Are you nervous about climbing because you think it’s too dangerous? Do you feel
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Are you nervous about climbing because you think it’s too dangerous? Do you feel you’re not fit enough to climb? Do you know how to start climbing?
Let’s consider the idea that climbing is dangerous. Being afraid is natural, but if you use suitable ropes and other climbing equipments you will feel completely safe. Climbers are usually very careful because they know what they are doing is dangerous. Accidents happen, but when they do, they tend to attract a lot of publicity. As a result, people think there are many more accidents than there are in reality.
You cannot expect to start climbing straight away. Climbing is a challenge and challenges take time. It is necessary first of all that you achieve a good level of fitness. Begin as soon as you become interested in climbing—go to the gym, go swimming, take up jogging and continue to do so throughout your training period.
Discover as much as you can about climbing. Visit the library and find books especially for beginners or buy climbing magazines and look for articles which describe your situation. Look up information on the Internet. Find out about equipment, methods and places to go.
Next, take a course on a climbing wall. There are plenty of climbing walls all over the country which have trained and qualified people as instructors. Call your local leisure centre to find out if there is one in your area. These training sessions are a quick way to get experience and you are likely to meet other beginners. After this, you can do an outside course or join a club where you can meet climbers of all abilities and eventually join in group-climbing events.
At first you may not understand the importance of a good training period, but after you have completed your first climb and you are standing safely at the top of a rock feeling thrilled, then you will know it was the right thing to do.
小题1:The article is written by ______.| A．a doctor | B．an experienced climber | | C．a beginner | D．a fitness instructor |
小题2:The writer thinks a new climber should ______.| A．begin by becoming fit | | B．be aware of the causes of the accidents | | C．have the courage to meet the challenges | | D．do enough sports to get interested in climbing |
小题3:By climbing walls you can ______. | A．join a club you like | B．become qualified instructors | | C．gain controlled experience | D．take part in group-climbing events |
小题4:The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph probably means ______.| A．the climb | B．the training | C．the equipment | D．the achievement |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:C
小题4:B |
解析
小题1:推理题，从文章中作者对登山提出的建议推断他是个有经验的登山者。选B
小题2:细节题：从文章第三段的句子It is necessary first of all that you achieve a good level of fitness.“首先你需要达到一定的健康水平。”选A
小题3:细节题：从文章倒数第二段的句子：These training sessions are a quick way to get experience可知爬墙可以让你获得经验。选C。
小题4:猜词题：从这段的第一句At first you may not understand the importance of a good training period,“一开始，你可能不理解训练阶段的重要性”，说明后面指代的是the training，选B。 |
举一反三
For centuries, the body"s blood has been linked closely with the emotions．People who show no human emotions or feelings, are said to be cold-blooded killer．For example, the police are searching for a cold-blooded killer．He seems to kill for no reason, and no emotion, as if taking someone"s life as nothing．
Cold can affect other parts of the body．The expression "get cold feet" has nothing to do with cold or your feet．The expression means being afraid to do something you have decided to do．For example, you agree to be president of an organization．But then you learn that all the other officers have resigned, and all the work of the organizations will be your responsibility．You are likely to get cold feet about being president when you understand the situation.
The expression "give someone the cold shoulder" probably comes from the physical act of turning your back toward someone, instead of speaking to him face to face．You may give a cold shoulder to a friend who has not kept a promise he made to you．Or, to someone who has lied about you to others.
A cold fish is not a fish．It is a person．But it is a person who is unfriendly, unemotional and shows no love or warmth．A cold fish does not offer much of himself to anyone．Someone who is a cold fish could be cold-hearted．Now a cold-hearted person is someone who has no sympathy．Several popular songs in recent years were about cold-hearted men or cold-hearted women who, without feelings, broke the hearts of their lovers.
"Out in the cold" means not getting something that everybody else got．A person might say that everybody but him got a pay raise——he was left out in the cold．And it is not a pleasant place to be.
