An exercise method (Gyrotonics) designed to stretch muscles and improve strength

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An exercise method (Gyrotonics) designed to stretch muscles and improve strength and balance is becoming popular in the United States. Here"s more about Gyrotonics and the man who invented this special form of exercise.
Gyrotonics is a kind of exercise that combines the movements of dancing and swimming with the mental and physical practice called yoga. It helps lengthen muscles, improve balance, and exercise the joints, the parts of the body where bones are joined.
A Hungarian dancer named Juliu Horvath developed this special form of exercise. After he was injured in dancing, Mr. Horvath studied yoga intensely. In the 1980s, he developed a new exercise method as a special kind of yoga to strengthen dancers.
According to Mr. Horvath, his method was based on the octopus(章鱼)，monkey and cat. He says these animals have no restrictions. They can move in any direction the Gyrotonic movements to help the human body move more freely.
A special machine made of wood and weights(砝码) helps guide the body through the Gyrotonics exercises. You sit or lie on a flat board. You put your legs or hands through special cloth handles attached to a line with weights. With the tension created by the weights, you must try to move through the exercises.
Seven kinds of backbone movements form the base of Gyrotonics. For example, you can stretch your back to the left and right or forward and backward. While moving your back, you can also work on arm or leg motions. These movements must be done in a smooth way. Often the motions are circular(圆形的)。
When Juliu Horvath first developed Gyrotonics, he was the only teacher. Since then, he has taught almost 70 trainers. Now, there are more then 800 official schools in the world where you can learn Gyrotonics.
小题1:This passage mainly focuses on _____.

A．A successful life of Horvath	B．A popular kind of exercise
C．Some advice on health care	D．Some uses of a special machine

小题2:According to the passage, what made it possible for Horvath to develop Gyrotonics?

A．His dancing-related injury.	B．His failure in practicing yoga.
C．His good skills of dancing	D．His wish to be a Gyrotonics trainer.

小题3:What do you think inspired Horvath in developing Gyrotonics?

A．His experience in dancing.	B．His use of a special machine.
C． The movements of some animals.	D．The ideas from many trainers.

小题4:What can we learn from the passage?

A．Many Americans have improved their health through Gyrotonics.

B．In a way, Gyrotonics is an exercise that comes from yoga.

C．You only have to move your backbone when doing the exercise.

D．Gyrotonics courses can be found in most countries worldwide.

答案

小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:C
小题4:B

解析

试题分析：本文是关于一种新型的锻炼方式Gyrotonics，这种锻炼形式是从瑜伽进化演变而来的。
小题1:B 主旨大意题。从本文第一段n exercise method (Gyrotonics) designed to stretch muscles and improve strength and balance is becoming popular in the United States可知说明本文是关于一种新型的锻炼方式Gyrotonics，故B正确。
小题2:A 细节题。根据第二段第五行After he was injured in dancing, Mr. Horvath studied yoga intensely说明是在他受伤以后，他才有这样的想法，故A正确。
小题3:C 细节题。根据第二段倒数第3行According to Mr. Horvath, his method was based on the octopus(章鱼)，monkey and cat.说明他的想法是源于这些动物，故C项正确。
小题4:B 细节题。根据第二段倒数4,5行In the 1980s, he developed a new exercise method as a special kind of yoga to strengthen dancers.说明该锻炼形式是与瑜伽有关的，故B正确。
点评：Horvath在受伤以后才发明了Gyrotonics，并具体说明了相关的信息。基本上都是考查的细节题，要注意文本内容的理解。关键是找出原文的根据，认真核查题支和原文的异同，常犯错误有：绝对化语言，范围扩大或缩小，以偏概全，张冠李戴等。带着问题，再读全文，找出答题所需要的依据，完成阅读。

举一反三

Researchers have found more evidence that suggests a relationship between races (种族) and rates (率) of lung cancer among smokers. A new study shows that black people and Native Hawaiians are more likely to develop lung cancer from smoking. It compared their risk to whites, Japanese-Americans and Latinos.
Researchers at the University of Southern California and the University of Hawaii did the new study. The New England Journal of Medicine published the findings. The eight-year research studied more than 180,000 people. They included present and former smokers and people who never smoked. Almost 2.000 people in the study developed lung cancer.
Researchers say genetics (遗传学) might help explain the racial and ethnic（种族的） differences. There could be differences in how people"s bodies react to smoke. But environmental influences, including the way people smoke, could also make a difference.
African-Americans and Latinos in the study are reported smoking the fewest cigarettes per day. Whites are the heaviest smokers. But the scientists point out that blacks have been reported to breathe cigarette smoke more deeply than white smokers. This could fill their lungs with more of the chemicals in tobacco that cause cancer.
Scientists know that some diseases effect different groups differently. And some drug companies have begun to develop racially targeted (针对) medicines. Last June, the United States Food and Drug Administration approved a drug designed to treat heart failure in black patients. The name is BiDil. The agency called it "a step toward the promise of personalized medicine."
小题1:Researchers agree that it is that may probably determine black people’s risk of lung cancer.

