D名词辨析。A 故事； B 真相；真理；C 事实； D 谎言。买彩票的人半真半假的陈述让人产生错觉而且后面用了转折连词but ，由此判断，half-truth会和谎言一样起到误导人的作用，所以D选项正确。句意：虽然部分真实的话不是严格意义上的谎言。
小题11:C形容词辨析。A 令人愉悦的；B 令人兴奋的C 诚实的；D 聪明的。从下文选举的例子可知，政客们用half-truth去欺骗民众，让人产生错误的印象，所以half-truth应该是和谎言一样是不诚实的。从句意判断C为正确选项。
小题12:A形容词辨析。A 政治的；B商业的；C 个人的；D 公共的。由“Governor Smith’s term,candidates opponents”这些词语可以判断应该是政治活动，所以A选项正确。
小题13:D动词辨析。A 停止；B 发现，认为；C 避免；D 获得。从前面lost 判断，此处应该是意思相对的词，她的政府失去100万份工作，得到300万份工作。所以D选项正确。
小题14:A 动词辨析。A 寻求，试图；B 得到；C 实现，获得；D 寻找。下文“During Governor Smith’s term, the state lost one million jobs!” 她的对手对她进行不好的宣传暗示出她仍具有竞争性，应该是想再连任一届，所以A为正确选项。
小题15:C动词辨析。A 写；B 读；C 说；写着（指书面材料或者可见的东西上提供信息或指示）D 说话，演讲。广告本身不会读，写说，习惯上用read或者say等动词表示上面显示的内容，比如：The notice said“Keep Out”。所以C选项正确。
小题16:B 连接词的考查。A 否则；B然而；C 实际上；D 这边请。That’s true和后面的an honest statement would have been…,是转折关系，所以B为正确选项。
小题17:B细节考查。从上文“her state lost one million jobs and …three million jobs.”判断，工作净增长为两百万。所以B选项正确。
小题18:C介词辨析。根据常识可知广告商做出虚假的声明是违法的，所以应该用against the laws。答案选C。
小题19:D，名词辨析。A 单词，话语；B 事实；C 数据；D 真相，真理。整篇文章是讲述利用half truth来骗人，而且Advertisers will sometimes use half-truths.也是一个提示，所以判断D选项正确。
小题20:A动词辨析。A 失败；B 尝试；C 管理，设法做；D 计划。这是又一个用half truth来骗人的例子，所以他们应该是只讲述部分真实的情况，而没有提到那十个医生中有9个是为他们做事的事实。故A选项正确。 |
举一反三
People used to say, “The hand that rocks (摇) the cradle (摇篮) rules the world.” and “Behind every successful man there is a woman.”
Both these sayings mean the same thing. Men rule the world, but their mothers and wives rule them.
Most American women wish to make their husbands and sons successful, but some of them want more for themselves. They want good jobs. When they work they want to be better paid. They want to be as successful as men.
The American women’s liberation movement was started by women who didn’t want to stand behind successful men. They wanted to stand beside men, with the same chance for success. They refused to work side by side with men who do the same work for a higher pay.
A liberated woman must be proud of being a woman and have confidence in herself. If somebody says to her, “You have come a long way, baby.” she will smile and answer, “Not nearly as far as I’m going to go, baby!”
This movement is quite new, and many American women don’t agree yet. But it has already made some important changes in women’s lives--- in men’s lives, too.
小题1:“Behind every successful man there is a woman:” means______.| A．men are always successful but not women | | B．women are not willing to stand in front of men | | C．women do play an important part in men’s lives and work | | D．women can be as successful as men |
小题2:Which of the following is NOT true?| A．Some American women want to work side by side with men and get the same pay for the same work. | | B．Most American women want to be more successful than men. | | C．Not every American woman wants to get a job. | | D．The American women’s liberation movement did make some changes in women’s lives. |
小题3:“Not nearly as far as I’m going to go” means ______.| A．I’m still going to work farther away from home | | B．I’m not going to work far away from home | | C．I’m not satisfied with what I’ve done | | D．What I have done is not far from success |
小题4:The American women’s liberation movement ________.| A．has still a long way to go | | B．is a failure | | C．was started by many successful women | | D．is a new thing not accepted by the writer |
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Everyone has talent, but not everyone succeeds with their talent. More factors than mere talent attribute to a greater personal success. Having talent or being talented is never enough to find success in life.
Dr. John Maxwell has written a new book to explain that there is more to success than just being talented. He says that the only way to find success in life is to apply good choices to talent and rise above the crowd. He believes that talented people need more than their gifts or abilities to succeed in life. There must be something more than just talent to become successful. A talent-plus person, a person who rises above the understanding of mere talent, is much more likely to find success than those with just talent alone.
