Want to be perfect at a holiday dinner party? Follow these tips on good manners,
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Want to be perfect at a holiday dinner party? Follow these tips on good manners, and your dinner companions are sure to be thankful.
*Arrive no earlier than the time the host has announced and no later than half an hour after the time.
*Plan to stay about an hour after dinner unless travel plans or sleepy children which make you leave a bit earlier.
*Bring a gift and write a note of thanks afterwards.
*Offer to help set up for dinner and to clean afterwards.
*Tell the host of any special dietary needs---if you are a vegetarian, diabetic or allergic to common foods. You can tell the host how to prepare a dish you can eat, or even better, offer to bring that dish yourself.
*If you’re going to a potluck (百乐餐) dinner, bring a serving dish with you as an offer. Remember, the best potluck dishes are those that need little preparation in the host’s kitchen, can be served at room temperature and need only a fork to eat.
小题1:To be a perfect guest, you should _______. | A．never be late for a holiday dinner party | | B．leave right away after meal if necessary | | C．bring a gift with some words of thanks on | | D．help to make table and clean afterwards |
小题2:“Diabetic or allergic” here refers to people who _____ .| A．have some special needs for certain foods | | B．are more important than other dinner companions | | C．never try some common foods served at dinner | | D．always bring dishes to dinner themselves |
小题3:According to the passage, potluck dinner dishes are those _______ . | A．usually given by the guests | | B．carefully prepared in the kitchen | | C．served only at room temperature | | D．eaten only with a fork and knife |
小题4:The passage is mainly written for _____ . | A．holiday makers | B．companions | C．dinner hosts | D．dinner guests |
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答案
小题1:D
小题2:A
小题3:A
小题4:D |
解析
试题分析：文章是写给那些来吃饭的客人的，告诉他们如何做一个有礼貌的客人、
小题1:D 细节题。根据Offer to help set up for dinner and to clean afterwards.事先要帮助摆东西，事后要帮助整理。说明D项内容是正确的。
小题2:A 推理题。根据*Tell the host of any special dietary needs---if you are a vegetarian, diabetic or allergic to common foods.说明如果你有特别的饮食的需要，如果你是素食主义者，或者你对食物有特殊的要求，你要事先告诉对方。故A正确。
小题3:A 推理题。根据Remember, the best potluck dishes are those that need little preparation in the host’s kitchen, can be served at room temperature and need only a fork to eat.说明这样的食物是客人自己带过来的，故A正确。
小题4:D 推理题。根据Want to be perfect at a holiday dinner party? Follow these tips on good manners, and your dinner companions are sure to be thankful.说明文章是写给那些来吃饭的客人的，告诉他们如何做一个有礼貌的客人。故D正确。
点评：文章是写给那些来吃饭的客人的，告诉他们如何做一个有礼貌的客人。本文主旨鲜明,很容易在文中找到答案。做题时要注意文章的首段和每一段的首句或尾句，因为它们往往就是文章的主题句。阅读中要注意要点之间的关系。然后带着问题，再读全文，找出答题所需要的依据，完成阅读任务。 |
举一反三
Education cuts(削减) have become routine (惯常的) over the past few years, which has made it difficult for students to learn. The results of a survey of 1,850 Los Angeles County high school students show just how much the cuts are affecting students.
Because of teacher layoffs (解雇), class sizes at some high schools have risen to 50 students — even in math and English classes. Some 37 percent of students report that they sometimes don’t have a desk to sit at. Sixty-seven percent say crowded classrooms make them feel the teachers don’t have enough time to teach, and 30 percent say they’ve not been able to join in a program because it’s no longer offered at their school.
At a time when technology is an important skill, 52 percent of students say there aren’t enough computers. Or they’re often broken, and there’s no one to fix them. Fifty-one percent say they’ve had to share textbooks with a classmate because there aren’t enough copies to go around. Fifty-seven percent say they’ve had to copy information because their school doesn’t have enough paper to make copies.
“We have only one science teacher for the entire(整个的) high school,” writes Felix Ruano, a 16-year-old student. He goes on to describe how that teacher, who is only qualified to teach chemistry, is teaching physics — or, at least, is trying to do so. “He shows physics videos and we teach ourselves from our textbook,” says Ruano. And, as has been seen elsewhere, “all but one of the restrooms” at Ruano’s school “have been closed because we don’t have enough people to clean them.”
Ruano notes that though faced with the challenges, 97 percent of students say they plan to go to college. But without “properly trained teachers and the best resources,” says Ruano, it’s not likely that every student will achieve that goal. “Unless schools fix these problems,” he says, “students could lose hope.”