小题1:When you refuse to speak to a man and treat him in a distant way, you may express by "_____"．| A．I give him the cold shoulder | B．I think he is a cold-blooded man | | C．I think he is a cold fish | D．I"m likely to get cold feet |
小题2:If Sue shows absolutely no reaction to those awful pictures of starving children in Africa, you will say ______．| A．she is a cold-blooded killer | B．she gets cold feet | | C．she is a cold fish | D．she is out in the cold |
小题3:We can use the expression "_____" to describe a man who abandons or hurts his lover without mercy．| A．cold-blooded | B．cold shoulder | C．cold feet | D．cold-hearted |
小题4:The topic of this passage is about _____．| A．the relationship between cold and our body | B．some expressions about friendship | | C．some expressions connected with cold | D．how cold weather comes into being |
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The word “sport” first meant something that people did in their free time. Later it often meant hunting wild animals and birds. About a hundred years ago the word was first used for organized games. This is the usual meaning of the word today. People spend a lot of their time playing football, basketball, tennis and many other sports. Such people play because they want to. A few people are paid for the sport they play. These people are called professional sportsmen. They may be sportsmen for only a few years, but during that time the best ones can earn a lot of money. For example, a professional footballer in England earns more than 30,000 dollars a year. The stars earn a lot more. International golf and tennis champions can make more than 500,000 dollars a year. Of course, only a few sportsmen can earn as much money as that.
Perhaps the most surprising thing about sportsmen and money is that the stars can earn more money from advertising than from sports. An advertisement for sports equipment does not simply say “Buy our things”. It says “Buy the same shirt and shoes as …”. Famous sportsmen can even advertise things like watches and food. They allow the companies to use their names or a photograph of them and they are paid for this. Sport is no longer just something for people’s spare time.
小题1:From the passage we can learnt that_______.
A. people spend too much money on sports
the development of sport is slower than any other activity
most people enjoy sport because they can earn money
nowadays sport is not merely a pastime for people
小题2:Nowadays, the word “sport” means “________” .| A．what people do in their spare time | B．hunting wild animals and birds | | C．organized games | D．something people are paid to do |
小题3:People play sports for ________.| A．fun | B．different | C．money | D．keeping fit |
小题4:What surprises people most is that ________.| A．the stars get more money from advertising | | B．the word “sport” meant hunting animals | | C．professional sportsmen are paid for what they do | | D．only a few sportsmen can earn ＄500,000 a year |
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Forget chip fat, sugar cane or rapeseed oil — the latest source of biofuel could be watermelons. Scientists have discovered that the fruit is a great source of sugar that can be readily distilled (蒸馏) into alcohol to power cars and farm machinery.
And sellers reject 360,000 tons of “substandard” fruit every year in America alone which could be used as an economical way to make fuel. The waste from US growers could produce nearly two million gallons (nine million litres) of biofuel per year.
In the study, researchers at the United States Department of Agriculture set out to determine the biofuel potential of juice from rejected watermelons —those not sold due to cosmetic imperfections, and currently ploughed back into the field. About a fifth of each yearly watermelon crop is left in the field because of surface blemishes (瑕疵) or because they are misshapen.
Dr. Wayne Fish, who led the team, found that 50 percent of the fruit was fermentable (可发酵的) into alcohol which could provide valuable fuel.
“We’ve shown that the juice of these watermelons is a source of readily fermentable sugars, representing an unexploited raw material for alcohol biofuel production,” he said.
The study, published in the journal Biotechnology for Biofuels, discovered that watermelons could produce around 20 gallons of fuel per acre from fruit that otherwise would go to waste.
Production of biofuels has been targeted by Western governments as a way to support renewable energy targets.
The European Union has a target for 2010 that 5.75 percent of transport fuels should come from biological sources, but the target is unlikely to be met.
The British government’s Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation requires five percent of the fuel sold at the pump by 2010 to be biofuel.
小题1:The passage mainly tells us ______.| A．watermelon juice will be the largest source of renewable energy | | B．the advantages of fuel made from watermelons | | C．Western countries aim at producing biofuels | | D．watermelons could be used to make fuel |
小题2: It can be learned from the text that ______.| A．about two gallons of fuel could be made from rejected fruit per acre | | B．sellers in the world throw away 360,000 tons of watermelons every year | | C．half of the watermelons were fermentable into alcohol to provide energy | | D．five percent of fuel is required to be biofuel from watermelons by 2010 in Britain |
小题3:The underlined word “cosmetic” in Paragraph 3 probably means ______. | A．fresh | B．sweet | C．surface | D．inside |
小题4:We can infer from the passage that ______.| A．it will cost a lot to make biofuel from watermelons | | B．Western countries are engaged in biofuel study but still have a long way to go | | C．watermelon juice has been used as a source of sugars to produce alcohol biofuel | | D．the European Union is likely to meet its target of transport fuels from biological sources |
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I"m fat. I"m too skinny. I"d be happy if I were taller, shorter, had curly hair, straight hair, a smaller nose, bigger muscles, longer legs. Do any of these statements sound familiar? Do you often put yourself down? If so, you"re not alone. As a teen, you"re going through a ton of changes in your body. And as your body changes, so does your image (形象) of yourself. Lots of people have trouble getting used to it and this can affect their confidence.
