The World Health Organization and several other United Nations agencies are call
题型：不详难度：来源：
The World Health Organization and several other United Nations agencies are calling for a major new effort to fight malaria, tuberculosis and AIDS. These three infectious diseases killed almost 6 million people last year. That is about 10 percent of the total number of deaths around the world last year.
The WHO and UN agencies released a new report at the World Economic Forum in New York City earlier this month. The document says that deaths around the world from malaria and tuberculosis could be cut in half by the year 2010. It also says the number of deaths from AIDS could be reduced 25 percent within that same time period.
The report is called “Calling Up the Response to Infectious Diseases.” It calls for huge new investments in methods to prevent and treat infectious diseases. Officials say money is needed for research and to purchase drugs. Money is also needed to devices to prevent diseases, such as bed nets. Bed nets prevent mosquitoes that carry malaria from biting people while they sleep.
David Heymann, director of the infectious disease program at the World Health Organization, says that providing effective drug treatments is important for improving peoples’ health and economic well – being. Reducing disease can also help improve economic growth in developing countries.
The WHO report also describes successful health programs in developing countries. In Peru, for example, the number of tuberculosis cases was cut in half by increasing the treatment to control the disease. In Vietnam, malaria was reduced 97 percent through the use of bed nets. And in Uganda, cases of the virus that causes AIDS were cut in half among pregnant women and children through the use of anti – AIDS drugs.
This new international health campaign is estimated to cost about 12,000 million dollars a year. So far, officials say the campaign has about 2,000 million dollars. The WHO says the campaign will need stronger relationships among government, private aid agencies, and drug companies to succeed.
小题1:According to the report is the disease most difficult to fight.| A．malaria | B．tuberculosis | C．AIDS | D．influenza |
小题2:To prevent these diseases, a large amount of money is needed to .| A．to buy food and pay for the caretakers | | B．do research work, buy drugs and devices | | C．take care of the families of the deaths | | D．set up more hospitals and health institutions |
小题3:We can infer from the text that reducing infectious diseases is .| A．to help the countries develop better | | B．to promote cooperation between countries | | C．to help people get more scientific knowledge | | D．to help people get a cleaner environment |
小题4:Most serious infectious diseases spread mainly in .| A．Africa | B．South America | | C．Asia | D．developing countries |
小题5:To fight the diseases, is necessary.| A．better environment | | B．cooperation between different people | | C．to wipe out the pests | | D．more drugs and money |
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答案
小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:A
小题4:D
小题5:B |
解析
试题分析：世界卫生组织和一些美国其他机构正在就对抗疟疾、肺结核和艾滋病作出新的努力。这三种传染性疾病主要在发展中国家蔓延，消除疾病运动的实施需要大量的资金，需要各国加强合作。
小题1:根据第二段“deaths around the world from malaria and tuberculosis could be cut in half by the year 2010. It also says the number of deaths from AIDS could be reduced 25 percent within that same time period.”可知，疟疾和肺结核的死亡率能够减少50%，而艾滋病死亡率只减少25%，由此可见，艾滋病最难治愈，故选C。
小题2:根据第三段“Officials say money is needed for research and to purchase drugs. Money is also needed to devices to prevent diseases”可知，需要大量的资金用于研究、购药和购买设备，故选B。
小题3:根据第四段“providing effective drug treatments is important for improving peoples’ health and economic well – being. Reducing disease can also help improve economic growth in developing countries.”可知，提供有效的治疗传染性疾病的药物和方法，能够提高人们的健康水平和生活状况，能够帮助提高经济增长，故选A。
小题4:根据第五段“The WHO report also describes successful health programs in developing countries.”和段落大意可知，传染性疾病在发展中国家传播的很快，故选D。
小题5:根据最后一段“the campaign will need stronger relationships among government, private aid agencies, and drug companies to succeed”可知，与疾病作斗争，需要各国政府之间、私人援助机构、医药公司的密切合作，故选B。 |
举一反三
Youth sports teach kids to develop a winning state of mind as well as the ability to become team leaders. Although having __ is a major part of athletics, the only purpose of sports is to compete and create the ____ mentality (心态) people need in sports.