小题1:According to the text, education cuts have led to the following results EXCEPT that _____.| A．class sizes at some high schools have risen | | B．some students don’t have a desk to sit at | | C．some students have to share textbooks | | D．some students have to leave school |
小题2:The underlined word “qualified” in the fourth paragraph can best be replaced by “_____”.| A．fit | B．willing | C．bored | D．worried |
小题3:According to Ruano, _____.| A．he is good at teaching himself | | B．most students plan to go to college | | C．his school is going to be closed | | D．most students are hopeful about their school |
小题4:What would be the best title for the text?| A．What caused education cuts? | B．Education cuts, right or wrong? | | C．Education cuts have hurt students | D．How to deal with education cuts |
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In the past,when people had problems,they went to their families or friends to get advice.Today it is possible to get advice from radio shows.TV programs or telephone hot lines,too.A hot line is a telephone line that offers a direct way of getting in touch with advicers.Most hot lines are completely anonymous(匿名的)—callers do not have to say their names or telephone numbers.Most hot lines are usually free,too.Callers do not have to pay for their advice or the phone calls—even if the calls are long distance.At some hot lines,the advicers are volunteers.Other hot lines pay their advicers for their work.Usually the advicers are full-job people with years of education and experience,but sometimes the advicers have only taken a short class before starting to work on the hot line.All the advicers listen to the people and help them solve their problems.
小题1:A hot line is a telephone line ______.| A．that is hot | | B．through which people get advice | | C．whose number no one knows | | D．through which callers take a short class |
小题2:When people call the hot line advicers,they______.| A．often give their names and telephone numbers | | B．generally have to pay for the long distance calls | | C．usually pay nothing for most of the calls and advice | | D．always try to get in touch with the volunteer advicers |
小题3:The advicers working at hot lines______.| A．are not all paid | | B．have all been trained for a short time | | C．are all volunteers | | D．all have years of education and experience |
小题4:The writer of the article seems to think that______.| A．with hot lines people won’t get advice from their families and friends | | B．hot lines help the callers a lot | | C．people had better pay for the advice and phone calls | | D．the hot line advicers will solve all of the callers’ problems |
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Millions of British people have ditched the traditional ‘thank you’ and replaced it with the less formal ‘cheers’, according to a survey.
Although the average person will say ‘thank you’ nearly 5,000 times a year, one in three are more likely to throw in a ‘cheers’ or ‘ta’ where it’s needed, rather than risk sounding old fashioned.
One in 20 now say ‘nice one’ instead, while younger generations are more likely to offer a ‘cool’ than a ‘thank you’.‘Merci’, ‘fab’ and even ‘gracias’ were also listed as common phrases to use, as was ‘much appreciated’.
One in twenty who took part in the survey of 2,000 people by the Food Network UK for Thank You Day, which is marked on November 24, 2011, said a formal ‘thank you’ was now not often needed in everyday conversation. More than one in ten adults said they regularly won’t say thank you if they are in a bad mood. Most people declared that saying thank you was something drilled into them by their parents. A huge 70 percent of those questioned will say thank you to a person’s face without even meaning it, while a fifth avoid saying it when they know they should — on at least two occasions every day.
It seems our friends and family get the brunt (压力) of our bad manners with half admitting they’re not good at thanking those closest to them — many justifying (为…辩解) the lack of thanks because their family ‘already know I’m grateful’.
When spoken words won’t do, it falls to a nice text to do the job for most people. A third will still send a handwritten thank-you note — but 45 percent admit it’s been more than six months since they bothered to send one.
A quarter of British people say thank you with food, with 23 percent cooking a meal to show their appreciation to someone. Another 15 percent bake a cake.
It follows that 85 percent of people will be annoyed at not getting the gratitude (感激) they feel they should receive.
小题1:Most of the people who took part in the survey say that they say “thank you” _____.| A．when they are in good mood | | B．completely out of habit | | C．when they feel truly grateful | | D．purely out of politeness |
小题2:The underlined word “ditched” in Paragraph 1 means “________”.| A．given up | B．used | C．shared | D．grasped |
小题3:It can be learned from the passage that _______.| A．different ways of expressing gratitude are all fashionable | | B．people should avoid saying “thank you” nowadays | | C．a thank-you note is still appreciated by most people | | D．people in a bad mood never say “thank you” |
小题4:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?| A．Most people express their gratitude to others by buying food for them. | | B．About fifty percent of people try not to say thank you when they should. | | C．Most people may feel natural when they fail to receive others’ gratitude. | | D．Many people think it unnecessary to say thanks to their family members. |
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Research shows that childhood friendships are important indicators of future success and social adjustment. Children"s relationships with peers (同龄人) strongly influence their success in school, and children with fewer friends are more likely dropping out of school, becoming sad and other problems.