Some people think they need to change how they look or act to feel good about themselves. But actually all you need to do is change the way you see your body and how you think about yourself.
The first thing to do is recognize that your body is your own, no matter what shape, size, or color it comes in. If you"re very worried about your weight or size, go to your doctor to check that things are OK. But it"s no one"s business but your own what your body is like-finally, you have to be happy with yourself.Next, find which aspects of your appearance you can change and which you can"t change and need to accept-like their height, for example, or their shoe size.
If there are things about yourself that you want to change and can do this by making goals for yourself. For example, if you want to get fit, make a pan to exercise every day and eat nutritious foods.
When you hear negative comments coming from within yourself, tell yourself to stop. Try building your confidence by listing three things in your day that really gave you pleasure. It can be anything like the way the sun felt on your face, the sound of your favorite band, or the way someone laughed at your jokes.
小题1:. From the first paragraph, we can infer that _________.| A．most teens like to have a special body image | | B．many teens can"t accept their body change easily | | C．teens prefer to change their body image quickly | | D．teens usually change their opinions on their body image |
小题2:. Which of the following does the author probably agree with?| A．Realize you can"t change everything about yourself. | | B．Change the way other people look at you. | | C．Go to your doctor for advice on how to change your body. | | D．Learn from some celebrities on how to change your body. |
小题3:. The underlined phrase "put yourself down" in the first paragraph probably means_____.| A．make yourself fall down | B．say negative things about yourself | | C．force yourself to do something | D．write down your name somewhere |
小题4:. The passage is mainly about_______.| A．how to adjust to the changes of your body | | B．how to build confidence by changing your body | | C．how to keep an attractive body image | | D．how to find pleasure in your day |
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His first fight was for the equal rights of black people in South Africa. Then, as the first black president he fought to unite the country and organize the government. Now Nelson Mandela has set his sights on a new enemy, AIDS.
On March 19 the 82-year-old, former president, hosted his second AIDS-awareness concert. He warned that 25 million people in Africa were already infected with the fatal disease.
Mandela was born in a small village in South Africa in 1918. He was adopted (收养) by the chief of his tribe (部族) and could have been a chief himself and lived a happy country life.
But he refused to be a chief when his people lived under racial discrimination ( 种族歧视). He decided to fight for equal rights for all the people in South Africa. Before 1990, under the country’s Racial Segregation Law (种族隔离法), colored and white people lived separately. Black people were treated unfairly even when taking a bus. Blacks had to stand at the back of the bus to make room for white people even when there were only a few of them on board.
For his opposition (反对) to the system Mandela was arrested (被捕) and spent 27 years in prison. He was freed in 1990 and become the president of the country after the first elections were held in which everyone could vote.
Mandela was not only a political fighter who attacked with speeches. He was also a trained boxer (拳击手) and fought in the ring when he was young.
“ Although I did not enjoy the violence of boxing, I was interested in how one moved one’s body to protect oneself, how one used a strategy both to attack and retreat (撤退),” he wrote in his autobiography.
As a skilful fighter, he chose music as his weapon against AIDS. He hopes to win another victory against AIDS.
小题1:Nelson Mandela succeeded in doing the following except _____.| A．winning the equal rights for the black people in South Africa | | B．uniting South Africa | | C．organizing a government in South Africa | | D．controlling the spread of AIDS |
小题2:If Nelson Mandela hadn’t fought against racial discrimination, he _____.| A．could easily have been the president of South Africa | | B．could still have lived a happy life | | C．could have been in a difficult situation | | D．would have been an excellent boxer |
小题3:It can be inferred that Nelson Mandela _____.| A．continues to help the black people with the political struggle | | B．is taking a position in a music group | | C．is taking on the world’s greatest fight against AIDS | | D．is preparing for the next election of president |
小题4:Which statement can best describe the life of Nelson Mandela?| A．Struggle is his life. | | B．Sports make his fame. | | C．Fight for equal rights. | | D．Great fighter against government. |
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