Brighton is in the county of East Sussex, on the South coast of England. Situate
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Brighton is in the county of East Sussex, on the South coast of England. Situated between the English Channel and the South Downs, Brighton is 90 km from London. Brighton"s nearby neighbor, Hove, is seen by some as a more desirable location than Brighton and it is often referred to by locals as "Hove, actually".
Brighton is a small city but there"s probably as much going on here as anywhere in the country except London. Brighton has numerous entertainment facilities, which additionally serve a considerable business conference industry. There"s a huge range of entertainment venues, including comedy at the Brighton Komedia, world music, opera and ballet at the Brighton Dome, jazz at the Joogleberry, top stars at the Brighton Centre and pre-West End shows at the Theatre Royal. The live music scene is also alive and well with several bands originating from the Brighton area going on to have commercial success in recent years.
Every year in May, Brighton hosts the "Brighton Festival" ------ the largest arts festival in England. Brighton"s theatres, concert halls, streets and some of the city"s most extraordinary venues host an array of art, entertainment and extravaganza (盛大表演). The earliest feature of the festival, "Open Houses" ------ homes of artists and crafts people, opened up to the public as galleries and usually sell the works of the inhabitants and their friends.
Students at the two universities in the area give the city a youthful vitality (活力), and in the summer, thousands of young students from all over Europe gather in the city to attend language courses. In addition to the usual coastal attractions, vacationers are drawn to the city"s Georgian architecture, trendy shops, and fine restaurants. Points of interest also include the Edwardian Preston Manor, the ornate Royal Pavilion, the engaging Sea Life Center, and a variety of museums and art galleries.
小题1:What"s the author’s purpose of writing the passage? | A．To introduce Brighton to the readers. | | B．To attract foreign students to study in Brighton. | | C．To show his admiration for the city of Brighton. | | D．To list entertainments in Brighton. |
小题2:What does the first paragraph mainly tell us?| A．The term of "Hove" | | B．The situation of Brighton. | | C．The county of East Sussex. | | D．The distance between Brighton and London. |
小题3:According to the passage，where can you go if you enjoy watching opera? | A．Brighton Komedia. | B．Joogleberry. | | C．Theatre Royal. | D．Brighton Dome. |
小题4:Why do people in Brighton have a good time in May every year?| A．Because they can enjoy all kinds of music played by top artists. | | B．Because top stars from the world will go to Perform there. | | C．Because the largest arts festival in England is held there. | | D．Because the local people can appreciate works in the Open Houses. |
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答案
小题1:A
小题2:B
小题3:D
小题4:C |
解析
试题分析：这篇文章介绍了Brighton的地理位置，人文情况和文化特色。
小题1:根据全文内容以及Brighton is in the county of East Sussex, on the South coast of England.故选A。
小题2:根据Situated between the English Channel and the South Downs, Brighton is 90 km from London. Brighton"s nearby neighbor, Hove, is seen by some as a more desirable location than Brighton and it is often referred to by locals as "Hove, actually". Brighton is a small city but there"s probably as much going on here as anywhere in the country except London.可知第二自然段主要告诉我们Brighton的情况，故选B。
小题3:根据There"s a huge range of entertainment venues, including comedy at the Brighton Komedia, world music, opera and ballet at the Brighton Dome, jazz at the Joogleberry, top stars at the Brighton Centre and pre-West End shows at the Theatre Royal.所以答案为D。
小题4:根据Every year in May, Brighton hosts the "Brighton Festival" ------ the largest arts festival in England. Brighton"s theatres, concert halls, streets and some of the city"s most extraordinary venues host an array of art, entertainment and extravaganza (盛大表演).因此选C。
点评：要想答好题目，重在理解全文意思。这篇文章比较难，先看问题，再带着问题读短文，找出各段落的主旨句，理解全文内容，总结全文中心，然后再回到问题上来，很容易选出正确答案。多了解一些常识性知识有利于阅读理解。如果对文章的相关背景有所了解，读起文章一定既省时又省力。因此，在学习过程中，了解各方面的背景知识是十分重要的。 |
举一反三
Surprises often come in boxes. Birthday presents wrapped in colorful paper, brown paper packages mailed from a friend. No matter what kind of box it is, people like to open it up and see what"s inside. In America, and in many other countries, one special kind of box contains the future. It"s called a ballot box. What people put into the box on election day can change the course of history.
Elections are the lifeblood of a democracy. The word democracy literally means "the people rule," an important concept in American history. In the mid-1700s, England began passing laws that made the American colonies angry. The colonists had to pay more and more taxes and enjoyed less and less freedom. They felt the government of England didn"t represent their interests. On July 4, 1776, the colonies declared their independence from England. They wanted to establish a democracy where people could have a voice in government.
