阅读理解。 Christian Eijkman, a Dutch doctor, left the Netherlands for the island
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阅读理解。 |
Christian Eijkman, a Dutch doctor, left the Netherlands for the island of Java. Many people on the island had a disease called beri-beri. He was going there to try and find a cure. At first, Eijkman thought some kind of germ (细菌) caused beri-beri. He raised some chickens. He didn"t eat them, but made experiments on them. The local people were quite surprised at that. One day he noticed that his chickens became sick when they were fed the food most Javanese ate-refined white rice (精炼米). When he fed them with unrefined rice, also known as brown rice, they recovered. Eijkman realized that he had made an important discovery - that some things in food could prevent disease. These things were named vitamins (维生素). The Javanese were not getting enough vitamins because they had actually removed the part that contains vitamins. Later, other diseases were also found to be caused by the lack of vitamins in a person"s food. Today many people know the importance of vitamins and they make sure they have enough vitamins from the food they eat. If they don"t, they can also take vitamin pills. |
1. The underlined word "cure" in Paragragh 1 probably means ______. |
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A. a medical treatment B. a kind of vitamin C. a kind of germ D. a kind of rice |
2. Christian Eijkman went to the island of Java to ______. |
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A. spend his holiday B. find ways to grow better crops C. do some research about the island D. help the Javanese with their illness |
3. Why did Christian Eijkman raise some chickens? |
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A. To eat them. B. To carry out his experiments. C. To give the Javanese a surprise. D. To make money by selling them. |
4. We can learn from the passage that ______. |
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A. beri-beri was caused by chickens B. the Javanese didn"t like vitamins C. Christian Eijkman"s experiment was successful D. the Javanese"s disease was caused by a kind of germ |
答案
1-4: ADBC |
举一反三
仔细阅读课文How Daisy Learned To Help Wildlife,写出文章的段落大意。 |
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根据课文内容用适当的词填空,使短文完整。(一空一词) |
Not long ago, a girl called Daisy took a magic 1.______ around the world, riding a flying chair. First, she came to Tibet in China to visit antelopes. But to her great 2._____, she could only see mountains and people. Then an antelope told her 3.______ that they were being killed 4.______ large numbers by humans for their wool to make clothing. And they might be 5._______ forever in three years. Then the flying chair took Daisy to Zimbabwe, 6.______ wildlife was properly protected. Daisy was glad to learn that farmers there were not killing the animals at will as they 7._____ to. Only a certain number of the animals were set to be 8.______ for fee by the government, 9.______ not only saved the animals but benefited the farmers as well. At last, Daisy flew to a 10.______ rainforest. There she was puzzled to see a monkey 11.______ (rub) a millipede insect over its body. Then the monkey told her the insect contained a 12._______ drug which affected mosquitoes and 13._______ rubbing it over the body it could 14._______ itself from mosquitoes. Now Daisy was amazed and excited to find in fact the forest 15._______ a lot of precious things people can make use of. So protecting nature really means much to our humans. |
阅读理解。 |
While students in Hainan are quite used to clear skies, Beijing teenagers are not so lucky. As another warm winter approaches, the city can expect the normal clouds of smoke caused by air pollution. But things could start to get better soon. The government is co-operating with a US- based environmental protection agency to update existing buses and trucks with clean fuel technology. The new technology could reduce air pollutants in existing diesel vehicles (柴 油机) by 40 per cent. The programme will begin by testing buses in Beijing to see if the technology can be applied to them. "We encourage the development of public transportation. But at the same time we need to reduce pollution from them," said an official. Efforts are being made to improve the capital"s environment with tighter controls on emissions (排放). Some heavily polluting factories and construction sites, such as those owned by the steel giant Shougang Group, have been asked to cut production in November and December or be closed. Beijing was the third polluted city in the world at the end of last century, according to the UN. But thanks to recent measures, the capital has made some progress. Last year 224 clear days were rated as having good air quality. In 1998 the air quality index (指数) gave just 100 days as good. "I am glad to see an improvement," said a Senior 1 boy living in the northwest of Beijing. "Compared to other places, the air quality of Beijing is still worrying though. I hate the pollution. Once I was riding my bike in the morning when I almost had a traffic accident because I couldn"t see a car only metres away from me in frog." In early October, the skies were covered by such a thick fog that a display show by the visiting French air force was called off. Rapid development, industry, traffic fumes (烟) and sandstorms from the desert all contribute to the city"s bad air. |
1. The passage is mainly about ______? |
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A. a programme to improve Beijing"s air quality B. progress made in Beijing"s air quality C. Beijing"s air pollution D. the difference between Hainan and Beijing |
2. Which of the following is not the measure taken or to be taken to improve Beijing"s air? |
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A. Clean fuel technology will be used in public transportation. B. Some factories have been asked to cut production. C. Some construction sites have been told to be closed. D. A display show of airplanes has been called off. |
3. We can infer from the passage that, with the aim of being an ecological (生态的) city by the 2008 Olympics, ______. |
