Nearly all our food comes from the soil. Some of us eat meat, of course, but ani
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Nearly all our food comes from the soil. Some of us eat meat, of course, but animals live on plants. If there were no plants, we would have no animals and no meat. So the soil is very necessary for life. The top of the ground is usually covered with grass or other plants. There may be dead leaves and dead plants on the grass. The waste matter (粪) from animals also falls on it.
All soil needs food. If we do not give it any, the plants will be weak. Farmers found that animals’ waste is the best food for the soil, but chemical fertilizers (化肥) are also very useful. The same crop (庄稼) should not be grown in the same place every year; it’s better to have a different crop. A change of crop and the use of a good fertilizer will keep the land good.
小题1:What would happen first without plants?| A．People would have more crops. | B．Animals would die. | | C．There would be more food. | D．There would be less soil. |
小题2:What does the writer tell us in the first paragraph (段落)?| A．Leaves, plants, grass and waste live on each other. | | B．There would be no animals without meat. | | C．There would be no plants without animals. | | D．People, animals, plants and soil live on each other. |
小题3:Which is the best food for soil in the field?| A．Chemical fertilizers | B．Plants and grass. | C．Animals’ waste. | D．Different crops. |
小题4:Why do we often grow a different crop in the same place every year?| A．Because we can keep the soil rich this way. | | B．Because we don’t have enough land. | | C．Because we want to have a different food. | | D．Because we do this as a habit. |
小题5:What is the best title for the passage?| A．Soil and Waste | B．Plants and Animals | C．Food and Waste | D．Soil and Food |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:D
小题3:C
小题4:A
小题5:D |
解析
试题分析：本文主要讲述了土壤对人类的重要性，如果没有了土壤就没有了一切。因为土壤给我们提供了我们需要的一切。
小题1:B 细节题。根据第一段2,3行If there were no plants, we would have no animals and no meat.说明没有了植物就没有了动物，动物就会死去。故B正确。
小题2:D 推理题。在第一段作者描述了一个食物链，人，动物，和植物之间是相互联系的关系。故D正确。
小题3:C 细节题。根据第二段2,3行Farmers found that animals’ waste is the best food for the soil, but chemical fertilizers (化肥) are also very useful.说明动物的粪便是植物最好的肥料，故C正确。
小题4:A 细节题。根据文章最后一句. A change of crop and the use of a good fertilizer will keep the land good.说明换作物和使用好的肥料可以让土壤更为肥沃。故A正确。
小题5:D 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段可知主要讲述的土壤对人类的重要性，要是没有了土壤，人们就没有了食物。故D正确。
点评：本文主要讲述了土壤对人类的重要性，本文所设试题主要考察细节查找，对于文章中的细节题，要注意文本内容的理解。关键是找出原文的根据，认真核查题支和原文的异同，常犯错误有：绝对化语言，范围扩大或缩小，以偏概全，张冠李戴等。带着问题，再读全文，找出答题所需要的依据，完成阅读。 |
举一反三
Although Paris is often considered the city of romance， close to a million adults who call it home are single. Many single people say that France’s capital is one of the most difficult places to meet people. The complaints of this lonely group have inspired a new phenomenon known as “supermarket dating.” At Galerie Lafayette Gourmet，singles can shop for more than just the items on their grocery list. They can look for someone who has blue eyes， brown hair，and is 1.8 meters tall，or whatever may be on their romantic shopping list.
At this Paris location，single people of all ages can schedule their shopping for Thursday nights between 6:30 and 9:00 p.m. When they walk through the door，they pick up a purple basket to advise that they are looking for love. They try to arrive early because the baskets disappear quickly, and then they have to wait in line for their turn to wander the store aisles(过道).
With purple baskets in hand， shoppers can consider their romantic options while they pick out their groceries. When they are ready to pay， they can go to the checkout line for singles who want to chat.
Most of the people who look for love in the supermarket are skeptical of Internet dating. They know that it is easy to embellish（美化）one’s appearance or to lie about one’s age over the Internet. The supermarket， on the other hand，is considered a safe and casual environment in which to meet a potential match. In addition， what one finds in another’s grocery basket can say a thing or two about that person’s character or intentions. Buying pet food can be a man’s way of showing a potential match that he has a sensitive side. Women who fill their baskets with low-fat food show their healthy style of living. These ways it’s possible to find much more than food at a grocery store.