____ have the extremely hard task of getting their young athletes to learn how to play the sport and become disciplined, and ready to play the sport to the best of their ability. ____， I was at my younger brother"s baseball game the other night and his team was ____ by five runs in the last part of the game. While most teams in this situation would be desperately trying to regain their ____ for bravery and will to fight, his team just seemed to slowly walk around, ____ sunflower seeds, and laugh at jokes made by teammates. I asked my brother after the game why everybody was so ___ about the loss and he said it was because some kid"s mom brought really good snacks.
Some parents have a ___ with coaches shouting at their child, as they hold the view that if a child makes a mistake, it is the coach"s ___ to correct the problem. When parents get involved in telling the coach how to __11__ the team, problems ____. Some parents feel if they pay their money, they should have an equal ___ on how to coach the team. In order to have a successful learning experience, the coach needs to feel like he can control his team and ____ the parents from having the last say. Without that, the coach feels as if he needs to ____ the parents by giving more playing time to their kids who actually don"t ____ it.
With youth sport programs becoming less competitive, club teams are on the ____. More teens can get an easier access to them. Club teams ____ more of what high school and junior high coaches are looking for, the competitive edge that is absolutely necessary in ____. While having fun is important, skills and a ____ mentality is worth more in the world of sports.
| 小题1: | | A．fun | B．dignity | | C．courage | D．patience |
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| 小题2: | | A．social | B．competitive | | C．healthy | D．responsible |
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| 小题3: | | A．Coaches | B．Parents | | C．Experts | D．Headmasters |
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| 小题4: | | A．As a result | B．In addition | | C．For example | D．On the contrary |
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| 小题6: | | A．scores | B．goals | | C．spirits | D．dreams |
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| 小题7: | | A．chew | B．spit | | C．count | D．swallow |
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| 小题8: | | A．worried | B．happy | | C．serious | D．casual |
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| 小题9: | | A．joke | B．problem | | C．contact | D．compromise |
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| 小题10: | | A．duty | B．experience | | C．awareness | D．turn |
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| 小题11: | | A．dismiss | B．unite | | C．handle | D．assess |
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| 小题12: | | A．stand out | B．break out | | C．work out | D．come out |
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| 小题13: | | A．say | B．guidance | | C．response | D．reward |
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| 小题14: | | A．protect | B．defend | | C．excuse | D．discourage |
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| 小题15: | | A．assist | B．motivate | | C．please | D．blame |
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| 小题16: | | A．want | B．deserve | | C．value | D．appreciate |
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| 小题18: | | A．offer | B．require | | C．seek | D．preserve |
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| 小题19: | | A．academics | B．sports | | C．exams | D．competitions |
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| 小题20: | | A．risking | B．controlling | | C．winning | D．cooperating |
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The triathlon(铁人三项运动) promises to be one of the most popular Olympic sports.Recently it has drawn huge crowds attracted by athletes swimming 1,500m，cycling 40km，then running 10km without stopping.But what makes an attractive 17yearold girl give up everything for the doubtful pleasure it offers?
Melanie Sears has not yet learnt those oftenrepeated phrases about personal satisfaction，mental challenge and higher targets that most athletes use when asked similar questions.“You swim for 1,500m，then run out of the water and jump on your bike，still wet.Of course，then you freeze.When the 40km cycle ride is over，you have to run 10km，which is a long way when you’re feeling exhausted.But it’s great fun，and all worth it in the end，” she says.
Melanie entered her first triathlon at 14 and she won the junior section.Full of confidence，she entered the National Championships，and although she had the second fastest swim and the fastest run，she came nowhere.“I was following this man and suddenly we came to the sea.We realised then that we had gone wrong.I ended up cycling 20 kilometres too far.I cried all the way through the running.”
But she did not give up and was determined that she never will.“Sometimes I wish I could stop，because then the pain would be over，but I am afraid that if I let myself stop just once，I would be tempted(诱惑) to do it again.”Such doggedness draws admiration from Steve Trew，the sport’s director of coaching.“I’ve just been testing her fitness，” he says, “and she worked so hard on the running machine that it finally threw her off and into a wall.She had given it everything，and she just kept on.”
