Janice is an American engineer working in Nanjing. She and her husband George, w
题型：不详难度：来源：
Janice is an American engineer working in Nanjing. She and her husband George, who is teaching English at a university, have been eager to get to know Chinese people better, so they were pleased when Liu, Janice’s young co-worker, invited them to her home for dinner.
When they arrived, Liu introduced them to her husband Yang and asked them to sit down at a table containing eight plates of various cold dishes. Half an hour later she came back and sat down and the three began to eat. Yang came in from time to time, putting hot dishes on the table. Most of the food was wonderful, though neither George nor Janice could eat the fatty pork, and there was much more than they could eat. They kept wishing Yang would sit down so they could talk to him. Finally he did sit down to eat a bit, but soon it was time to go home.
Janice and George felt slightly depressed by this experience, but returned the invitation two weeks later. They decided to make a nice American meal and felt lucky to find olives, crackers(脆饼), tomato juice, and even some cheese in the shop. They put these out as appetizers（开胃品）. For the main course they prepared spaghetti and a salad.
When Liu and Yang arrived and began to have dinner, they took small tastes of the appetizers and seemed surprised when both George and Janice sat down with them. They ate only a little spaghetti and didn’t finish the salad on their plates. After a while, George cleared the table and served coffee and pastries(糕点). Yang and Liu each put four spoons of sugar into their coffee but didn’t drink much of it and ate only a bite or two of pastry.
After they left, George and Janice were upset. “ We left their place so full but they’re going to have to eat again when they get home. What went wrong?
小题1:What do we know about the dinner at Liu’s home?| A．It lasted about half an hour. | | B．There were eight dishes in all. | | C．the hot dishes were mainly cooked by Yang. | | D．Many dishes were cooked in American style. |
小题2:Why did the American couple feel a bit depressed after dinner at Liu’s home?| A．They received a cold welcome. | | B．The fatty pork was not delicious. | | C．The dinner was not well prepared. | | D．Yang spent little time talking with them. |
小题3:During the dinner at Janice’s home, Liu and Yang _______.| A．found little food to enjoy. | | B．ate much salad and pastry. | | C．drank a lot of coffee with much sugar. | | D．showed much interest in American food. |
小题4:The text is most likely to be found in a book about _______.| A．cooking skills | B．cultural differences | | C．language learning | D．business management |
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答案
小题1:C
小题2:D
小题3:A
小题4:B |
解析
试题分析：文章介绍了美国夫妇和中国夫妇互相到彼此的家做客，期间，发生了一些不和谐的事情，这些都是文化差异造成的，他们的饮食文化和代人接客都不同。
小题1:细节题：从第二段的句子：Yang came in from time to time, putting hot dishes on the table. 可知在Liu的家，大部分食物都是她丈夫做的，选C
小题2:细节题：从第二段的句子：They kept wishing Yang would sit down so they could talk to him. Finally he did sit down to eat a bit, but soon it was time to go home.和第三段的句子：Janice and George felt slightly depressed by this experience, 可知美国夫妇感到难过因为杨几乎没有和他们聊天。选D
小题3:推理题：从第四段的句子：They ate only a little spaghetti and didn’t finish the salad on their plates. After a while, George cleared the table and served coffee and pastries(糕点).可知Liu 和Yang在 Janice 家里没有什么东西可吃。选A
小题4:主旨题：文章介绍了美国夫妇和中国夫妇互相到彼此的家做客，期间，发生了一些不和谐的事情，这些都是文化差异造成的，选B |
举一反三
Started in 1636, Harvard University is the oldest of many colleges and universities in the United States. Yale, Princeton, Columbia and Dartmouth were all started before the American Revolution made the thirteen colonies(殖民地) into states.
In the early years, these schools were much alike. Only young men attended colleges. All the students studied the same subjects, and everyone learned Latin, Greek and Hebrew. Little was known about science then, and one kind of school could teach everything that was known about the world. When the students graduated, most of them became ministers or teachers.
In 1782, Harvard started a medical school for young men who wanted to become doctors. Later, lawyers(律师) could receive their training in Harvard’s law school. In 1852, Harvard began teaching modern languages, such as French and German, as well as Latin and Greek. Soon it began teaching American history.
As knowledge increased, Harvard and other colleges began to teach many new subjects that interested them.
