During the 1800s, African Americans worked long days in the fields of the Americ

题型：不详难度：来源：

During the 1800s, African Americans worked long days in the fields of the American South．To ease their labor, they sang "field hollers" that they had brought from Africa．One person sang a line．Then a group of workers repeated it．The songs" words told of the hardships that people suffered．African Americans sang "shout spirituals", or joyous religious songs．They clapped their hands and stomped their feet to the music．
After the Civil War, the music changed dramatically．African American music, from ballads to church music, took new forms．It also adapted dance music, called "jump-ups"．which had great rhythm． Banjos became popular．A blues singer usually played a call and response with the banjo．By the early 1900s, the guitar had replaced the banjo as the main blues instrument．
Northern Mississippi - called the Delta - was the center of the blues tradition．By the 1920s, the Delta had many clubs, so-called juke joints．African Americans listened and danced to music in these clubs．Some of the greatest blues men and women performed there．
Blues have a soulful sound that is easy to recognize．The musical notes are often "bent"．That is, they are changed slightly to give a song more strength．Whatever their origin, these bent notes most often define the blues．
Lyrics are the words of a song．Blues lyrics describe everyday life．The lyrics, often about relationships between men and women, are often very intense and personal．They tell about sorrow and overwork．They tell about finding or losing love, having money or being broke, being happy or sad and lonely．The lyrics may use humor to describe life"s trials and joys．They almost always use the rhythms of everyday speech．A typical blues stanza, or group of lyrics, has three lines．The second line repeats the first line．The third line has different words．
By the 1940s, large numbers of African Americans had left the Delta and moved north to work． Many settled in Chicago．There, a new kind of "electric", or "Chicago" blues began．Many of its themes were the same, but these blues had "wailing" electric guitars and harmonicas．The music had a steady, strong drumbeat．The loud, driving Chicago blues was excellent dance music．Chicago blues led to the birth of a new music style-rock and roll．
小题1:The "field holler" is a kind of music that came from ___．

A．the American South．	B．Africa．
C．Chicago．	D．Asia．

小题2:"Shout spirituals" and "field hollers" are similar in that both_____．

A．used banjos．	B．were sung in church．
C．included call and response singing．	D．expressed sadness．

小题3:A typical blues Stanza is made up of____．

A．three lines．	B．a harmonica．
C．a driving beat．	D．four lines．

小题4:One can conclude from the passage that the blues ___．

A．would have widespread without the juke joints of the Mississippi．

B．served as a form of communication and self-expression．

C．was successful only in the American South．

D．there were only greatest blues man performed in these clubs．

小题5:African Americans probably moved to Chicago because ____．

A．the South was too hot in summer．

B．they liked the Chicago blues．

C．there were more jobs there．

D．they wanted to create a new music style．

答案

小题1:B
小题2:C
小题3:A
小题4:B
小题5:C

解析

试题分析：文章介绍了美国音乐的不同种类和它们的演变过程，也介绍这些音乐的表达方式和内涵。
小题1:细节题：从文章第一段的句子：To ease their labor, they sang "field hollers" that they had brought from Africa．可知"field holler"是来自非洲的音乐，选B
小题2:细节题：从文章第一段的句子：One person sang a line．Then a group of workers repeated it．可知"Shout spirituals" 和 "field hollers"相似因为它们都是一个人唱其他人附和，选C
小题3:细节题：从文章倒数第二段的句子：A typical blues stanza, or group of lyrics, has three lines．可知一个典型的blues stanza,由三行组成，选A
小题4:归纳题：从文章倒数第二段的句子：Blues lyrics describe everyday life．The lyrics, often about relationships between men and women, are often very intense and personal．They tell about sorrow and overwork．They tell about finding or losing love, having money or being broke, being happy or sad and lonely．The lyrics may use humor to describe life"s trials and joys．可知蓝调是一种交流的形式和自我表达的方式，选B
小题5:细节题：从文章最后一段的句子：By the 1940s, large numbers of African Americans had left the Delta and moved north to work． Many settled in Chicago．可知非裔美国人会搬到芝加哥因为那里有更多的工作，选C

举一反三

Inland waters may be grouped into two general classes: standing waters and flowing waters. As is often the case, the boundary between these two classes is not sharp and clear. A pond is an example of standing water. But most ponds are fed by springs or brooks and most have an outlet. Thus some current of changing water flows through them. On the other hand, a river is an example of flowing water. In some places, however, a river may have such a slow current that it is very difficult to detect.
Standing inland waters differ in size, in age, and in many abiotic environmental characteristics. They range in size from roadside puddles to the Caspian Sea. Puddles may last for only a few days or weeks; ponds, for a few hundred to a thousand years. In general, lakes are older, though the waters of some tropical “lakes” disappear completely during each dry season. Standing waters vary from very shallow to very deep, from clear to muddy, from fresh to salty.
In flowing waters we roughly distinguish between brooks, creeks, and rivers. The size and age of flowing waters are unimportant. Speed of flow, clearness, oxygen content, and other chemical characteristics are used by scientists in studying flowing-water ecosystems.
小题1:According to the passage, which of the following characteristics of flowing waters is unimportant?