Making and Keeping Friends Is More Than Child"s Play
When 6-year-old Rachel returned to school on a recent Monday morning, her eyes immediately scanned the playground for her friend Abbie. Though they were only separated by a weekend, the girls "ran right into each other"s arms and hugged," recalls Rachel"s mother Kathryn Willis of Gilbert. "It was like a scene from a movie."
Most parents instinctively (本能地) know that having friends is good for their child. Experts agree that friendship is not simply child"s play, but a powerful predictor of social adjustment throughout life.
A Skill for Life
"Childhood friendships serve as a very important training ground for adulthood," says Dr. Robbie Adler-Tapia, psychologist with the Center for Children"s Health & Life Development.
Researcher William Hartup states, "Peer relations contribute significantly to both social and cognitive (认知的) development." Hartup concludes that the single best childhood predictor of adult social adaptation is not school grades or classroom behavior, but rather, how well a child gets along with other children.
The work of Arizona State University proves that just as being able to make and keep friends is beneficial to kids, so is the lack of friends detrimental.
Good Friendships Don"t Just Happen
Experts agree that it is basic for children to develop high-quality friendships. But, researchers warn, these friendships don"t necessarily just happen. Often, a good friendship begins with involved （卷入，牵连）parents.
Valley psychologist Dr. Lynne Kenney Markan believes kids should be taught social skills in much the same way they are taught math and reading.
Bad Company
Many parents worry about the quality as well as the quantity of their child"s friendships. "When she was in 1st grade, her supposed "best friend" began calling her names and threatening to hurt her," says Mindy Miller. "My daughter wasn"t allowed to talk to or even look at other girls in her class. It really crushed (压跨) her spirit. I told my daughter she didn"t need a "friend" like that."
"I"ll bend over backwards to help my son get together with a friend I think is good for him," Adler-Tapia says. "I don"t look at it as manipulation (操纵), just positive parental involvement. "
小题1:The example of Rachel and Abbie is used to show that ________.| A．childhood friendship is of great benefit to their growth | | B．a positive friendship helps children solve emotional and physical problems | | C．it is a proven（被证明的） fact that peer friendship is the most rewarding experience throughout life | | D．Rachel missed her friend Abbie very much because of their separation of one weekend |
小题2:The underlined word "detrimental" could be replaced by _______.| A．valuable | B．disappointing | C．accurate | D．harmful |
小题3:We can learn from the passage that high-quality friendship most probably results from ______.| A．social skills and good study habits | | B．school grades and classroom behaviors | | C．academic success and social adaptation | | D．positive parental involvement and social skills |
小题4:From the last paragraph we can conclude that Dr. Robbie Adler-Tapia agrees that ______.| A．parents should regard making friends as something that just happens | | B．it"s wise for parents to support and encourage healthy peer relationships | | C．parents only need to help their children to deal with difficult social situations | | D．parents are supposed to encourage their children to make as many friends as they can |
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Searching the Internet may help middle-aged and older adults keep their memories sharp,US researchers said.
Researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles ,studied people doing web searches by recording their brain activity.
“What we saw was people who had Internet experience used more of their brain during the search,”Dr.Gary Small, a UCLA expert on aging, said,“This suggests that just searching on the Internet may train the brain and that it may keep it active and healthy.”
“This is the first time anyone has simulated(模拟)an Internet search task while scanning the brain,”Small said. His team studied 24 normal volunteers between the ages of 55 and 76. Half were experienced at searching the Internet and the other half had no web experience. However, the two groups were similar in age, gender and education.
Both groups were asked to do Internet searches and book reading tasks while their brain activity was monitored.
“We found that in the book reading task, the visual cortex— the part of the brain that controls reading and language — was activated,”Small said,“In doing the Internet search task, there was much greater activity, but only in the Internet-savvy（了解）group.”
He said it appears that people who are familiar with the Internet can engage in much deeper level of brain activity. Activities that keep the brain engaged can preserve brain health and thinking ability. Small thinks learning to do Internet searches may be one of those activities.
小题1:Researchers when volunteers were doing web searches.| A．studied the Internet | | B．activated the brain | | C．recorded their memories | | D．monitored the brain activity |
小题2:The two volunteer groups were .| A．similar in education | | B．of the same age | | C．good at the computer | | D．book lovers |
小题3:According to the passage, we can learn that .| A．reading books keeps the brain more engaged | | B．searching the web keeps the brain more engaged | | C．watching TV keeps the brain more engaged | | D．chatting online keeps the brain more engaged |
小题4:Which of the following is TRUE?| A．When you read, the whole brain will be activated. | | B．Dr.Gary Small is a UCLA expert on brain health. | | C．Internet searches can preserve brain health and thinking ability | | D．People who read books may have a better memory. |
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