Special colleges for women were started. New state universities began to teach such subjects as farming, engineering and business. Today, there are many different kinds of colleges and universities. Most of them are divided into smaller schools that deal with special fields of learning. There is so much to learn that one kind of school cannot offer it all.
小题1: Yale, Princeton, Columbia and Dartmouth were the names of the _______ in America.| A．states | B．cities | C．universities | D．colonies |
小题2:As knowledge increased, colleges began to teach _______.| A．everything that is known | B．many new subjects | | C．French and German | D．farming |
小题3:The title of this passage should be _______.| A．Famous Harvard University | | B．American Universities | | C．The Changing of American Universities | | D．The American Revolution |
小题4:Which statement does the passage lead you to believe?| A．The early schools are still much alike. | | B．There is more to learn today than in 1636. | | C．All the early students worked harder. | | D．Students in modern America learn only science. |
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When someone says, “Well，I guess I’ll have to face the music”， it doesn’t mean that he is planning to go to hear a singer or attend a concert. It is something far less unhappy than you are called in by your leader to explain why you did this and that or why you did not do this or that.
At some time or another, every one of us has to “face the music”, especially as children. We can all remember father’s angry words “I want to talk to you”. And only because we did not listen to him. What a bad thing it was！
In the middle or at the end of every term, we students have to “face the music”. The result of the exam will decide whether we will face the music or not. If...that means parents cold faces and contempt (轻视) of the teachers and classmates.
“To face the music” is well known to every American, young or old. It is at least 100 years old. It really means that you have to do something, no matter how terrible the whole thing might be, because you know you have no choice.
小题1:“To face the music” means “to__________”.| A．do something that we don’t like to | | B．go to the theatre | | C．go to the music show | | D．do something that we want to |
小题2:In the third paragraph， “If…”really means “If__________”．| A．we don’t do a good job | B．we get an “A” in the exam | | C．the exam is easy | D．the exam is difficult |
小题3:Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?| A．“To face the music” is well known in the United States． | | B．“To face the music” has a history of more than 100 years． | | C．The young Americans know what “to face the music” means． | | D．Only the old in the United States know the meaning of “to face the music”． |
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This word “gift” is an example of a false friend--- a word that looks the same in two languages, but which actually has two different meanings. As English is basically a mixture of German, French and Latin, there are many words that are similar in these languages. For example, the English word “education” is “education” in Spanish. And the English words “word, book, nine, house” are “Wort, Buch, Neun, Haus” in german.
These similar-looking words can be very helpful when learning other languages --- they’re our “friends”. However, sometimes they can turn out or be “false friends”. Here are a few examples.
In English, someone who is “sensible” thinks before they act and shows good judgement. For example , “The sensible thing to do would be to consult a lawyer.” However, in Spanish, “sensible ” means “sensitive” (showing understanding of other people’s problems, needs or feelings).
The English word “coin” refers to a piece of money made of metal. For example, “I had a few coins in my pocket.” But the French word “coin” means “corner”.
The English word “library” is a place where you can go to borrow books. For example, “I borrowed six books from the library.” But the Spanish word “libreria” refers to a bookshop (where you buy books).
The English word “actually” means “in fact”. For example, “Actually I’m not Italian, I’m form American.” But the Spanish word “actualmente” means “currently” or “at the moment”.
Finally, the English word “embarrassed” means “ashamed”. For example, “They looked a bit embarrassed.” However, the Spanish term “embarazada” means “pregnant” (with a child).