小题1:What do many single people in Paris complain about?| A．The difficulty in meeting people. | | B．The idea of supermarket dating. | | C．The items on their grocery list. | | D．The inconvenience in shopping. |
小题2:Which of the following can be inferred but is not clearly stated in the second paragraph?| A．The dating supermarket is located in Paris. | | B．The dating supermarket is open only on Thursday evenings. | | C．People looking for love must get a basket of a particular color | | D．The dating supermarket has very good business. |
小题3:How do love shoppers meet one another?| A．They schedule their meeting in advance. | | B．They go through a special checkout. | | C．They pick out their groceries with great care. | | D．They dial the phone numbers on their shopping items. |
小题4:According to the writer，a possible way to win a woman’s heart is to .| A．pick up a purple basket | B．buy low-fat food | | C．embellish your appearance | D．buy pet food |
小题5:Why do the people prefer the supermarket dating to Internet dating?| A．The supermarket dating is more convenient. | | B．The supermarket dating is more casual. | | C．The supermarket dating can be trusted more. | | D．The supermarket dating is less expensive. |
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People are talking about the “new economy.” It’s very different from the “old economy”.
In the old economy, people travel to work. They buy things in stores. They use the post office, the fax and the telephone to send information. They see people face-to-face at their jobs or in stores. People get information from newspapers, radio, television, books and libraries.
In the new economy, people do business through the “net,” which is a connection of millions of computers everywhere in the world. In the new economy, workers often work at home. They can get information online. They can communicate with employers and co-workers by e-mail. Businesses have “virtual (虚拟)stores”. They are websites on which customers can see the products. Businesses can sell to customers anywhere in the world.
In the new economy, people live a fast paced, convenient and colorful life. The whole world develops more quickly than before. But the new economy is a double-edge sword. Its disadvantage is also obvious. For example, the Internet has led to a huge increase in credit card cheating. Some illegal websites offer some cheap or banned goods or services. Online shoppers who enter their credit card information may never receive the goods they want to buy and their card information could even be for sale in an illegal website. So people in the new economy should be smarter and knowledgeable.
小题1:The cause of the differences between the new economy and the old economy is ____.| A．the change of people’s idea | | B．the business people do | | C．the use of the Internet | | D．the change of people’s life |
小题2:“But the new economy is a double-edge sword ” in the last passage means_____.| A．The new economy is as sharp as a sword | | B．The new economy has advantages and disadvantages | | C．The new economy is better than the old economy | | D．Both the new economy and the old economy have disadvantages |
小题3:Which of the following is NOT true?| A．People can get all kinds of information on the Internet. | | B．Telephone, radio, television, newspapers and so on will disappear in the new economy. | | C．People in the new economy should have high quality. | | D．Life in the new economy is more comfortable than the one in the old economy. |
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The National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C., is one of the world"s greatest art museums. Millions of people have entered its doors to see paintings by the world"s fine artists. But if these priceless masterpieces are to be preserved, the Gallery must protect them carefully. The Gallery"s 135-man guard force has successfully prevented them from being stolen, but protecting the paintings from nature is a greater problem.
In past times, the owners of paintings did not protect them from damaging changes in humidity (湿度) and temperature. As a result, the life of these paintings were shortened. In the National Gallery, however, humidity and temperature are carefully controlled. The building is air-conditioned in summer and heated in winter. The air-conditioning and heating system are so important to the life of the painting that the Gallery has two of each system. If one should fail, the extra one can take over.
Light is another enemy of paintings. Ultraviolet rays (紫外线) in light cause paintings to fade (褪色). Long ago, paintings often hung in dark churches and palaces. A coat of varnish (清漆) was a protection from the weak light. But when museums took over the care of many paintings, they were often hung in brighter light than before. Soon they were in danger of fading. The damaging effects of light were increased when the museums removed the varnish coating, yellowed with age.
To protect its paintings, the National Gallery put a special kind of glass in its skylights. This glass allows visible lights to enter the building but it keeps out harmful ultraviolet rays. The Gallery has also developed new and better varnishes which help to keep paintings from fading. Thanks to these new precautions, many of the world"s greatest paintings are being well protected for future generations to enjoy.
