McDonald"s is the world single biggest food provider with annual sales of around
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McDonald"s is the world single biggest food provider with annual sales of around $12.4bn. And the company"s symbol Ronald McDonald is now （or so the company claims） the world"s most recognized person after Santa Claus.
The first McDonald"s restaurant was opened in San Bernardino, California, in 1948 by brothers Mac and Richard “Dick” McDonald. Mac ran the restaurant side; Dick was the marketing genius. He had already invented the drive-in laundry and had been the first person to use neon lights in advertising. Now he spotted the gap in the post-war, baby-boom market for cheap, family-orientated restaurants with simple menus, standardized food and efficient service.
After a slow start, business began to boom. By 1954, the brothers were joined by another entrepreneur, a kitchen equipment salesman called Ray A Kroc who owned the franchise to the Multimixer, milk shake maker used throughout the McDonald"s chain. A year later, Kroc had bought the McDonald brothers" chain of 25 franchises for the equivalent of around $70m（￡44m）. Dick remained with the company until the Seventies, when he and Kroc fell out over Kroc"s claim that the chain was his creation.
Today, an almost Stalinist cult of personality surrounds Kroc （who died in 1984） at McDonald"s, while the brothers who gave the company its name have all but been written out of its history. But though Kroc did not found McDonald"s, he was certainly responsible for the empire-building philosophy which led to its world domination. He ushered in such essential contributions to international cuisine as the Big Mac （1968） and the Egg McMuffin （1973）; and helped launch Ronald McDonald —— “in any language he means fun” —— on to television in 1963.
Every three hours, a new McDonald"s franchise opens somewhere in the world; it can be found in more than 100 countries including India （vegetarian-only to avoid offending the non-beef-eating populace） and Israel （non kosher, despite fierce local objection）. McDonald"s chain embodied the thrusting, can-do spirit of Fifties America with staff mottoes such as “If you"ve got time to lean, you"ve got time to clean.”
小题1:McDonald"s was founded _____.| A．by a kitchen equipment salesman | | B．in California | | C．by a marketing genius called Dick McDonald | | D．after the first World War |
小题2:What do we know about McDonald"s brothers?| A．They were not McDonald"s founders although they named the restaurant. | | B．Their business was still in depression after several years. | | C．They had clear job separation on business. | | D．They sold their restaurant to a salesman in 1954. |
小题3:Which is not Kroc"s contribution to McDonald"s ?| A．He launched the restaurant image Ronald McDonald on to television. | | B．Under his lead, international cuisine as the Big Mac and the Egg McMuffin earned worldwide fame | | C．He spotted the gap in postwar market for cheap, family-orientated restaurants. | | D．He built McDonald"s empire with a philosophy which led to its world domination. |
小题4:Which statement is true according to the passage?| A．The single biggest food provider was however, not named after its founder | | B．The international cuisine as the Big Mac, a beef hamburger, is provided every chain restaurant in the world. | | C．Employees in McDonald"s have no time to lean. | | D．The symbol Ronald McDonald, means fun in any language, is said to the world most recognized person after Santa Claus. |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:C
小题3:C
小题4:D |
解析
试题分析：麦当劳是世界上单一的最大的食物供应商。世界上第一个麦当劳餐厅开张于1948年在加利福尼亚的San Bernardino，由麦当劳俩兄弟一手创办。经过缓慢的起步，生意开始兴隆起来。1954年，Kroc加入并联手把麦当劳连锁店开到世界各地，为世人所熟知。现在每三个小时在世界上的某一个地方就有一个麦当劳连锁店开张。
小题1:细节理解题。根据第二段的The first McDonald’s restaurant was opened in San Bernardino, California, in 1948 by brothers Mac and Richard “Dick” McDonald.（第一个麦当劳餐厅开张于1948年在加利福尼亚的San Bernardino，由麦当劳俩兄弟一手创办。）排除其他选项，选择B。
小题2:细节理解题。根据第二段的Mac ran the restaurant side; Dick was the marketing genius. （Mac经营着路边的餐馆；Dick则是销售天才。），我们了解到：兄弟俩各有分工。故选C。
小题3:细节理解题。根据第二段最后的Now he （指Dick） spotted the gap in the post-war, baby-boom market for cheap, family-orientated restaurants with simple menus, standardized food and efficient service. （Dick发现了战后刚刚繁荣的便宜的、家庭经营的饭店，简单的菜单、标准的食物和高效的服务。）故选C。
小题4:推断判断题。根据第一段的And the company’s symbol Ronald McDonald is now (or so the company claims) the world’s most recognized person after Santa Claus.(公司的标志Ronald McDonald现在是或者公司自称是当今世界上继圣诞老人之后最容易被认出的人。)和倒数第二段in any language he means fun（无论任何语言，他都是好玩的意思。）” 选择答案D。 |
举一反三
Winners Club
You choose to be a winner！
The Winners Club is a bank account specially designed for teenagers. It has been made to help you better manage your money. The Winners Club is a transaction account（交易账户）where you receive a key-card so you can get to your money 24/7—that’s 24 hours a day, 7 days a week!