People who have talent must be willing to make the right choices to maximize their talent. Wrong choices will minimize their talent, preventing them from rising to higher levels in life. Maximizing talent requires people to make good choices, but understanding that there are specific things in life requires no talent at all. Maxwell lists many different choices that people make to become a talent-plus persons including Belief lifts talent, Relationships influence talent, Responsibility strengthens talent, Teamwork multiplies talent, etc.
Following the simple principles found in the book can not only help people raise the level of their talent but also raise their level of living. When people combine the principles with their talents they can become a talent-plus person. The choice becomes one of willingness and personal change. Talent-plus people have the ability to change their life and the world.
小题1:What’s the possible name of Maxwell’s new book?
(no more than 8 words)
小题2:What should one do if he wants to become a talent-plus person?
(no more than 8 words)
小题3:List three specific things which can maximize one’s talent according to Paragraph 3 ?
(no more than 5 words)
小题4:What does the underlined word “maximize” in Paragraph 3 mean in English?
(no more than 8 words)
小题5:Do you want to be a talent-plus person? Why or why not? Please give one or two reasons.
(No more than 25 words) |
“When I grow up, I want to be...”
Almost all of us have thought about, or been asked to think about, our future careers. Our answers may differ greatly. Even now your aspirations may have changed from when you were in primary school.
However, it seems career options aren’t only based on personal taste. In a survey carried out by Teens, doctors, lawyers, and bankers were some of most popular careers that people said they hoped to follow. This is in line with a similar survey carried out in the UK in May 2011 by job website monster. Co.uk, in which medicine was the top choice among UK teenagers aged between 13 and 17.
Medicine and law are two of the oldest and best known professions. Their prestige (威望) may come from the fact that doctors and lawyers are some of the most esteemed members of society, and they make good money. Joining these high-profile professions is often seen as a sign of upward social mobility.
It is equally unsurprising that banking is now one of the most common career choices. Youngsters worldwide think of banking and see the money rolling in. Wealth is increasingly becoming one of the most important indicators of a successful career. British young men list the UK tycoon Alan Sugar, Microsoft founder Bill Gates and Facebook chief Mark Zuckerberg as their top role models “for their wealth”. Just as Chinese teenagers see being a banker as a good and fun pathway to “wealth”.
However, not every child has the makings of doctor, lawyer, or banker. They are those who see fulfillment and happiness in other areas, and many teenagers dare to ink more individuality into their career options. As the Teens’ survey discovered, a variety of unconventional jobs---coffee shop owner, gourmet(美食家)，waiter at a fast food restaurant---are among teenagers’ career choices. They can be equally interesting and rewarding jobs.
With every choice comes responsibility and challenge, and all career paths require specific education and training, you have to learn to balance optimism and confidence with being realistic about your particular talents and skills.
小题1:What is the passage mainly about?| A．Careers in teenagers’ mind. | | B．Choosing a good job is very important. | | C．Teenagers in the UK like doctors. | | D．The choice of career needs challenge. |
小题2:What is the top career choice among UK teenagers aged between 13 and 17 according to the article?| A．Medicine | B．Law | C．Bank | D．Education |
小题3:According to the article, all of the following are the benefits of being a doctor except_______.| A．respect from others | B．the oldest profession | | C．high pay | D．upward social mobility. |
小题4:What do youngsters think is increasingly becoming one of the most important indicators of a successful career?| A．Prestige | B．Fulfillment | C．Happiness | D．Wealth |
小题5:What can we learn from the last paragraph?| A．According to your particular talents and skills, you can choose your favorite career. | | B．Specific education and training can help get a good job. | | C．Whatever career you choose, you should balance optimism and confidence with being realistic about your particular talents and skills. | | D．Responsibility is the most important when you choose a good job. |
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I’m not so sure I like my friends any more. I used to like them-to be honest. We’d have lunch, talk on the phone or exchange emails, and they all seemed normal enough. But then came Face Book, and I was introduced to a sad fact: many of my friends have dark sides that they had kept from me.
Today my friends show off the more unpleasant aspects of their personalities via FaceBook. No longer hidden, they’re thrown in my face like TV commercials -unavoidable and endless advertisements for the worst of their personalities.
Take Fred. If you were to have lunch with him, you’d find him warm, and self-effacing（谦逊的）.Read his FaceBook and you’ll realize he’s an unbearable, food-obsessed boring man. He’d pause to have a cup of coffee on his way to save a drowning man-and then write about it.
