"You are going to the United States to live? How wonderful! You are really lucky."
Perhaps your family and friends said similar things to you when you left home. But does it true
all the time? Is your life in the new country always wonderful and exciting?
Specialists say that it isn"t easy to get used to life in a new culture. "Culture shock" is the term
specialists use when talking about the feelings that people have in a new environment. "There are
three stages of culture shock, "say the specialists. In the first stage, the newcomers like their new
environment. Then, when the fresh experience dies, they begin to hate the city, the country, the
people, and everything else. In the last stage, the newcomers begin to adjust to their surroundings
and, as a result enjoy their life more.
There are some obvious factors m culture shock. The weather may be unpleasant. The customs
may be different. The public service systems the telephone, post office, or transporta- tion maybe
difficult to work out. The simplest things seem to be big problems. The language may be difficult.
Who feels culture shock? Everyone does in this way or that. But culture shock surprises most
people. Very often the people having the worst culture shock are those who never had any difficulties
in their home countries and were successful in their community. Coming to a new country, these
people find they do not have the same established positions. They find themselves without a role,
almost without an identity.
They have to build a new self-image.
Culture shock gives rise to a feeling of disorientation (迷惘). This feeling may be homesickness.
When homesick, people feel like staying inside all the time. They want to protect themselves from
the strange environment, and create and escape inside their room for a sense of security. This escape
does solve the problem of culture shock for the short term, but it does nothing to make the person
familiar with the culture. Getting to know the new environment and gaining experience are the long
term solutions to the problem of culture shock.
| Paragraph Outline | Supporting Details |
| Communication begins with the self | ●People are somewhat products of others" treatment and messages. ●We are always 1 in communication with others. |
| Communication 2 others | ●Experiences of others help children learn to accept roles. ●Messages from others help you 3 who you are. ●Needs and 4 of others should be considered, |
| Communication 5 everywhere | ●We are communicating with ourselves by thinking,planning and reacting to the outside world. ●We are always 6 other people by observing even if they do not intend any message for you. ●We are constantly collecting meanings from others" 7 . ●We are constantly 8 meanings by what we do. |
| Communication cannot | ●You may explain what you have done,but you cannot 9 what remains in the other person"s mind. ●You may redo the conversation,but you 10 achieve the same result. |
| 阅读理解 | |
| Fear and its companion pain are two of the most useful things that men and animals possess,if they are properly used. If fire did not hurt when it burnt, children would play it until their hands were bumt away. Similarly , if pain existed but fear did not,a child would bum itself again and again , because fear would not warn the child to keep away from the fire that had burnt him or her before. A really fearless soldier-and some do exist-is not a good soldier because he is soon killed;and a dead soldier is of no use to his army. Fear and pain are therefore two guards without which men and animals might soon die out. In our first sentence we suggested that fear ought to be properly used. If, for example ,you never go out of your house because of the danger of being knocked down and killed in the street by a car, you are letting fear rule you too much. Even in your house you are not absolutely safe:a plane may crash on your house, or ants may eat away some of the wood in your roof , and they later may fall on you , or you may get cancer! The important thing is not to let fear rule you , but instead to use fear as your servant and guide. Fear will warn you of dangers; then you have to decide what action to take. In many cases, you can take quick and successful action to avoid the danger. For example , you see a car coming straight towards you ; fear warns you , you jump out of the way , and all is OK. In some cases, however, you decide that there is nothing that you can do to avoid the danger. For example, you cannot prevent a plane from crashing into your house , and you may not want to go and live in a desert where there are no plants. In this case , fear has given you its waming;you have examined it and decided on your course of action,so fear of this particular danger is no longer of any use to you , and you have to try to overcome it. | |
| 1. Children would play with fire until their hands were burnt away if_______. | |
| A. they were given no warning beforehand B. they didn"t have any sense ofpain at all C. they had never burnt themselves D. they felt afraid of the fire | |
| 2. A really fearless soldier_________. | |
| A. is of a little use to his army B. is not afraid of battles at all C. is nothing but a dead soldier D. is easy to get killed in a battle | |
| 3. People sometimes succeed in timely avoiding dangers because________. | |
| A. they are warned of the danger and take quick action B. they are quick both in mind and in action C. they are calm in face of danger D. they have gained much experience | |
| 4. It is implied but not stated that________. | |
| A. fear is always something helpful B. too much fear is harmful C. fear should be used as a servant and guide D. fear is something strange and particular |