It’s a club with impressive features for teenagers：
No account keeping fees！
You’re no millionaire so we don’t expect you to pay large fees. In fact, there are no account keeping or transacting fees!
Excellent interest rates!
You want your money to grow. The Winners Club has a good rate of interest which gets even better if you make at least two deposits（储蓄）without talking them out in a month.
Convenient
Teenagers are busy—we get that. You may never need to come to a bank at all. With the Winners Club you can choose to use handy tellers and to bank from home using the phone and the Internet. You can have money directly deposited into your Winners Club account. This could be your pocket money or your pay from your part-time job!
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Along with your regular report, you will receive a FREE magazine full of good ideas to make even more of your money. There are also fantastic offers and competitions only for Winners Club members.
The Winners Club is a great choice for teenagers. And it is so easy to join. Simply fill in an application form. You will have to get permission from your parent or guardian (so we can organize that cool key-card) but it is easy. We can’t wait to hear from you. It’s the best way to choose to be a winner!
小题1: The Winners Club is a bank account intended for _________.| A．parents | B．teenagers | C．winners | D．adults |
小题2: Which of the following is TRUE about the Winners Club？| A．Special gifts are ready for parents. | | B．The bank opens only on work days. | | C．Services are convenient for its members. | | D．Fees are necessary for the account keeping. |
小题3:If you want to be a member of the Club, you must _________.| A．be an Internet user | B．be permitted by your parent | | C．has a big sum of money | D．be in your twenties |
小题4:What is the purpose of this text?| A．To set up a club. | B．To provide part-time jobs. | | C．To organize key-cards. | D．To introduce a new banking service. |
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DEARAUNTYf
My husband’s niece is 13 and what I would call “a handful”. She wants to stay with us for while, and her mother and grandmother have told me what a great influence I would be on her. Her visit ，no doubt, would bring about a long list of demands’ and she’d want to bring a friend too. I don t feel comfortable hosting her, but I don 3r know how to tell my husband’s family members without hurting their feelings.
-Reluctant Aunt
Dear Reluctant,
Let’s get you out of this mess. Your husband’s family is making a request that borders on a demand and sugarcoating it with self-serving flattery (恭维）• Put your foot down, and tell the truth. Say you don’t feel equipped or comfortable hosting the little darling, and regretfully decline (拒绝).Under no circumstances should you take part in any discussion that attempts to change your mind through flattery.
DEAR AUNTY
have two stepdaughters, 21 and 24. On holidays, the older one always buys me gift but adds her sister’s name on the card. I feel insincere thanking the younger daughter -Vd rather get no gift than be a part of this pretence. Is it tacky (俗气)to ask the 24-year-old to stop giving her sister credit while it isn t deserved? Will the younger one ever learn to be thoughtful?