Melanie was top junior in this year’s European Triathlon Championships，finishing 13th.“I was almost as good as the top three in swimming and running，but much slower in cycling.That’s why I’m working very hard at it.” She is trying to talk her longsuffering parents，who will carry the ￡1,300 cost of her trip to New Zealand for this year’s world championships，into buying a ￡2,000 bike，so she can try 25km and 100km races later this year.
But there is another price to pay.“I don’t have a social life，”she says.“After two hours’ hard swimming on Friday night，I just want to go to sleep.But I phone and write to the other girls in the team.” What does she talk about？Boys？Clothes？“No，what sort of times they are achieving.”
小题1:How does Melanie differ from other athletes，according to the writer?| A．She worries less than they do. | | B．She expresses herself differently. | | C．Her family background is not like theirs. | | D．Her aims are different from theirs. |
小题2:What upset Melanie during the National Championships?| A．She was tricked by another competitor. | | B．She felt she had let her teammates down. | | C．She made a mistake during part of the race. | | D．She realized she couldn’t cycle as fast as she thought. |
小题3:What is Melanie trying to persuade her parents to do?| A．Buy an expensive bike for her. | | B．Give her half the cost of a bike. | | C．Let her compete in longer races. | | D．Pay for her to go to New Zealand. |
小题4:What does Melanie say about her relationships with her teammates?| A．She would like to see them more often. | | B．She only discusses the triathlon with them. | | C．She thinks they find her way of life strange. | | D．She dislikes discussing boys or clothes with them. |
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The dark chocolate is one of the favourite food choices by many.The taste is simply irresistible，the smell is tempting and the feel of every bite is surely what you are craving for.
Aside from the taste，you simply cannot resist it because it has a lot of benefits when it comes to your health.Our health is our priority(首要事情) when it comes to the choice of our foods.If you worry that the chocolate is bad for your health then here is a list of the effects of dark chocolate to health especially when taken with the right amount every day.
First of all，it contains a component called flavonoid(类黄酮) which acts as an antioxidant(抗氧化剂)．The_antioxidants_fight_the_common_signs_of_aging.The antioxidants are also good for the heart.Studies have shown that people who ate foods rich in antioxidants have low incidence of heart diseases.
Aside from the antiaging and healthy heart benefits，the dark chocolate can also lower blood pressure and reduce bad cholesterol(胆固醇) to as high as 10%.Lowering of blood pressure in patients of high blood level is good because it will lower the risks of stroke and certain health crisis.Low levels of blood cholesterol are also good for the heart and take away the risk of blood vessels which may harden for too much cholesterol in them.
Lastly，do you know the feeling of being overjoyed after jogging？This feeling is like extreme happiness.Dark chocolates will give you the feeling of pleasure and happiness.If you are feeling that the world has turned against you，then a chocolate can be a mood lifter.It is an antidepressant.Usually when we feel so bad，we would crave to eat more food.If you are looking for something to eat during your bad moments try to take a bite from a dark chocolate and feel good somehow after it.
These are commonly the effects of chocolates to health.It can benefit you especially if taken in moderate amounts.Approximately,100 grams of chocolate or less a day is already enough according to studies.If you have taken too much，try to lessen on your other meals for the day.It is all about nutrition and taking the right amount of food in order to get the health benefits that it can provide to you.
小题1:According to the text，________.| A．many people like the dark chocolate for its taste | | B．the dark chocolate is the best choice for most people | | C．nobody could resist the tempting smell of the dark chocolate | | D．only a bite of the dark chocolate will make you addicted to it |
小题2:The underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 suggests that dark chocolates ________.| A．are the best choices for the aged | | B．are usually used as an antioxidant | | C．can keep you stay young forever | | D．can make you look younger than your real age |
小题3:What can we learn from Paragraph 5?| A．If you are depressed dark chocolates will make you delighted. | | B．If you are feeling bad you will crave to eat dark chocolates. | | C．If you eat some dark chocolates you will get overjoyed. | | D．If you are hungry the best food is dark chocolates. |
小题4:What is the purpose of the author writing this text?| A．To introduce the black chocolate to patients with high blood level. | | B．To encourage us to eat as many chocolates as we can. | | C．To introduce the black chocolate and its health effects. | | D．To increase the sale of the black chocolate. |
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As a nation we are becoming more aware of the food we and our children are eating.The recent campaign to improve school dinners by celebrity(名人) chef Jamie Oliver has helped raise awareness of our fast food lifestyles.While we may be trying to eat more healthily，it seems we still have some bad habits.