A．Clarity.

B．Size.

C．Speed of flow.

D．Oxygen content.

小题2:The word “abiotic” in paragraph 2 can best be replaced by ______.

A．nonliving

B．living

C．coastal

D．inland

小题3:Which of the following statements is true?

A．Usually the water in a river flows into a pond.

B．Scientists only study flowing-water ecosystems.

C．Usually ponds last much longer than puddles.

D．The Caspian Sea is considered as an example of flowing water.

小题4:From this passage we may know that the distinction between standing waters and flowing waters ______.

A．depends on how people name the waters

B．is clear

C．depends on the seasons

D．is hard to make

小题5:This passage mainly tells us that ______.

A．there are two major classes of inland waters

B．lakes and rivers are flowing waters

C．age and size of flowing waters are important

D．ponds and brooks are standing waters

题型：不详难度：| 查看答案

When, after a year of being alone on his island, Robinson Crusoe sees a footprint in the sand, the reader of Robinson Crusoe trembles. Will Crusoe find another human being to end his loneliness? Is the footprint the sign of an enemy? Since 1719, when Daniel Defoe wrote Robinson Crusoe, thousands of people who enjoy English novels have thrilled to this great adventure story. But few know how the story came to be written. Robinson Crusoe was the first English novel. Its birth brought together the misadventures of a Scotch “failure” and the untapped imagination of an aging English scribbler.
Near the end of the Seventeenth Century, the hot-tempered Alexander Selkirk was charged with bad conduct while in church. Rather than face this charge, he ran away to sea. Several years later, Selkirk found himself on the ship of an English privateer. The privateer was preying on Spanish shipping. But Selkirk quarreled bitterly with the Captain. So, when the ship came to the island of Juan Femandez in the South Seas, Selkirk asked to be put ashore. When he saw that there were no people on the island, he begged to be taken back on board. But the Captain refused—Selkirk had gone too far. Over four years later, Selkirk was rescued by another ship.
When Selkirk got back to England, the story of his life on the island fired the imagination of Daniel Defoe. Defoe had been earning a living by his pen since he was thirty. He was amazingly hard-working. He wrote a whole newspaper three times a week. He also made part of his living from politics. He supported both political parties. He told each party that it had his sole support.

小题1:Alexander Selkirk spent four years on a desert island because .

A．he sought adventure

B．he was hot-tempered

C．he was afraid to face charges

D．his ship was wrecked

小题2:Daniel Defoe .

A．made his living as a writer

B．got his start as a writer with the writing of Robinson Crusoe

C．was very “straight”-he was hardworking and honest

D．had little power of imagination, but succeeded with his novel because he worked hard

小题3:This passage is mainly about .

A．how Alexander Selkirk was able to survive on the island.

B．why people enjoy English novels

C．what the footprint in the sand meant

D．how Robinson Crusoe came to be written

小题4:According to this passage , which of the following statements is not true?

A．Robinson Crusoe was a successful novel.

B．Even if Alexander Selkirk had not lived on the island of Juan Femande, Robinson Crusoe would still have been written.

C．Daniel Defoe lived partly by hard work and partly by his “ wits ”.

D．With the writing of Robinson Crusoe , the English novel was born.

小题5:The author’s attitude towards Daniel Defoe is .

