Are you nervous about climbing because you think it"s too dangerous? Do you feel
题型：不详难度：来源：
Let"s consider the idea that climbing is dangerous．Being afraid is natural, but if you use suitable ropes and other climbing equipments you will feel completely safe．Climbers are usually very careful because they know what they are doing is dangerous．Accidents happen, but when they do, they tend to attract a lot of publicity．As a result, people think there are many more accidents than there are in reality．
You cannot expect to start climbing straight away．Climbing is a challenge and challenges take time．It is necessary first of all that you achieve a good level of fitness．Begin as soon as you become interested in climbing? go to the gym, go swimming, take up jogging and continue to do so throughout your training period．
Discover as much as you can about climbing．Visit the library and find book, especially for beginners or buy climbing magazines and look for articles which describe your situation．Look up information on the Internet．Find out about equipment, methods and places to go．
Next, take a course on a climbing wall．There are plenty of climbing walls all over the country which have trained and qualified people as instructors．Call your local leisure centre to find out if there is one in your area. These training sessions are a quick way to get experience and you are likely to meet other beginners. After this, you can do an outside course of join a club where you can meet climbers of all abilities and eventually join in group-climbing events.
At first you may not understand the importance of a good training period, but after you have completed your first climb and you are standing safely at the top of a rock feeling thrilled, then you will know it was the right thing to do.
小题1:The article is written by .
| A．a doctor | B．an experienced climber |
| C．a beginner | D．a fitness instructor |
| A．begin by becoming fit |
| B．have the courage to meet the challenges |
| C．be aware of the causes of the accidents |
| D．do enough sports to get interested in climbing |
| A．join a club you like |
| B．gain controlled experience |
| C．become qualified instructors |
| D．take part in group-climbing events |
| A．the climb | B．the training | C．the equipment | D．the achievement |
答案
小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:B
小题4:B
解析
举一反三
So it seems contradictory to talk about habits in the same context as innovation (创新). But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks.
Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct our own change by consciously developing new habits. In fact, the more new things we try, the more creative we become.
But don’t bother trying to kill off old habits; once those ruts of procedure are worn into the brain, they’re there to stay. Instead, the new habits we deliberately press into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads.
“The first thing needed for innovation is attraction to wonder,”says Dawna Markova, author of The Open Mind.“But we are taught instead to‘decide’, just as our president calls himself‘the Decider’．”She adds, however, that“to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one. A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities.”
“All of us work through problems in ways of which we’re unaware,”she says. Researchers in the late 1960s discovered that humans are born with the ability to approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically, procedurally, collaboratively (合作地) and innovatively. At the end of adolescence, however, the brain shuts down half of that ability, preserving only those ways of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.
The current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us use our innovative and collaborative ways of thought.“This breaks the major rule in the American belief system—that anyone can do anything,”explains M. J. Ryan, author of the 2006 book This Year I Will…and Ms. Markova’s business partner.“That’s a lie that we have preserved, and it fosters commonness. Knowing what you’re good at and doing even more of it creates excellence.”This is where developing new habits comes in.
67．Brain researchers have discovered that .
A．the forming of new habits can be guided
B．the development of habits can be predicted
C．the regulation of old habits can be transformed
D．the track of new habits can be created unconsciously
68．The underlined word“ruts”in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to .
A．zones B．connections C．situations D．tracks
69．Which of the following statements most probably agrees with Dawna Markova’s view?
A．Decision makes no sense in choices.
B．Curiosity makes creative minds active.
C．Creative ideas are born of a relaxing mind.
D．Formation of innovation comes from fantastic ideas.
70．The purpose of the author writing this article is to persuade us .
A．to give up our traditional habits deliberately
B．to create and develop new habits consciously
C．to resist the application of standardized testing
D．to believe that old habits conflict with new habits
A while ago my family and I went sledding(滑雪橇) and as I watched my children climbing up the slope I started thinking.
Many people are convinced that most of today’s 26 problems are because of the “me” generation. Youngsters are just out for themselves and pay no 27 to others or their needs. Indeed, a common belief is that today’s youngsters won’t do anything 28 there is something in it for them.
