Jazz was originally sung or played by the African slaves in America. In the 18t
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Jazz was originally sung or played by the African slaves in America. In the 18th and 19th centuries, Africans were sold in America as slaves to work in large plantations（种植园）. After a hard day’s work, these people would gather together and sing, both to forget their worries and also to teach their children about the land and culture they came from. Early jazz music was basically the soulful and sad composition performed by black musicians who had little or no training in western music.
Many different kinds of music helped to create jazz. Jazz probably had its roots in the 19th century. African Americans created blues music from church music and sad songs from the times of slavery. In large cities, African Americans mixed these songs with music from other immigrants and then formed jazz. Sounds from West African, Spanish, French and even Arabic cultures can be heard in jazz music. In this way, jazz is like American culture. Jazz brings many ideas together from around the world to make something new.
There are many different ideas about where the word “jazz” came from.Some experts think that the word just borrows ideas from many different languages. They think that people may have made up their own word to describe the excitement of hearing and playing a new kind of music. Others think that the word comes from the Arabic word jazb. Middle Eastern jazb music and jazz have similar sounds. Several musicians from the Middle East have come to America to study jazz. They mix traditional jazz sounds with music from their own countries. This kind of jazz is called “fusion” and it is one of the most popular forms of jazz in America today.
43. African slaves in the plantations played early “jazz” to _____.
A. earn some money
B. entertain their slave owners
C. develop a kind of soulful and sad music
D. forget worries and keep their land in mind
44. Some experts think that the word “jazz” is a word for people to ______.
A. pronounce the Arabic word “jazb”
B. form a new kind of culture
C. express their inner feeling
D. create a way to explain themselves
45.What can we infer from the passage?
A. By comparison, African Americans have the greatest talent in the world.
B. American culture is a mixture of different cultural and social patterns.
C. The native Americans started jazz music in the time of slavery.
D. The music was created by some professional musicians from Africa.
46. The title of the passage could be ____.
A. Basic Information of Jazz
B. The Features of Jazz Music
C. Different Forms of Jazz Music
D. The Prospect of Jazz Music |
答案
小题1:D
小题2:C
小题3:B
小题4:A |
解析
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举一反三
Millions of aircraft take off around the world every year. The skies they fly in seem limitless—miles of empty space. But, with the number of flights increasing each year, this emptiness no longer exists. Researchers in the world of aviation（航空）are worried about the increasing pressure on pilots and ground controllers. And increasing collisions, occurring at or near an airport, have called attention to the need for more aids（辅助设备）to aviation control.
People who travel the skies are not certain about air safety. A great deal of money is spent on new and bigger aircraft and airports to deal with the vast increase in passengers travelling by air. Only a small percentage of this money is spent on navigation（导航）and other aids. Actually, suitable electronic equipment has long existed, and many companies market safety aids designed to make it safer for aircraft to take off, fly any distance, and land, whatever the weather. Yet, there are two problems to be solved. The first is to get governments, airlines and airport officials to agree to basic levels of safety aids. The second problem is to find a way of meeting these basic requirements.
But no matter how well the equipment works, operators of the equipment still play an important role. Communications between pilots and ground controllers are extremely important to air safety. It is worth pointing out that the mishearing or misunderstanding of instructions in English and the use of another language, in an international conversation, have led to two recent aircraft accidents. A new type of instrument（仪器）called FLIGHTWATCH would help pilots prevent airport collisions. It would be particularly helpful near airports.
60. The increasing number of flights leads to the fact that ________.
A. flying is no longer limited in the sky
B. there is no empty space for aids to aviation control
C. piloting and controlling planes is getting more difficult
D. the pressure on the ground becomes greater
61. There is uncertainty about air safety because ________.
A. planes become bigger for the increasing number of passengers
B. money spent on electronic equipment is far from enough
C. suitable electronic equipment hasn’t been invented yet
D. it is dangerous for planes to take off or land
62. The underlined word “collisions” probably means ________.
A. accidents in which two planes hit each other
B. misunderstandings between pilots and ground controllers
C. quarrels among passengers
D. breakdowns of new types of instrument
63. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A. governments and officials have paid great attention to air safety
B. there should be more companies to sell new safety aids
C. English should be used in an international conversation
D. understanding between pilots and ground controllers should be improved |
PDAs are very useful．They are like small computers．You can put a lot of information into them． For example．you can put in telephone numbers and e-mail addresses．Many people use PDAs to remember important dates．Some of these super machines can even send and receive e-mails．
PDAs are small and convenient．A few years ago，they were expensive．Now，they are cheap．Many people use them at work and at school．People can carry PDAs in their shirt pockets．
But，it’s important to be careful．These little machines are easy to lose．People put so much important information into their PDAs．It’s really terrible to lose them．
50．What is the main idea of the article?