A．critical

B．supporting

C．both A and B

D．opposing

题型：不详难度：| 查看答案

Here’s a movie—a sharp, sugar-rush of fun that’s guaranteed to entertain the entire family.
With some terrific computer-generated effects, a great cast and a fun-packed storyline, Robots is the best animated film (动画片) since The Incredibles. Yep, it really is that good.
Set in a world populated by robots, Ewan McGregor plays Rodney Copperbottom, a young robot who leaves his small-town home to pursue his dream of becoming an inventor.
But after arriving in Robot City, his hopes of getting a job at Bigweld Industries are destroyed when he learns the firm has been taken over by the evil Ratchet (Greg Kinnear).
Egged on by his controlling mum, Madame Gasket (Jim Broadbent), Ratchet plans to reduce half of Robot City’s citizens to scrap metal by refusing to sell the spare parts they need to survive.
Instead, he wants to make a fortune selling expensive upgrades that few can afford. As he says, “Why be you when you can be new?”
Aided by a few misfit robots known as the Rustles—including Robin Williams as the cowardly" (胆小的）Fender (“I’m made of a metal called Afraidium”)—Rodney must track down the firm’s founder, Bigweld (Mel Brooks), and convince him to save the city from Ratchet’s plans.
The first thing that’ll strike you about the movie is the thought that"s gone into creating Robot City. It’s a wondrous world full of mechanical marvels including wind-up cars and walking streetlamps.
Also terrific are the special effects. This might be an animated movie but at times you’ll catch yourself thinking it’s really a live-action film.
Of course, there have been plenty of animated movies that looked the part but were let down by a weak storyline (see Shark Tale, for example).
But Robots grips (扣人心弦) right from the start thanks to a heart-warming and thoroughly engaging plot that never bores.
My only complaints are with Williams who, as usual，has a one-in-10 success rate with his jokes. Also a letdown is a romantic subplot between Rodney and a shapely robot called Cappy (Halle Berry) that doesn’t go anywhere.
Complains aside, this is a mechanical marvel that’ll have you bolted firmly to your seat.
BEST QUOTE(引述): Fender: “Even though you had a discouraging day, just remember there’s another one coming tomorrow.”
BEST BIT: Check out those amazing images.
WORST BIT: Robin Williams, character does an unfunny Britney Spears dance routine.
IF YOU LIKED…Ice Age, The Incredibles, Toy Story... YOU’LL LIKE THIS.
小题1:This piece of writing is a _______.

A．commercial advertisement	B．film review
C．movie poster	D．literary essay

小题2:The cast of Robots is made up of all the following actors or actresses EXCEPT _______.

A．Ewan McGregor	B．Robin Williams
C．Britney Spears	D．Halle Berry

小题3:What is Shark Tale an example of?

A．A great cast.	B．A poor plot.
C．Special effects.	D．Clumsy animation.

题型：不详难度：| 查看答案

Below is an entry taken from an English dictionary．

小题1:“Be careful not to scratch the furniture" most probably means “Be careful not to ”．

A．remove any marks	B．damage its surface
C．make any noises	D．change its position

小题2:The word "scratch" in "Some drawings had been scratched on the back of the door" has the same meaning as in“ ”．

A．We scratched some of the dirt away

B．The car"s paintwork is badly scratched

C．The dog; kept scratching at the door to go out．

D．They scratched lines in the dirt to make marks

小题3:“She．had scratched because of a knee injury" might imply that “She couldn"t ．

A．take part in a race	B．cancel a prepared activity"
C．make a living af6ne	D．make enough money

小题4:When the French girl says "I learned German from scratch iii six months she means she ．

A．had previously well prepared

B．was unsatisfied with her German

C．knew no German before that

D．found few materials available

题型：不详难度：| 查看答案

The kings of ancient Egypt built strong tombs（坟墓）to keep their bodies safe after death and to hold their treasures. The Great Pyramid was built thousands of years ago for a king called Khufu. It is located on the west bank of Nile River not far from Cairo. In fact all the pyramids along the Nile are on its west bank. The ancient Egyptians compared the rising of the sun to the beginning of life and the setting of the sun to the end of life. This is why their dead bodies were buried on the west bank of the Nile. The people of Mexico also built pyramids. They did not build the pyramids for tombs. They used to build a pyramid and then a temple on top of it. The pyramids of Mexico are not as high as the pyramids of Egypt, but they are big. Each of the pyramids has a wide stairway that goes from the bottom to the top.
The biggest pyramid in Mexico is almost 2000 years old. Scientists think it took 10,000 men more than ten years to build it. On the top they built a temple of the sun. The temple is no longer there but people still call it the Pyramid of the Sun. Near it is another huge pyramid, the Pyramid of the Moon.
小题1:In ancient Egypt pyramids were built .

A．for visitors to see	B．for kings to live in
C．as the kings’ tombs	D．for king Khufu

小题2:All the pyramids along the Nile are on its west bank, because in ancient Egypt people thought

A．they died in the west

B．the sun sets in the west

C．the end of their lives was like the setting of the sun

D．they would go to the west after death

小题3:Which of the following is Wrong?

A．The kings of ancient Egypt built strong tombs only to hold treasures.

B．The ancient Egyptians compared the rising of the sun to the beginning of life and the setting of the sun to the end of life.

C．The biggest pyramid in Mexico is nearly 2000 years old.

D．Near the Pyramid of the Sun, there is the Pyramid of the Moon.

题型：不详难度：| 查看答案