Yet, while sledding, I saw a 29 side. I watched my two oldest children (then five and four) take my youngest(then two years old)by the hand to help her up the slippery slope 30 they went up. They would have been 31 without her, but not once did they try to sneak （溜掉）by her without helping. And when the sled 32 my two daughters was aimed toward the edge, it was my five year old son who ran to them to 33 them from falling and hurting themselves.
These children sometimes 34 among themselves and, on occasion, behave horribly. But I can 35 them shopping and know that they won’t ask for anything, I can talk to them about tsunami or hurricane victims and know that they will offer to 36 some of their own money to the cause, and I can ask them to play with those children 37 on the sideline(作为旁观者) and know that they will befriend（照顾）them.
Perhaps, therefore, the “me” generation is to blame 38 much of society’s problems—not the youngsters who want everything, 39 the adults who have taught them to selfishly 40 only of themselves.
Most adults have been 41 at some time or another, sadly, many 42 that disappointment down to their children. Then the children learn to put themselves first!
Most young children want to help. We can 43 that feeling by teaching the lesson my children learned while sledding: Life is a slippery slope with 44 of bumps(撞伤) and bruises(擦伤), but we can all make it to the 45 if we remember to help those who need it.
26.A.social B.private C.serious D.slight
27.A.thought B.attention C.permission D.pleasure
28.A.if B.as C.while D.unless
29.A.same B.different C.strange D.moral
30.A.some time B.any time C.each time D.the time
31.A.faster B.slower C.easier D.lighter
32.A.containing B.loading C.driving D.carrying
33.A.avoid B.stop C.help D.warn
34.A.cry B.cooperate C.assist D.fight
35.A.take B.drive C.accompany D.guide
36.A.lend B.send C.collect D.pay
37.A.forgotten B.missed C.left D.ignored
38.A.of B.within C.on D.for
39.A.and B.but C.thus D.though
40.A.consider B.speak C.believe D.think
41.A.depressed B.surprised C.disappointed D.embarrassed
42.A.extend B.intend C.pass D.spread
43.A.encourage B.strengthen C.discourage D.approach
44.A.opportunities B.occasions C.promises D.fates
45.A.top B.bottom C.middle D.tip
Act Fast
The most important rule about dealing with disappointing grades is to act fast. Don"t sit around and let them get worse, and definitely don"t ignore them. Instead, admit that you need help and go in search of it soon. The faster you face up to the problem, the faster you can find a solution and see some results.
Tweak your routine
If you are studying hard and still dealing with disappointing grades, it"s probably time to tweak your routine a little. Remember, if you keep doing the same thing all the time you"ll undoubtedly keep getting the same results. Mix things up by asking for help, whether from a friend or fellow student, your teacher or a private tutor. Ask for help with the subject matter and tips for studying on your own.
Study Successfully
Of course it doesn"t matter where you study or who you study with if you are studying the wrong things. Make sure that you are studying successfully by:
*Reviewing your textbooks.
*Looking over your notes from class.
*Taking new notes while you study.
*Investing in study guides.
*Answering all of the review questions you can find.
*Talking through events or concepts that are integral (整体) to your lessons.
Learn From Your Mistakes
If, after all of your changes and redoubling your study efforts, you are still disappointed with your grades, then it is time to figure out exactly where you are going wrong. Look over exam papers and assignments to see if you are having trouble with a particular kind of question (multiple choice, true or false, etc.) or concept. Examine your essays to see if you are explaining your ideas clearly and completely, or if it is the mechanics of your writing (spelling, grammar, etc.) that is letting you down. Request an appointment with your teacher and use this time to discuss your work and get his/her feedback as well.
Dealing with disappointing grades is something that every student will face at one time or another. It won"t be fun, but take a realistic look at your attention in class, your study habits and your performance on past assignments and exam. Figure out where you are having trouble and dedicate yourself to fixing these problems.
51. The purpose of this passage is _______.
A. to introduce practical ways to solve worrying school problems
B. to persuade students to change their attitude toward schoolwork
C. to offer advice on how to improve academic grades at school
D. to emphasize the importance of dealing with disappointing grades
52. The underlined phrase to tweak your routine means _______.
A. to stick to the same study plan and seek help when possible
B. to mix things up before you work out a practical solution alone
C. to examine your everyday life to make room for self improvement
D. to make necessary alterations in your study habits and plans
53. According to the passage, it is desirable to _______.
A. adopt a great variety of successful study methods and work on your own
B. have a study partner who act fast to face up a problem and study successfully
C. find out your weak points by reviewing schoolwork and seek necessary help
D. make an appointment with your teachers and develop useful examination skills
54. The author of this passage is probably a(an) _______.
A. psychologist B. examiner C. parent D. instructor
55. The author thinks that dealing with disappointing grades calls for _______.
A. a strong will power B. a down-to-earth attitude
C. creativity and dedication D. undivided attention
Back in those days, we had very little money, so we couldn’t afford a garden tractor that could make gardening easier. All the preparations has to be done by hand with hoes(锄头)，shovels and Daddy’s trusty plow(犁).