A．the larger amount of smoking than white people

B．the living style or habit of the blacks

C．the depth of cigarette smoke into their lungs

D．the physical strength to react to cigarette smoke

小题2:People in the new study are made up of .

A．heavy smokers in America	B．smokers and non-smokers
C．the Asians and Hawaiians	D．the black and white people

小题3:The production of BiDil referred to in the last paragraph is to .

A．explain different races react to some diseases differently

B．tell the readers that racial differences exist in smokers

C．show a big step people have taken in the medicine area

D．support the idea that it is easy for blacks to have cancers

小题4:Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the author?

A．The way of smoking may increase the risk of lung cancer.

B．Race has nothing to do with the risk of having a lung cancer.

C．The research was started by the New England Journal of Medicine.

D．he risk of lung cancer lies I how much a person smokes.

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Chocolate is good for your heart, skin and brain. Usually, people think that chocolate is bad for their health. They describe chocolate as “something to die for” or say “death by chocolate”. Now they should bite their tongues! Evidence(证据) is showing that some kinds of chocolate are actually good for you in the following ways:
A happier heart
Scientists at Harvard University recently examined 136 studies on cocoa—the main ingredient in chocolate and found that it does seem to strengthen the heart. Studies have shown heart benefits from increased blood flow. These benefits are the result of cocoa’s chemicals, which seem to prevent both cell damage and inflammation(炎症).
Better blood pressure
If yours is high, chocolate may help. Jeffrey Blumberg from Tufts University recently
found that people with high blood pressure who ate 3.5 ounces of dark chocolate
per day for two weeks their blood pressure drop quickly.
Muscle magic
Chocolate milk may help you recover after a hard workout(锻炼). In a small study at Indiana University, people who drank chocolate milk between workouts did better on a tiredness test than those who had some sports drinks.
Better for your skin. German researchers gave 24 women a half-cup of special cocoa every day. After three months, the women’s skin was moister(滑润的)and smoother. The research shows that chocolate helps protect and increase blood flow to the skin, improving its appearance.
Brain gains
It sounds almost too good to be true, but research suggests that chocolate may improve your memory, attention span, reaction time, and problem-solving by increasing blood flow to the brain.
小题1:Which of the following is wrong?

A．Coca’s chemicals can prevent both cell damage and inflammation.

B．Chocolate may help you lower your blood pressure.

C．People early know chocolate is good for their health.

D．Chocolate may improve your memory, attention span, reaction time, and problem-solving.

小题2:What’s the meaning of the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph?

A．Sports drinks are better than chocolate milk.

B．Sports drinks can make people easy to be tired.

C．Drinking milk can keep you energetic at work.

D．We should drink chocolate milk between times when we work hard.

小题3:What’s the main idea of the text?

A．Chocolate, a Healthy Food	B．More Chocolate, Less Health
C．Chocolate and Blood Pressure	D．Advice on Eating Chocolate

小题4:What’s the meaning of “bite their tongues” in the first paragraph?

A．Think of it.

B．Speak up.

C．Stop talking

D．Listen to it

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Many of us don"t pay much attention to the importance of eye care. It is said that if you take care of your body, then you can surely be healthy. That is why our eyes should be given a lot of care. Natural eye care should be put in a number one place.
There are several causes leading to poor eyesight like not enough food, genes (基因) and aging (老化). Televisions, computers and reading are also the causes of having poor eyesight. If you happen to work in front of the computer, it is best to take a break every once in a while. Something dirty can cause redness and they will make you feel uncomfortable. It is bad for your eyes, too. If this happens, the best way is to clean your eyes by using cold water. You must also try your best to protect your eyes from harmful things. For example, sunglasses are not just for fashion but they can also serve as a great way to protect your eyesight form UV rays.
Eating healthy foods will do good to your eyesight. Remember that vitamins A, C and E are good for eyes. Try to eat food groups that have these vitamins. And you should do eye exercises because exercise protects your eyesight, too. If a person exercises regularly (定期地) and eats the right kind of food, his eyes will stay in good condition for a long time.
All above are natural ways of eye care that help us keep healthy eyes. Being happy all the time can be helpful to a person"s eyesight, too. In a word, eye care is very important, no matter how old a person is.
小题1:_____ is the most important way to protect our eyes.

A．Seeing the doctor	B．Taking medicine
C．Natural eye care	D．Being happy all the time

小题2:All the following causes can lead to bad eyesight except _______.

A．age

B．height

C．reading

D．computers

小题3:What should you do if you have to work in front of the computer?

A．Eat healthy foods.	B．Have a rest after working for a while.
C．Wear a pair of sunglasses.	D．Clean the eye by using cold water

小题4:Which is the best title of the passage?