An effective democracy holds regular elections. In America, elections are held every two years for members of Congress. In these elections, all seats in the House of Representatives and one-third of the Senate seats are up for grabs. In addition, every four years, voters go to the polls to elect the nation"s president and vice-president. Voters also regularly cast their ballots for state and city government leaders and local school board members. Sometimes they also have to vote on a proposed law.
In the American electoral system, people don"t really vote for presidential candidates. Instead, voters cast their ballots for "electors" who support each candidate. Each state has as many electors as the total number of its representatives in Congress. This equals two senators per state plus the number of its representatives in the House (which is based on the state"s population). The candidate who has the most votes in a state wins all of the state"s electors. To win the presidential election, a candidate must gain at least 270 of the 538 total electoral votes.
Over the years, the U.S. has made a number of election reforms. Some early reforms outlawed cheating, giving bribes and threatening voters. They also limited the amount of money candidates could receive from donors and spend on their campaigns. In 1870, black people gained the right to vote, and in 1920, that right was extended to women. In recent decades, laws against unfair rules for voting have been passed. No longer do people have to pay a special tax or pass a test in order to vote. In 1971, the voting age was lowered to 18. Other reforms made voting easier for the blind, the disabled and people who couldn"t read. In some areas, ballots had to be printed in languages besides English.
In November, Americans will again elect those who will represent them in government. Although some citizens aren"t even registered to vote--and some registered voters don"t bother to go to the polls--most Americans exercise their right to vote. They realize that their future is wrapped up in a special package--the ballot box. It"s a package that must definitely be "handled with care."
小题1:According to the context, what does a “ballot box” mean in Chinese?小题2:Democracy means that ____.| A．People couldn’t have a voice in a government. | | B．In America, elections are held every four years for members of Congress. | | C．Democracy is the lifeblood of elections. | | D．Basically “ the people rule”, and it’s very important in American history. |
小题3:How will the votes distributed if Romney got 20 votes while Obama received 17 votes in California in the election?| A．Romney will win 20 votes in California. | | B．Obama will win 20 votes in California. | | C．Romney will win 37 votes in California. | | D．Obama will win 37 votes in California. |
小题4: Which one is RIGHT about election reforms?| A．People have to pay a special tax to vote. | | B．There are bribes and threatening in elections now. | | C．People above eighteen years old can vote now. | | D．The disabled or the blind have tough access to voting. |
小题5: What’s the main idea of this passage?| A．Birthday boxes in the U.S. | B．Election systems in the U.S. | | C．Election reforms in the U.S. | D．Democracy in the U.S. |
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Below are descriptions of six famous states in the U. S.
California is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is the most populous U.S. state and was admitted as the 31st state on September 9, 1850.California"s diverse geography ranges from the Pacific Coast in the west, to the Sierra Nevada mountains in the east. Earthquakes are a common occurrence due to the state"s location along the Pacific Ring of Fire: about 37,000 are recorded annually. The California Gold Rush happened in San Francisco and there is also a famous Silicon Valley. Hollywood exists in Los Angeles, making it the center of entertainment. “The Golden State” has long been a popular designation for California and was made the official State Nickname in 1968.
Florida is a state in the southeastern region of the United States, bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the north by Alabama and Georgia and to the east by the Atlantic Ocean. Miami is the largest metropolitan area in the southeastern United States.The climate varies from subtropical in the north to tropical in the south. Its economy relies mainly on tourism, agriculture, and transportation. Florida is also known for its amusement parks, the production of oranges, and the Kennedy Space Center. Florida has attracted many writers such as Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings, Ernest Hemingway and Tennessee Williams, and continues to attract celebrities and athletes. It is internationally known for golf, tennis, auto racing, and water sports.
Utah is a state in the Western United States. It became the 45th state admitted to the Union on January 4, 1896. Utah is the most religiously homogeneous state in the Union. Approximately 63% of Utahans are reported to be members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints or LDS, which greatly influences Utah culture and daily life. The state is a center of transportation, education, information technology and research, government services, mining, and a major tourist destination for outdoor recreation.
Texas is the second most populous and the second-largest of the 50 states in the United States of America. Houston is the largest city in Texas and the fourth-largest in the United States. Texas is nicknamed the Lone Star State to signify Texas as a former independent republic and as a reminder of the state"s struggle for independence from Mexico. The "Lone Star" can be found on the Texas state flag and on the Texas state seal today. The term "six flags over Texas" came from the several nations that had ruled over the territory. In 1845 it joined the United States as the 28th state. One Texas industry that thrived after the Civil War was cattle. Due to its long history as a center of the industry, Texas is associated with the image of the cowboy.