小题1: We can learn from the first two paragraphs that English _______.| A．is easy to master | | B．is simpler than Spanish | | C．has a complex background | | D．has changed greatly throughout history |
小题2: Which of the following pairs of words are true friends according to the author?| A．Nine and Neun. | B．Library and libreria. | | C．Actually and actualmente. | D．Embarrassed and embarazada. |
小题3: According to the text, in Spanish ______.| A．“coin” means “corner” | | B．“gift” refers to something negative | | C．“educacion” simply means “book” | | D．“sensible” doesn’t necessarily means “wise” |
小题4: The author develops the text mainly by ______.| A．following the order of space | B．comparing different ideas | | C．providing typical examples | D．analyzing the cause and effect |
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Tourism probably started in Roman times．Rich Romans visited friends and family who were working in another part of the Roman empire．But when the empire broke down, this kind of tourism stopped．
In the early 17th century, the idea of the “Grand Tour” was born．Rich young English people sailed across the English Channel（英吉利海峡）．They visited the most beautiful and important European cities of the time, including Paris in France, and Rome and Venice（威尼斯）in Italy．Their tours lasted for two to four years, and the tourists stayed a few weeks or months in each city．The “Grand Tour” was an important part of young people’s education—but only for the rich．
In the 18th century, tourism began to change．For example, people in the UK started to visit some towns, such as Bath to “take the waters”．They believed that the water there was good for their health．So large and expensive hotels were built in these towns．
In the 19th century, travel became much more popular and faster．When the first railways were built in the 1820s, it was easier for people to travel between towns, so they started to go for holidays by the sea．And some started to have holidays in the countryside as cities became larger, noisier and dirtier．
Traveling by sea also became faster and safer when the first steamships were built．People began to travel more to far-away countries．
The 20th century saw cars become more and more popular among ordinary people．Planes were made larger, so ticket prices dropped and more people used them．
Thus tourism grew．In 1949, Russian journalist Vladimir Raitz started a company called Horizon Holidays．The company organizes everything—plane tickets, hotel rooms, even food—and tourists pay for it all before they leave home．The package tour and modern tourist industry was born．
The first travel agency in China was set up as early as 1949．But tourism did not take off until 1978．In 2002, the industry was worth 500 billion Yuan and became an important part of China’s social development．
小题1:In the early times, the travelers __________．| A．all came from Roman | | B．had lots of money | | C．were very young and strong | | D．traveled by boat |
小题2:Which of the following is true？| A．The young men learned little from Grand Tour． | | B．Tourism became faster and safer when the first railways were built in the 18th century． | | C．More people chose planes for its cheap price． | | D．In 2002, tourism became a significant part of China’s social development． |
小题3:_________played the most important role in the tourism development．| A．Education | B．Transportation | C．Money | D．People’s ideas |
小题4:Modern tourism was born ___________．| A．in 1978 | B．in Roman times | C．in the early 17th century | D．in 1949 |
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A fellow speaker from California named Geri flew to Japan, in her favorite jeans and a casual jacket, to give her first speech. Fourteen hours later, four perfectly dressed Japanese gentlemen greeted her at Narita Airport. Smiling and bowing low, they handed her their business cards. With her bag in one hand, Geri took their cards with the other. She thanked them, glanced briefly at the cards, and put them into her jeans pocket quickly.
When the five of them arrived at the hotel, they invited Geri to tea in the lobby (大厅). While sipping tea, the gentlemen presented her with a small gift which she eagerly opened. She was thrilled with the gift and shouted excitedly, “Oh, it’s beautiful!”
At this point, the four Japanese gentlemen stood up and, bowing only very slightly, said “Sayonara” and left immediately. Poor Geri was left astonished. What did she do wrong?
Everything! Her jeans were the first gaffe. Even if you’re coming off a bicycle in Japan, you do not meet c1ients (客人) casually dressed. The second mistake was Geri’s handling of their business cards rudely. In Japan, the business card is one of the most important communicative tools. It is always presented and accepted respectfully with both hands. However, Geri put their cards away much too quickly. In Japan, people use business cards as a conversation starter. You chat about each other’s cards and work and do not put theirs away until they gently and respectfully place yours in safekeeping. Putting it carelessly into her jeans pocket was the ultimate disrespect.
Then, the fourth horror of horrors was that Geri should not have opened the gift in front of her clients. In a land where saving face is critical, it would be embarrassing to discover the gift they gave was not as nice as the one they received. What is worse, Geri hadn’t even given them a gift!
小题1:In the four Japanese gentlemen’s eyes, Geri took their cards _____________.| A．excitedly | B．embarrassingly | C．politely | D．disrespectfully |
小题2:Why did the four Japanese gentlemen leave Geri suddenly?| A．Because they couldn’t bear Geri’s behavior any longer. | | B．Because they had finished the task. | | C．Because Geri had something more important to do. | | D．Because Geri felt embarrassed. |
小题3:What does the underlined word “gaffe” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?| A．ignorance | B．sadness | C．mistake | D．carelessness |
小题4:The third mistake Geri made was that she _____________.| A．used her own card as a conversation starter | | B．took her clients’ cards with one hand | | C．kept her clients’ cards in a wrong place | | D．met her clients in jeans |
小题5:What lesson can we draw from this story?| A．Honesty is the best policy. | | B．Think twice before you take any action. | | C．When in Rome, do as the Romans do. | | D．Don"t claim to know what you don"t know. |
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