A．Ways of Being Happy	B．Ways of Eye Exercises
C．Ways of Eye Care	D．Ways of Being Healthy

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Now I know that we black people are much more likely to have high blood pressure and diabetes(糖尿病) than white people. And they often lead to heart attacks and other untreated diseases. For example, black people are three to four times more likely than white people to have high blood pressure and twice as likely as the white population to die of a stroke(中风).
New research has found out the surprisingly high levels of salt in many of black people’s favorite meals. I stopped putting extra salt in my food at the table long ago and I try to cut down on the salt I use in cooking. The recommended daily level of salt for adults is 6 grams. It is easy to see that if you avoid processed(加工过的) foods and use salt in your cooking within the limit, you won’t exceed the daily level.
The research showed how much salt there is in some foods that we buy from restaurants and takeaways. An average salad with rice and peas has 6.2 grams of salt. This is more salt than you are supposed to eat for the whole day.
A researcher talked about the importance of home cooking rather than take-outs. At home, he pointed out, not only can you hold control of the salt shaker, but also you can create tasty food which is low on salt. The researcher later provided curry goat and rice and peas. They were low on salt, but completely delicious.
I do not suppose Jamaicans are going to stop buying takeaways soon. But if you suffer from high blood pressure, it is probably better not to buy them often.
小题1:The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 1 refers to ______.

A．white people	B．black people
C．untreated diseases	D．high blood pressure and diabetes

小题2:What has the new research found out according to Paragraph 2?

A．Black people take in too much salt.

B．Black people’s meals are very special.

C．Processed foods have too much salt in them.

D．6 grams of salt per day is enough for an adult.

小题3:What would the writer probably suggest black people do?

A．Order no salad in a restaurant.	B．Take in no salt for several days.
C．Stop cooking their favorite meals.	D．Eat less takeaways.

小题4:The researcher provided curry goat and rice and peas in order to ______.

A．thank those who came to his home for his research

B．let people know that eating less salt makes one healthier

C．show that tasty food with less salt can be made at home

D．prove the less salt the food has the more delicious it is

小题5:What would be the best title for this passage?

A．Watch the salt.	B．Take care, black people.
C．Say no to takeaways.	D．Say no to high blood pressure.

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Lots of folks don"t think about what they eat over the holiday season until January, when they stare sadly at the number on the scale and then hurry off to hit the gym, join Weight Watchers or pick up the latest diet book.
It doesn"t have to be that way. Health experts say you can still enjoy the holidays.
"It"s OK to indulge（沉溺）, but it doesn"t mean you have to gain weight," said Karen Ansel, a New York-based registered dietitian and a spokeswoman for the American Dietetic Association (ADA). Jessica Crandall, a registered dietitian from Denver who"s also an ADA spokeswoman, added that gaining weight during the holidays and then working hard to lose it again is not good for a person"s body.
For starters, people interested in maintaining their weight during the holidays should keep eating on a regular schedule, the two dietitians said. Research has shown that people who skip meals -- particularly breakfast -- end up eating more throughout the day. "Try and stick to consistent meal times so you can avoid being overly hungry," Crandall said. "When you"re overly hungry, you can make some bad decisions regarding what you eat. Don"t starve yourself during the day waiting for that party at night -- because you"ll eat too much or overeat."
Ansel suggests that you think now about the foods you really enjoy and plan to focus on those while eating less of more common fare.
Be careful, too, about alcohol intake, for a couple of reasons. Alcoholic drinks, particularly the fancy ones handed out at holiday time, tend to come loaded with calories. "It"s usually what you"re adding to a drink that contains the calories," Crandall said. Also, if you"re drunk, you might forget to watch what you"re eating. "It totally lowers your inhibitions（压抑）," Ansel said.
Other holiday eating tips, suggested by Crandall and Ansel, include:
•Eat lots of vegetables, and eat them first before moving on to the other items on your plate.
•Recognize that many holiday extras, like cheese or cranberry sauce, come loaded with calories. "If those aren"t your favorite foods, don"t put them on your plate," Crandall said.
•If your favorite food has a lot of calories, be sure to minimize your portion. "Two bites cure the craving," Crandall said. "After that, you"re just really feeding your old habits.
•After a big holiday meal, don"t sink into a chair or couch. Go for a walk outdoors or participate in some other activities that help burn off some of the calories you"ve just eaten.
小题1:Both Karen Ansel and Jessica Crandall ________.

A．think highly of the latest popular diet book

B．like going to the gym often

C．think trying to lose weight isn’t good for a person’s body

D．are registered dietitians and work for ADA

小题2:Ansel asks people wishing to keep slim not to skip meals because _________.

A．it will do harm to their stomachs.

B．being overly hungry will make them feel not well

C．it may make them eat more

D．it might let them make bad decisions on important occasion

小题3:Why does Crandall advise people wanting to lose weight not to drink wine?

A．Because if they’re drunk, they can watch what they eat.

B．Because it will make it hard for their body to burn calories.

C．Because wine itself contains many calories.

D．Because it will make them feel more stressed.

小题4:Which of the following is the proper way to keep slim according to the passage?

A．Eating more vegetables than rice and other food.

B．Eating more cheese or cranberry sauce.

C．Never eat food with a lot of calories.

D．Sitting less and walking more after meals.

小题5:The passage mainly talks about __________.

A．some advice on holiday eating	B．how to keep slim
C．the problems of fat people	D．what to do in holidays

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