英语代词的所有用法
题目
英语代词的所有用法
答案
关系代词who,whom,whose,that,which的用法
(1) 关系代词who,whom,whose,that,which的用法
英语中的关系代词有who,whom,whose,that,which,它们是用来引导定语从句的.关系代词既代表定语从句所修饰的词,又在其所引导的从句中承担一个成分,如主语、宾语、表语或定语.如:
This is the man who saved your son.
这就是救了你儿子的那个人.(who在从句中作主语,先行词是man)
The man whom I met yesterday is Jim.
我昨天见到的那个人是吉姆.(whom在从句中作宾语,它的先行词是man)
A child whose parents are dead is an orphan.
失去父母的孩子是孤儿.(whose在从句中作定语,它的先行词是child)
He wants a room whose window looks out over the sea.
他想要个窗户面临大海的房间.(whose在从句中作定语,它的先行词是room)
[1] who,whom和whose
who和whom代表人,在从句中作主语时用who,作宾语时用whom,可省略.但若whom作介词宾语且介词放在其前时,不能省略;如介词位于句末时,可以省略.whose代表某人的,在从句中作定语.如:
The man who insists upon seeing with perfect clearness before he decides,never decides.
坚持看清楚一切后才做决定的人永远也做不了决定.(who作主语)
He is a man whom everybody respects.
他是一个人人都尊敬的人.(whom作宾语,可以省略)
He is a man fromwhom we all should learn.
他是我们大家都应该学习的人.(whom作介词宾语且介词位于其前,不能省略)
(此句也可以是:He is a man (whom) we should all learn from.)
The people whose houses were damaged will be compensated.
房子被损坏了的人将给予补偿.
Who,whom和whose可用于非限制性定语从句中,代表某人或某人的,此时不能用that.如:
My sister,who is a nurse,came home for a few days.
我姐姐回家住了几天,她是个护士.
[2] which
which代表物,在从句中可作主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略,但作介词宾语且介词位于其前时不能省略.如:
The book which helps you most are those which make you think most.
最能使你获益的书是那些最能让你深思的书.(作主语)
This is a factor which we must not neglect.
这是一个我们绝不能忽略的因素.(作宾语,可省略)
Where is the book from which you quoted this sentence?
你引用这句话的那本书在哪儿?(作介词宾语且介词位于其前时,不能省略)
which可用于非限制性定语从句中,代表物.如:
The book,which I bought second-hand,is made of oak.
我买的这张书桌是用橡木做的,它是二手货.
[3] that
that可以代表事也可代表人,在从句中可以作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略,但不能用于非限制性定语从句中.代表人时who比that用的多些,代表物时that比which用的多些.如:
The letter that came this morning is from my mother.
今天早晨收到的那封信是我母亲寄来的.(that代表物,在从句中作主语)
Those students that failed the exam will have to take it again.
考试不及格的学生必须补考.(that代表人,在从句中作主语)
Have you forgotten about the money (that) I lent you last week?
你忘了上星期我借给你钱的事了吗?(that代表物,在从句中作宾语,可省略)
All the people (that) I invited have agreed to come.
所有我邀请了的人都同意来.(that代表人,在从句中作宾语,可省略)
The hotel (that) we stayed at was both cheap and comfortable.
我们住的那家旅馆既便宜又舒服.(that代表物,在从句中作介词宾语,可省略)
(2) 补充说明
下列情况下,定语从句的关系代词只能用that,不能用which或who
[1] 当先行词中有形容词的最高级时.如:
Shakespeare is the greatest poet that English has ever had.
莎士比亚是英国所拥有的最伟大的诗人.
Is this the best that you can do?你最多只能做到这样吗?
[2] 当先行词为代词all,anything,everything,little,much,nobody,nothing时.如:
Anyone that wants to succeed must work hard. 任何想要获得成功的人必须努力工作.
[3] 当先行词中有含有any,every,no,only,the first,the last,the same时.如:
You are the only person that can help me.你是唯一能帮助我的人.
Take the first chance that offers.抓住出现的第一个机会.
(3) 没有先行词的关系代词
如果关系代词引导的从句不是作定语修饰先行词而是充当句子成分,这种关系代词就没有先行词,它只起连接作用.这种关系代词有:what,whatever,whoever,whichever,wherever等.如:
What woke me up was a splashing noise.
把我吵醒的是一阵溅水的声音.(what从句作主语)
I don't know what good they could have done.
我不知道他们能起什么好作用.(what从句作宾语)
Whoever breaks the law is punished in the end.
违法者终将被惩罚.(whoever引导的从句作主语)
举一反三
已知函数f(x)=x,g(x)=alnx,a∈R.若曲线y=f(x)与曲线y=g(x)相交,且在交点处有相同的切线,求a的值和该切线方程.
我想写一篇关于奥巴马的演讲的文章,写哪一篇好呢?为什么好
最新试题
热门考点
- 像这样弯曲的纸的形状叫( )
- 中考语文古诗词填空带答案
- “卿今当涂掌事,不可不学!”表现了孙权的什么心理?
- 在复平面上,设点ABC对应复数分别为I,1,4+2I.过ABC做平行四边形ABCD.求点D的坐标及平行四边形的对角线BD的长
- 数学简算125乘26乘83简算
- f(x)=ax+(1/a)(1-x),其中a>0,记f(x)在0≤x≤1的最小值为g(a)求g(a)表达式
- 物体自由下落的高度h(米)和下落的时间t(秒)的关系是:在地球大约是h=4.9t^2.在月球大约是h=0.8t^2.
- 一列数从第三个数起每个是都是前两个数的和,已知第三个数是4.2第六个数是18.4,求第一个数(列方程解
- 水果批发市场有桔子450千克,苹果比橘子少5分之1,比梨多3分之1.水果市场有梨多少千克
- 甲对乙说,你给我130元,我的钱比你多1倍.乙回答,你只要给我20元,我的钱就比你多2倍