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A. far more still needs to be done B. nothing else needs to be done C. all traffic has to be closed D. the development of the city has to be slowed down |
4. Which is not correct according to the passage? |
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A. Beijing"s air quality is getting worse and worse. B. Development, industry, traffic fumes and sandstorms are all the causes of bad air quality. C. Clouds of smoke in the sky is the common feature in the winter of Beijing. D. The government is making every effort to stop air pollution. |
阅读理解。 |
The physicians in a hospital form the center of medical staff. But they could not provide effective medical care to their patients without the help of numerous other medical employees. From the viewpoint of the patients, the nursing staff is particularly important. Nurses are usually in close contact with patients as long as they are in the hospital. A nurse does not study for as many years as a doctor. however , each must be equally dedicated. Caring for sick persons requires a great deal of patience and concern. Most nurses work long days, and they often must work at odd hours or during the night. Under the supervision (监管) of the head nurse, the nursing staff must provide nursing services on a 24-hour basis and attend to patients" needs. This responsibility continues around the clock, and so nurses must work in shifts. A shift is a period of duty, usually eight in length. The nurses on the ward rotate their shifts. Some take turns working night duty; others work odd shifts. A nurse must always be alert. She can never afford to be careless. This is true in all nursing situation, but it is especially true in the intensive care unit. Patients under intensive care are critically ill, and they must be monitored at all times. The nurses who do intensive care duty have one of the most demanding jobs in the hospital. Serving as a nurse can be a very rewarding job. But it is not an easy one. Not every person is suited to become a nurse. Only very dedicated people have chosen nursing as a profession. |
1. The nursing staff ______. |
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A. are central to the medical staff B. play an important role in caring for patients C. can work effectively without physicians D. are always in close contact with the patients |
2. Why don"t nurses study for as many years as doctors? |
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A. They don"t treat patients for illness and injury. B. Most nurses work long days. C. Caring for sick patients requires patience and concern. D. They are not dedicated. |
3. Nurses work in shifts because ______. |
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A. they are careless. B. nursing services must be provided continuously. C. they work at night from time to time. D. a shift is usually eight hours long. |
4. What kind of person is suited to become a nurse? |
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A. A very careful person. B. An able person. C. A very dedicated person. D. A specially trained person. |
阅读理解。 |
Almost 40 years ago, a community service organization started providing eye care in Gujarat State, in western India. The Rotary Club of Navsari operates an eye hospital and 9 area eye centers in and around Navsari, whose services are for the poorest people. The group opened the hospital, the Rotary Eye Institute of Navsari, in 1970. Institute officials say India has only about one ophthalmologist for every 120,000 people. The Institute, however, has ten such specially trained eye doctors. It has restored or improved the eyesight of thousands of patients. Many people far from the city. Teams from it travel as far as 150 kilometers to see patients. People go to their nearest camp, for conditions including glaucoma (青光眼), night blindness and other problems. Some people are found to have cataracts, abnormal growths on the eye that can lead to loss of eyesight. India has about 13 million people with the condition. Cataract patients get free operations to correct the problem. Rotary groups also operate eye banks. Doctors at these centers replace damaged eyes with the healthy eyes of donors who have just died. One such center is the Rotary Rajan Eye Bank. It operates in cooperation with the Rajan Eye Care Hospital in Chennai. The Eye Bank opened in 1996. Hundreds of patients have received new corneas from donors since then. The cornea is the clear front part of the eye that transmits light. 2 million people in India are blind because of problems of the cornea. The Rotary Rajan Eye Bank holds continuing eye donation campaigns. It urges people to leave the gift of sight to others when they die. |
1. Which of the following is TRUE about the Rotary Club of Navsari? |
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A. The Rotary Club of Navsari is a community service organization. B. The Rotary Eye Institute of Navsari has only one eye doctor. C. The Rtary Club of Navsari includes 9 area eye centers in big cities. D. The Rotary Club of Navsari offers free operation to all the poor patients. |
2. The underlined word "ophthalmologist" in Paragraph 2 refers to _____. |
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A. a physician who specializes in eyes B. a worker working in countryside C. a patient suffering eye problems D. a volunteer working in eye centers |
3. We can infer form the passage that _____. |
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A. there are 13 million Indians having eye problems in total B. the Rotary Eye Instiute of Navsari is located in the center of India C. the medical treatment is convenient for the local residents D. Transportation in Navsari is difficult |
4. According to the last paragraph, the Rotary Rajan Eye Bank gets new corneas mainly by _____. |
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A. cloning B. donating C. cooperating D. forcing |
5. The author develops the passage mainly by _____. |
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A. providing typical examples B. making a definition C. comparing two different areas D. presenting two examples and drawing a conclusion |
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