A．PDAs are like small computers． B．PDAs are cheap．
C．You can do many things with a PDA． D．Too many people use PDAs
51．What do we learn about PDAs?
A．They are not very expensive now． B．Students do not like to use them．
C．All of them can send and receive e-mails． D．They are very large．
52．What kind of person would not use a PDA?
A．A business person． B．Someone who hates computers．
C．A student． D．A person with a busy schedule． |
How old is “old”? The answer has changed over the years. Two hundred years ago，you were old at 35.At the beginning of the 20 th century，the average life span（平均寿命）was 45. In 1950，70-year-olds were really old.Today，a healthy 70-year-old is still thought young.
So，how old is old? The answer is one you’ve heard many times，from all kinds of people.“You are as old（or young）as you feel.”Your age simply tells you how many years you have lived.Your body tells you how well you’ve lived.
“Nobody grows old by living a number of years.” wrote a writer.“People grow old when they don’t have their ideals.”
People shouldn’t have the wrong ideas about aging.Sometimes，older minds can be as bright as young minds.Alice Brophy once said，“It makes me unhappy when people say，‘You look young for your age。’ What does that mean?
You know you can die old at 30 and live young at 80. ”
53.The meaning of the underlined word “aging” is “ ”
A．growing old B. staying young C. keeping healthy D. feeling unhappy
54.Which question is NOT answered in the passage?
A. Can older people be as bright as young people?
B. What tells you how well you’ve lived?
C. How old is “old”?
D. what is the average life span today?
55.The passage is mainly about __________ .
A. the average life span B. aging
C. the 20th century D. older people and young people |
第三部分 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列段文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将项涂黑。
Boston ― thieves dressed as police entered a museum early Sunday and stole 11 paintings, including major works by Rembrandt, Dagas, Manet, and Vermerr, FBI and the museum officials said.
The first judgement placed value of at least $100 million on the works stolen from the Isabella Teward Gardener Museum, said Boston police spokesman Jim Tordan.
The judgement was a loose（粗略的） one because the paintings have not been sold in nearly a century.
But art experts said such well-known works could not be sold in nearly a century, authorities said.
“It was not discovered until the cleaning people did some cleaning at 3 a.m.” said Paul Cavangah, special FBI agent in Boston.
“This is one of those thefts(盗窃)where people actually spent some time researching and took specific things,” he said.
He said the investigation(调查) would not be limited to the U.S.
William Bobinson of Harvard University’s Foggel Museum, called the objects stolen “major works”.
56.The best headline for this article is ______ .
A. A Theft Took Place in Boston B. Artworks Stolen by Thieves
C. Major Works D. Investigation into the Theft
57. The theft was discovered by______ .
A. Boston police B. art experts
C. the cleaning people D. special FBI agent
58 Investigation into the theft will take place_______.
A. in Boston
B. in the United States
C.the Isabella Teward Gardener Museum
D. in the U.S and other countries
59. The thieves took paintings by______ .
A. Jim Jordan
B. art experts
C. Paul Cavangah
D. Rembrandt, Dagas, Manet, and Vermerr |
If women are mercilessly exploited(剥削) year after year,they have only themselves to blame.Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion,they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores.Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion.When you come to think of it,only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe(衣柜) packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.
Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste.Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn.Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way,waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have.Skirts are lengthened or shortened;neck-lines are lowered or raised,and so on.No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society.Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth,comfort and durability(耐用).They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort,as long as they look right.There can hardly be a man who hasn’t at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day,or delicately picking her way through deep snow in high-heeled shoes.
When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion,the conclusions to be drawn are obvious.Do the constantly changing fashions of women’s clothes,one wonders,reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability?Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers.Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability?That is for you to decide.
小题1:Designers and big stores always make money .| A．by mercilessly exploiting women workers in the clothing industry | | B．because they are capable of predicting new fashions | | C．by constantly changing the fashions in women’s clothing | | D．because they attach great importance to quality in women’s clothing |
小题2:To the writer,the fact that women change their old-fashioned dresses is seen as .| A．a waste of money | | B．a waste of time | | C．an expression of taste | | D．an expression of creativity |
小题3:The writer would be less critical if fashion designers placed more stress on the of clothing.| A．cost | B．appearance | | C．comfort | D．suitability |
小题4:According to the passage,which of the following statements is TRUE?| A．New fashions in clothing are created for the commercial exploitation of women. | | B．The constant changes in women’s clothing reflect their strength of character. | | C．The fashion industry makes an important contribution to society. | | D．Fashion designs should not be encouraged since they are only welcomed by women. |
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