小题1:The text mainly tells us about ______.| A．the guard force in the National Gallery | | B．protecting great paintings from nature | | C．priceless paintings of past times | | D．the air-conditioning and heating systems in the National Gallery |
小题2:The underlined word "precautions" in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ______. | A．decorations | | B．problems | | C．suggestions | | D．applications |
小题3:From the text we can infer that_______.| A．great artists painted in dark churches and palaces | | B．you can touch these paintings while you are in the National Gallery | | C．the care of the world"s greatest paintings is both a big responsibility and a great challenge | | D．the guard force in the Gallery has not done a good job |
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根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Two brightly colored butterflies have just flown by. They seems to be exactly alike, but actually one is a little larger than the other. 1 The smaller one has a wingspread of less than three inches and also a black line on its back wings.
At first sight, it is hard to tell them apart. Would you guess from this that they are different-sized butterflies of the same species? 2 If you said yes to either question, you would be wrong, for these look-alikes belong to quite different families.
The larger insect is the monarch butterfly (黑脉金斑蝶). As a baby insect, the monarch feeds on milkweed, which seems to give the monarch a disagreeable taste and smell. 3 Birds that eat butterflies soon recognize the monarch and quickly learn to leave it alone.
4 Birds would find this insect tasty, but because it looks like the monarch, birds keep away from it. The viceroy’s similarity to the monarch gives it some protection from its enemies and helps it survive.
There are other pairs of look-alike butterflies, bees and moths. In each case, one either has a disagreeable taste or smell, or can give a painful sting (叮咬). The larger is called the model. 5 | A．The smaller insect is the viceroy (副王峡蝶), which feeds on the leaves of trees. | | B．The larger insect has a wingspread (翼长) of up to four inches. | | C．The bright coloring of the monarch acts as a warning sign to its enemy. | | D．Birds protect their babies from eating such dangerous enemies. |
E. The insect that imitates this model for protection is called the mimic（保护色）.
F. Or that they are different species of butterflies but close relatives belonging to the same family?
G. Do you like this kind of special species? |
Among the many differences between Western and Chinese cultures, table manners are one of the most noticeable(显著的) differences. Westerners often make mistakes at the table in China or in a Chinese home. In order not to have an embarrassing（尴尬的） experience, here are some things to consider next time you are eating with some Chinese.
Step1:
Keep in mind that food is shared. It is one of the biggest differences between Chinese and Western eating habits. In China a few dishes are placed in the center of a table and shared by all. Also, you should offer thanks when a Chinese host takes food from one of the dishes on the table and places it on your plate. Refusing it would not be polite even if you are full.
Step2:
Respect the chopsticks. The chopsticks are the single most important tool at a Chinese table. Use the chopsticks to grab food and never skewer (叉) it. Also make sure to place your chopsticks over your bowl or plate. Don’t lay them on the table or even worse, stick them into the rice bowl.
Step3:
Use communal(共用的)chopsticks. To take food from the center of the table you should use the communal chopsticks or spoons that are placed there for that purpose. If there are no communal tools, use the other ends of your chopsticks to take food, remembering not to use the other end to put food into your mouth.
Step4:
Respect the elders. Table manners in China place extra respect on elders. At the table, pass food to your elders before taking it for yourself. If someone makes a toast, make sure that when you clink glasses with someone older than you, the rim of your glass is lower than the rim of the elder person.
小题1:How can you use your chopsticks according to the passage? | A．Use them to grab your own food. | | B．Put them on the table. | | C．Use them to skewer the food. | | D．Stick them into the rice bowl. |
小题2:According to the passage, the following are wrong EXCEPT that ________.| A．you don’t have to accept the food a Chinese host places on your plate | | B．a skewer is also a commonly used tool at a Chinese table | | C．one can offer his own chopsticks for communal use when there aren’t any | | D．when clinking glasses, the rim of the younger person should be lower than that of the older person |
小题3:What is the purpose of writing the passage?| A．To let the world get a full understanding of China. | | B．To introduce table manners among different cultures. | | C．To introduce Chinese table manners to Westerners. | | D．To introduce how Chinese table manners came into being. |
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