Virginia, is a U.S. state located in the South Atlantic region of the United States. Virginia is nicknamed the "Old Dominion" and the "Mother of Presidents" after the eight U.S. presidents born there. It is unique in how it treats cities and counties equally, manages local roads, and prohibits its governors from serving consecutive terms. Virginia"s economy has many sectors: agriculture in the Shenandoah Valley; federal agencies in Northern Virginia, including the headquarters of the Department of Defense and CIA; and military facilities in Hampton Roads, the site of the region"s main seaport. Virginia"s public schools and many colleges and universities have contributed to growing media and technology sectors. As a result, computer chips have become the state"s leading export.
Kentucky, is a state located in the east south-central region of the United States. In 1792 it became the 15th state to join the Union. Kentucky is known as the "Bluegrass State", a nickname based on the bluegrass found in many of its pastures because of the fertile soil. It is a land with diverse environments and abundant resources, including the world"s longest cave system, Mammoth Cave National Park, the greatest length of navigable waterways and streams in the contiguous United States, and the two largest man-made lakes east of the Mississippi River.Kentucky is also home to the highest per capita number of deer and turkey in the United States.
小题1: Which state is called the “golden state” and why?| A．California, because of the gold rush. | | B．Texas, because of the stars there. | | C．Virginia, because of a famous mother there. | | D．Kentucky, because of the famous “KFC” there. |
小题2:The famous writer of “The Old Man and the Sea” once lived in____.| A．Virginia | B．Texas | C．California | D．Florida |
小题3: How is the correct time order for different states to join the U.S.?| A．California – Utah—Texas – Kentucky | | B．Kentucky–Texas – California – Utah | | C．Kentucky–California – Texas —Utah | | D．California –Kentucky—Texas –Utah |
小题4: Which of the following match is WRONG?| A．Cowboys in Texas. | | B．Utah and religions. | | C．Hollywood in Virginia. | | D．Kennedy Space Center in Florida. |
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Hilton Shanghai, the city"s first international hotel, has been recognized as a top business hotel in Shanghai for its convenient location and outstanding facilities for more than 20 years.
However, the hotel"s newly appointed general manager Gerd Knaust says it is the people that make the hotel successful.
More than 380 employees have been working with the hotel for more than 15 years. Some of them have personal relationships with customers.
""It"s a people-relation business,"" Knaust says. ""They really tell me about the stories in the last 15 years. It"s something very nice to listen to. It"s also a lasting memory for the guests.""
In fact, over the years, some of the guests have stayed in the hotel 200 or even 300 times.
Knaust, who has been working in the hospitality industry for more than 30 years, started his career as a chef in Germany. During his early 30s, Knaust already moved to the top in the culinary (烹调的) field as director of kitchen of Hyatt Regency Cologne in Germany.
After holding several general manager positions in Mandarin Oriental hotels, Knaust joined Hilton International as the general manager to open the Conrad and Doubletree by Hilton at Haitang Bay, Sanya in 2010.
When he was appointed as the general manager of Hilton Shanghai in November, he not only was heavily involved in recruitment, sales and marketing strategies but also he worked closely with the food and beverage team to develop the hotel"s restaurant concepts and menus.
""I believe that we should offer quality and healthy food."" he says.
Knaust believes that a hotel must value the customers" comments on Ctrip, Trip Advisor and other platforms, etc.
""It keeps us more on guard to be 100 percent professional,"" he says.
小题1:Why do business travelers choose Hilton Shanghai?| A．Because of its location, facilities and good service. | | B．Because it is in Shanghai. | | C．Because its general manager is excellent. | | D．Because some customers are the staff’s relatives. |
小题2:From the passage we know ______ .| A．Hilton Shanghai is the first international hotel in China | | B．Gerd Knaust thinks that the staff is the most important in making the hotel successful | | C．Gerd Knaust has worked in Hilton Shanghai for more than 20 years | | D．most of the employees in Hilton Shanghai have personal relationships with customers |
小题3:Knaust joined Hilton International as the general manager to ______.| A．start his career as chef | | B．be involved in recruitment | | C．open the Conrad and Doubletree | | D．develop the hotel’s restaurant concepts and menus |
小题4:Trip Advisor in the last paragraph but one is likely to be______.| A．a person who can give you some advice about trip | | B．a place where you can have a good trip | | C．an organization which can give you some advice | | D．a website where travelers can leave their advice |
小题5:What is the passage mainly about?| A．First international hotel in Shanghai. | B．How to manage a hotel well. | | C．Knaust"s management idea. | D．Knaust"s life story. |
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What do you do if you don’t get into your first choice of university? That’s the dilemma that faces thousands of British students every year.
Many candidates turn to Clearing, the service that helps find university places for students at the last moment. If they don’t have the marks to get into their first choice of institution, Clearing tells them about places available at other universities, though they might have to read another subject.