-Mindful Mum
Dear Mindful,
Lighten up! Your older stepdaughter is a considerate and generous sister who covers for and protects her younger sister. Good for her! The girls’ relationship is between them. As for your role, you can’t punish anyone into being thoughtful. You can, however, model thoughtful behavior. Spend some time with her, and get to know her better.
小题1:The underlined word “a handful” would probably mean a person who______| A．is difficult to deal with | B．enjoys making friends | | C．is easy to get along with | D．gets easily influenced |
小题2:AUNTY suggested that Reluctant Aunt______| A．kindly host the guest | | B．discuss with her husband | | C．politely turn down the request | | D．try to meet all the demands |
小题3:Which of the following is TRUE about the second case?| A．Mindful Mum is very proud of her two step daughters. | | B．The two stepdaughters always buy Mindful Mum gifts. | | C．AUNTY thinks the older sister should be punished. | | D．The older stepdaughter cares for her sister. |
小题4:In which section does the passage most probably appear in a magazine?| A．Entertainment. | B．Advice. | C．Health. | D．Food &Recipes. |
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If you asked high school girls to name their favorite sports, most would probably say basketball or volleyball. I am one of the few girls who would 21 : surfing(冲浪运动). But isn’t that a boy thing? Some people 22 . Most certainly not.
I started surfing about five years ago and 23 in love with the sport on the very first day. Riding the first 24 was the best feeling I had ever experienced.
When I try to 25 surfing with other things, I find it very difficult because, in my 2—___26 , there’s nothing like it. It involves(牵涉到) body and 27 . There’s sand between my toes and cool, salt 28 all around us. The feeling I get when I’m surfing 29 that water, becoming one with the 30 , is like I’m weightless.
The one thing I can 31 from surfing and not any other sport is endless challenge. You can never be the “best surfer” because the ocean 32 an too many kinds of waves that nobody can ever master. The variations of surfing styles are wonderful. Some surfers are free and flowing; others are very aggressive(活跃有力的) and 33 . All of these things attract me to surfing and make it 34 from any other sport.
I’ve 35 to tell every girl I know to do something that people don’t think girls can do. It’s part of being human to advance to new 36 , so shouldn’t it be expected that girls should step up and start 37 __the limits of things boys and men used to dominate(主宰)?
There’re women 38 side by side with the President of our country, so why not side by side with the boys 39 the football team or out in the water surfing? Give girls a chance to 40 , and they will.
| 小题1: | | A．tell | B．answer | C．give | D．realize |
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| 小题2: | | A．wonder | B．understand | C．reply | D．believe |
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| 小题3: | | A．stayed | B．came | C．dropped | D．fell |
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| 小题4: | | A．wave | B．storm | C．sail | D．boat |
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| 小题5: | | A．bring | B．connect | C．compare | D．tie |
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| 小题6: | | A．work | B．study | C．holiday | D．life |
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| 小题7: | | A．mind | B．effort | C．health | D．time |
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| 小题8: | | A．beach | B．ocean | C．water | D．coast |
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| 小题9: | | A．through | B．across | C．over | D．above |
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| 小题10: | | A．sky | B．world | C．earth | D．ocean |
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| 小题11: | | A．take | B．get | C．make | D．keep |
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| 小题12: | | A．catches | B．includes | C．offers | D．collects |
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| 小题13: | | A．sharp | B．great | C．hard | D．calm |
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| 小题14: | | A．known | B．right | C．far | D．different |
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| 小题15: | | A．chosen | B．tried | C．managed | D．promised |
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| 小题16: | | A．levels | B．points | C．steps | D．parts |
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| 小题17: | | A．reaching | B．accepting | C．pushing | D．setting |
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| 小题18: | | A．sitting | B．walking | C．fighting | D．working |
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| 小题20: | | A．think | B．succeed | C．perform | D．feel |
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Although there are no state controlled survival courses in Britain or the United States, there are various independent organizations offering similar activities.
Students can participate ( take part ) in outdoor training courses through university clubs and societies . Anyone can register ( 登记 ) with such groups , which then organize courses ,training and trips for all members .