Take Andy. You won’t find a smarter CEO anywhere, but now he’s a CEO without a company to run. So he plays Mafia Wars on FaceBook. He’s doing well-level 731. Thanks to FaceBook, I know he’s playing about 18 hours a day. Andy, you’ve run four companies-and this is how you spend your downtime? What happned to golf?What happened to getting another job?
Take Liz. She is positive that the flu vaccine will kill us all and that we should avoid it. And then comes Chris who likes to post at least 20 times a day on every website he can find, so I get to read his thoughts twice, once on FaceBook and once on Twitter.
In real life, I don’t see these sides of people. Face to face, my friends show me their best. They’re nice, smart people. But face to FaceBook, my friends is like a blind date which goes horribly wrong.
I’m left with a dilemma. Who is my real friend?Is it the Liz I have lunch with or the anti-vaccine madman on FaceBook? Is it the Fred I can grab a sandwich with or the Fred who weeps if he’s at a party and the wine isn’t up to his standard?
小题1: Who is opposed to the flu vaccine in the text?小题2:What’s Andy probably busy in doing now?| A．He’s running his company | | B．He’s playing golf all day | | C．He’s looking for another job | | D．He’s playing computer games |
小题3:According to the text, FaceBook tends to _______. | A．present another side of people | | B．offer some foods for free | | C．show endless advertisements | | D．get you to more parties |
小题4:The text is developed mainly by _____. | A．giving examples | B．following the time order | | C．listing figures | D．raising questions |
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Loren Gladstone of Toronto is 58, but thinking over how to bequeath (遗赠) his digital property(财产). Doing the paperwork after his parents" death was a challenge. “When my time comes, I wonder if my children will even know what paper is，” he says. As a software developer, his virtual property is both valuable and vital to his business. That reflects a problem. Online lives have increasing economic and emotional value. But testamentary (遗嘱) laws offer confusing and incomplete ways of bequeathing and inheriting (继承) them.
Digital property may include software, websites, downloaded content, online gaming identities, social-media accounts and even e-mails. In Britain alone holdings of digital music may be worth over ￡9 billion ($14 billion). A fifth of respondents to a Chinese local-newspaper survey said they had over 5，000 yuan($790) of digital property. And value does not lie only in money.“Anyone with kids under 14 years old probably has two prints of them and the rest are in online galleries，”says Nathan Lustig of Entrustet, a company that helps people manage digital property.
Service providers have different rules—and few state them clearly in their terms and conditions. Many give users a personal right to use an account, but nobody else, even after death. Facebook allows relatives to close an account or turn it into a memorial page. Gmail (run by Google) will provide copies of e-mails to an executor (遗嘱执行人). Music downloaded via iTunes is held under a license which can be abolished on death. Apple declined to comment on the record on this or other policies. All e-mail and data on its iCloud service are deleted on the death of the owner.
This has led to cases to court in America. In 2004 the family of Justin Ellsworth, an army man killed in Iraq, took Yahoo! to court in Michigan to get copies of his e-mails. This year, a court in Oregon ruled that another American mother whose son had died could use her dead son"s password to enter his Facebook account for a short period. Now five American states have made laws giving executors control over the social-networking accounts of dead users.
But this raises the subject of privacy. Passing music on is one thing; not everyone may want their relatives to read their e-mails. Colin Pearson, a London-based lawyer, says access should come only with a clear provision in a will.
But laws, wills and password safes may be contrary to the providers" terms of service, especially when the executor is in one country and the data in another. Headaches for the living and lots of lovely work for lawyers.
小题1:Why does Loren begin to think over how to bequeath his digital property at the age of 58?| A．Because he is afraid his children don"t know what paper is. | | B．Because there"s no complete law dealing with digital property. | | C．Because his digital property is of great value and importance. | | D．Because he is worried his children will be taken to court. |
小题2:Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?| A．Digital property is assessed in terms of nothing except money. | | B．No laws in America have been made to deal with digital property. | | C．The relatives may read the e－mail of the dead without permission. | | D．Lawyers can make money through cases about digital property. |
小题3:Facebook, Google and Apple have a similar rule that ________．| A．users are offered accounts used by nobody else except users themselves | | B．relatives of the dead may close an account or use it at their own will | | C．the executor may enter the e－mail and read it by themselves at any time | | D．the data downloaded by the dead will be copied and then deleted from net |
小题4:Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?| A．Digital Information | B．Testamentary Laws | | C．Deathless Data | D．Vital Property |
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