•Healthy eaters or just trendy?
Are there certain things that you do and don’t eat and why？With so many food programmes and books telling you what you should and shouldn’t eat to be healthy，it’s hard to make choices.
Some people are vegetarians for moral reasons，some don’t like the taste of meat and there are one or two people who do it because it’s trendy.Likewise，it can be trendy to follow the latest celebrity’s diet because it’s what the famous are doing.
•Eating out
People are eating out more often now，not just on special occasions as in the past.The choice of restaurants has also diversified.Italian，Chinese and Indian restaurants have been around for years but have now been joined by Mongolian，Japanese，Mexican and so on.Bars and pubs are still popular for food and often promote English cuisine made with local produce.
“We enjoy eating out a couple of times every month whether with friends or just as a couple.We like trying new things so we go to different restaurants.” said Craig,25，County Durham.
•Eating on the go
From chocolate bars to sandwiches more people are eating on the go—on the street，in cars or on buses and trains.While our parents and grandparents may frown at this behaviour，considering it to be bad manners，people eat on the go because they are rushing from one place to another.And in the home the number of people sitting down at a dining table for their evening meal is on the decrease as meal times become more informal.
“If I’m running late for work I don’t think twice about eating toast in the car or on the bus but I know my mum wouldn’t approve，” said Stacey,24.
小题1:What can we infer from the text?| A．Our parents think highly of the eating habits mentioned in the text. | | B．We should get rid of the bad habits and try to be healthier. | | C．Japanese restaurants have been around for years. | | D．It’s good for people to eat out more frequently. |
小题2:People find it difficult to decide what to eat to keep healthy because ________.| A．different programmes and books have different ideas about healthy eating | | B．there are many celebrities having different diet styles | | C．what the famous are doing is different from ours | | D．they have some bad eating habits |
小题3:The underlined word “diversified” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”．| A．made a great change | | B．made a big difference | | C．had a rapid increase | | D．had a wide variety |
小题4:Craig often goes to different restaurants because ________.| A．he likes trying new things | | B．he follows the latest celebrity diet | | C．he enjoys the meal with his friends | | D．he has more special occasions to celebrate |
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Feel tired lately?Has a doctor said he can’t find anything wrong with you?Perhaps he sends you to a hospital,but all the advanced equipment there shows there is nothing wrong with you.
Then,consider this:you might be in a state of sub-health(亚健康).
Sub-health,also called the third state or gray state,is explained as borderline state between health and disease.
According to the investigation by the National Organization,over 45 percent of sub-health people are middle-aged or elderly.The percentage is even higher among people who work in management positions as well as students around exam-week.
Symptoms(征兆)include a lack of energy,depression,slow reactions,insomnia(失眠),agitation, and poor memory.Other symptoms include shortness of breath,sweating and aching in the waist and legs.
The key to preventing and recovering from sub-health,according to some medical experts,is to form good living habits, alternate work and rest, exercise regularly,and take part in open air activities.
As for meals,people are advised to eat less salt and sugar.They should also eat more fresh vegetables,fruits,fish because they are rich in nutritional elements—vitamins and trace elements(微量元素)—that are important to the body.
Nutrition experts point out that it is not good to eat too much at one meal because it may cause unhealthy changes in the digestive tract(消化道).They also say that a balanced diet is very helpful in avoiding sub-health.
小题1:When you are in a state of sub-health,you should ________.| A．stay home and keep silent | | B．go to a doctor and buy some medicine | | C．not consider it very serious | | D．find out the reasons and relax yourself |
小题2:Middle-aged people may be easy to get sub-health because ________.| A．they have used up their energy | | B．they have lost their living hopes | | C．they have more pressure in life and work | | D．they have changed their way of life |
小题3:The key to preventing you from falling into a state of sub-health is to ________.| A．keep on working regularly | B．go to sleep a bit earlier | | C．form good living habits | D．take medicine if necessary |
小题4:The underlined word “alternate” in this passage is closest in meaning to ________.| A．arrange by turns | B．cause to take place | | C．make up for | D．keep away from |
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