One of the most popular outdoor training programmes in both the US and Britain , is Outward Bound ( 户外训练 ) . It was founded in 1941 in Wales and attracts hundreds of thousands of adventurous types every year .
The courses are to broaden minds through experiences that build confidence , self-esteem ( 自尊 ) and character . As well as specialist courses such as canoeing , leadership skills and sailing , participants can take part in week long adventure training camps which include a host of sports and survival training education skills .
Michael Williams , an American student , took part in an Outward Bound course last year . He said : “We learned lots of first aid skills , lots of natural history , lots of environmental facts , and participated in a wildlife preservation ( protecting ) programme . Beyond that , my favorite skills learned were sailing and rock climbing .”
Courses can last up to 40 days and are open to anyone over the age of 14 . Students must be in general good health , but do not need to be experienced in outdoor-sports . There is no selection process ; everyone is welcome , although new participants are advised to pick a course matching their physical power .
Most of the British courses take place in the Beacons in Wales . Another similar organization is the UK Survival School , which includes courses on learning to live with the environment , sailing and winter survival . On a basic survival weekend students will learn how to get water and food , how to make fire and cook with it , to find and build a shelter , control survival life support , how to cross rivers , send off an SOS signal , and to use compasses by day and night .
According to the leaders , such adventures are “an awakening , an exploration into unknown.” Outward Bound believes that participants will “use mind and body traveling some of the earth’s roughest wildness areas .”
小题1:The advantage of the training courses is that _________________ .| A．participants can make friends with others | | B．participants can visit some places of interest | | C．participants can experience different adventures | | D．participants can learn how wonderful nature is |
小题2: In the Outward Bound course last year , the most exciting experience Michael Williams had was _____________________.| A．learning first aid skills | B．collecting facts of environment | | C．preserving wildlife | D．rock climbing and sailing |
小题3:What’s the writer’s purpose to write this passage ?| A．To introduce the training course to readers | | B．To persuade readers to take part in the training courses. | | C．To tell readers the danger of this training course | | D．To introduce the wonders of the world to readers |
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A few months before I was born, my Dad met a stranger who was new to our small town. From the beginning, Dad was fascinated with this enchanting newcomer and soon invited him to live with our family. The stranger was quickly accepted and was around to welcome me into the world a few months later.
As I grew up, I never questioned his place in my family. In my young mind, he had a special position. My parents were complementary instructors：Mom taught me the words, and Dad taught me to obey them. But the stranger... He was our storyteller. He would keep us spellbound for hours on end with adventures, mysteries and comedies(喜剧).
If I wanted to know anything about politics，history or science，he always knew the answers about the past, understood the present and even seemed able to predict the future! He made me laugh, and he made me cry. The stranger never stopped talking, but Dad didn"t seem to mind.
I now know that my early concepts about relationship were influenced strongly by the stranger. Time after time, he opposed the values of my parents, yet he was seldom blamed...and NEVER asked to leave.
More than fifty years have passed since the stranger moved in with our family. He has blended(融合) right in but is not nearly as fascinating as he was at first. Still, if you were to walk into my parent"s room today, you would still find him sitting over in his corner, waiting for someone to listen to him talk and watch him draw his pictures. His name?
We just call him...“TV”.
He has a younger sister now. We call her “Computer”.
小题1:When the stranger came to live with our family, he was ________.| A．ignored by the children | | B．driven away for no reason | | C．abandoned because it was too noisy | | D．accepted by every family member |
小题2:The stranger can do all the following things EXCEPT that he can ________.| A．tell us some funny stories | B．reject our proposals(提议) | | C．influence the children"s character | D．predict the future |
小题3:The underlined word “spellbound” in Paragraph 2 most probably means ________.| A．concentrated | B．puzzled | | C．fascinated | D．astonished |
小题4:What can we learn from the last three paragraphs of the passage?| A．The computer is more advanced and has gained greater popularity. | | B．Old as he is，we like the stranger best. | | C．The TV set is out of fashion and often breaks down. | | D．We decide to throw the TV set away immediately. |
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