But this year has seen a record number of people applying to university. This, combined with the weak economy, an uncertain job market and budget cuts at universities, means that there"s been even more of a scramble for places than usual. Some sources say six students have applied for each remaining undergraduate university place.
The British university admissions service, UCAS, says up to a quarter of this year’s university applicants --- almost 190,000 people --- still don’t have a place on a degree course. That’s a rise of over 46,000 students from last year.
Faced with these figures, some British students might be thinking of an interesting alternative: studying abroad. The University of Nottingham, for example，is offering places at its campuses in Ningbo, near Shanghai, and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Students here can gain University of Nottingham degrees in business, accounting, engineering and English. Similarly, the University of Bolton says it has ‘unlimited’ places at its campus in the United Arab Emirates.
Given the problems getting into university, the UK’s Higher Education Minister, David Willetts, encourages students who haven"t made the grade to consider alternatives to university, such as apprenticeships and studying at home.
"There are a range of options available," he says. "People are able to reapply. They should think how they can spend their year adding that bit to their CV, which would help their application --- getting practical work experience or extra skills --- anything that strengthens their chances next year."
But some experts say that rising university costs, poor long-term job prospects, and a drop in graduate recruitment mean it’s the worst time to be a university student in the UK.
小题1:When the author says this year “there’s been more of a scramble for places” (Para. 3), he means_________________.| A．more people have applied to university | | B．there is more competition between the candidates | | C．there are more services that help find university places | | D．more places are available |
小题2:According to UCAS, there are about ____university applicants this year.| A．190,000 | B．46, 000 | C．236, 000 | D．760, 000 |
小题3:David Willetts encourages students faced with the lack of places on a degree course _____.| A．to consider apprenticeships and studying at home | | B．to study at campus outside the UK | | C．to reapply next year | | D．not to go to university in the UK |
小题4:Which of the following is NOT the reason that may make this year the worst time to enter university?| A．It costs more to study at university. | | B．Long-term job prospects are worse. | | C．Universities offer places in other countries. | | D．There are fewer chances to do graduate study. |
小题5:According to the passage, what can students do if they don’t get into their first choice of university?| A．They can go to work in Clearing. | | B．They can get practical work experience or skills and reapply next year. | | C．They can spend the year writing a better CV. | | D．They do graduate study at home. |
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At a psychology conference in England years ago, a woman said to me: “I’ll knock you up in the morning.” I was taken aback by her strange suggestion, but it occurred to me that I might not have understood what she really meant. As it turned out, what she had meant was, “I’ll knock on your door in the morning so that we can meet for breakfast to discuss the panel we’re on.”
This example of the difference in the meaning of “knock you up” in British and American English shows the complicated situations that can result from cultural misunderstandings. A cultural misunderstanding occurs when something — a word, gesture, object, social context, or almost anything you can think of — has a different meaning in two cultures. Sometimes the misunderstandings get resolved, sometimes they lead nowhere, and sometimes they can become the starting point of something much more extreme, from love to war.
Race is one area where cultural misunderstandings are common. We Americans tend to assume that racial categories are biological rather than social, so it may not occur to us that people from other cultures have a different set of racial concepts and classify themselves and us differently. Some African Americans complain that certain immigrants from other countries, such as Haiti or Jamaica, “act as if they aren’t black.” The cultural misunderstanding is that, in the immigrants’ countries of origin, they would never describe themselves as “black”. This doesn’t mean that they think they are white. It just means that their cultures have more categories, like marabou or grimaud in Haiti, or fair or brown in Jamaica, than are used in the United States. Meanwhile, white people in America, unaware of this cultural diversity, sometimes refer to all darker-skinned people as “black” without realizing that an issue exists.
Resolving cultural misunderstandings can clear the air or even lead to laughter. Sometimes, though, when it comes to race, unidentified cultural misunderstandings can create tension, unhappiness and distrust.
小题1:The main purpose of the first paragraph is to .| A．show that language misunderstandings would cause big problems | | B．show the differences between British and American English | | C．explain in general what cultural misunderstandings are | | D．introduce the idea of cultural misunderstandings with a story |
小题2:The underlined word “resolved” probably means .| A．complicated | B．settled | C．accepted | D．noticed |
小题3:We can learn from the passage that cultural misunderstandings .| A．mostly come from body language | | B．are the most serious social problem in the US | | C．can cause negative feelings among people | | D．can be cleared up with laughter |
小题4:What is the author’s opinion about cultural misunderstandings?| A．There’s no need to notice racial differences. | | B．Haitians prefer to be described as fair or brown. | | C．Cultural misunderstandings based on racial categories may be difficult to spot. | | D．Americans are especially likely to misunderstand people from other cultures. |
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