Part of my job in the garden was planting the seeds. I would sow the seeds and Daddy would come behind me with the plow and cover them. I liked to walk behind Daddy when he was planting. Every step he took left an impression. I would try to make my short legs match his stride(大步)and put my tiny feet in his footprints.
One of my gardening tasks was finding worms. We didn’t use a lot of pesticides so we often had worms. Some worms were harder to find because sometimes they would get on the bottom side of the leaves and have a similar color to that of the plant. I had to look very closely for them.
Next came the harvest. That was my mum’s busiest time. There were tomatoes, peas, corn and beans that all had to be washed and “put up” for the winter.
We would sit out in the yard late in the evening when air was cooler until midnight. I would sit and attentively listen to my mum and daddy to tell stories about their past. I loved those times because they created the most precious memories of all for me.
We may not have had too many material possessions, but we had a lot of love. I think our working together as a family to put food on the table helped to strengthen out ties to each other and kept us close.
56. What did the author like to do as a child in the garden?
A. Put up tomatoes, peas, corn and beans for the winter.
B. Follow his father’s footsteps.
C. Plow and cover the seeds.
D. Listen to his parents to tell stories.
57.The underlined word “Pesticides” (in Paragraph 4) most probably means “things that _______”.
A. can make plants grow more quickly
B. can affect the growth of plants
C. kill worms
D. benefit worms
58. What does the author think of his childhood?
A. Poor and miserable. B. Rich and fruitful.
C. Sad and unforgettable. D. Hard but precious.
59. What does the author intend to tell us?
A. Learning to help parents is very important.
B. Family members’ working together is precious.
C. Staying in a garden is helpful to one’s development.
D. A person should be hard-working from childhood.
For me, the idea that all private schools should be banned is not only ridiculous and unrealistic, but goes against the idea of liberty. We must have the freedom to choose between state-funded and privately educated schools. If parents pay taxes, surely they should be able to choose whether they send their children to a state-funded or a privately-funded school.
The economic impacts of abolishing private education are vast. Banning private schools would obviously contribute to a great transfer to state schools. Many state schools are already overburdened; do they really need more pupils? Abolishing private education would lead to higher taxes for taxpayers since more money would be needed to educate the 7% who were previously private educated. In the times of economic crisis, should the taxpayer need to fork out more money to pay for their education? There would also be a great rise in unemployment of the staff who works at private schools.
It is noted that, in general, private schools have better grades at GCSE and A level than state schools. Yet, why do people view this as a bad thing? The higher private school grades eventually force the government to endlessly improve state education so that the middle-classes do not totally abandon state education for private education. This competition creates reform and progress within state schools and eventually promote them! If the private schools did not exist, where would be the impetus for state school improvement?
Government should not simply ban a system which produces results. It should learn from it and use the private education model as a basis for the state education model. Abolishing a successful system will not help anybody, learning from a successful syste
m will.小题1:In the eye of Anirudh Mandagere, parents have the right to ______.
| A．criticize state-funded schools |
B．pay taxes for the promotion of private schools |
| C．choose the way their children receive education |
| D．advocate the competition between state schools and private ones |
| A．obviously contribute to lower taxes |
| B．not cause the state schools to be overburdened |
| C．force the government to boost state education |
| D．lead to many people losing their jobs |
| A．motivation | B．prevention | C．participation | D．assessment |
| A．educate a little fewer students | B．conduct better than all state ones |
| C．are better received by the public | D．are more competitive on the whole |
| A．His wonderful performance results from the education his private school offers. |
| B．Without the existence of private schools, state ones wouldn’t get improved much. |
| C．Private education is a good system to make students successful in life. |
| D．Private schools are supposed to be sponsored more than state ones. |
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