Most people will tell you that they can’t work without a cup of coffee in the mo

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Most people will tell you that they can’t work without a cup of coffee in the morning. Research has shown that a cup of coffee does give a person slight excitement.

Legend said that Kaldi, an Ethiopian, found his goats happier while enjoying coffee plants. Curiously, he tasted the leaves and began to dance around. Whether the Legend was true or not, the discovery of coffee dates back to 800A. D. Soon Arabians were roasting coffee beans. Muslims were drinking coffee to stay awake by 1000 A.D. A merchant from Venice introduced coffee to Europe in 1615. By 1696, the Dutch started growing the coffee bush in Java. By 1723, coffee plants were introduced to the Americans. Today, coffee is the most popular drink in the world.
Caffeine is the major chemical in coffee. It blocks(阻止) adenosine, a chemical that makes you sleepy. People can get a pick-me-up or stimulation(刺激) from the drink. The stimulation does not last long. Caffeine poisoning can occur if more than 400 milligrams of caffeine is drunk in a short period, which is about four to five cups of coffee. Caffeine will also cause sleep difficulty, so it should not be drunk before bed.
Caffeine has many advantages. Studies have shown that it helps improve some skills in elderly women. Women who drank three cups of coffee daily scored higher on memory tests than women who drank one cup of coffee. According to newser.com, one cup of coffee a day protects the brain. Coffee also can help people keep away from many diseases according to webmd.com.
Large amounts of coffee can cause nervousness, worries and a fast heartbeat. However, if you mix coffee with milk, it’s fine. Caffeine can be addictive like any drug. The more you drink, the more you depend on it. For some people, just one cup of coffee a day is OK.
小题1:Who found the most popular drink in the world according to the Legend?

A．An Ethiopian.

B．Arabians.

C．Muslims.

D．The Dutch.

小题2:When was the coffee introduced to Europe?

A．In the 1710s.

B．In the 1610s.

C．In the 1690s.

D．In the 1720s.

小题3:From the third paragraph we can learn ___________.

A．caffeine can make people sleepy

B．adenosine can make people awake

C．about four to five cups of coffee will cause sleep difficulty

D．coffee is considered harmful if it is taken in a large amount

小题4:The fourth paragraph mainly tells us ___________.

A．the importance of coffee	B．the good effects of coffee
C．the bad effects of coffee	D．the development of coffee

小题5:If you like drinking coffee, you had better_______.

A．drink it before bed	B．give up this bad habit
C．drink one cup of coffee a day	D．drink more coffee than milk

答案

小题1:A
小题2:B
小题3:D
小题4:B
小题5:C

解析

试题分析：这篇短文主要介绍了人们喜欢的咖啡。据说咖啡是一个埃塞俄比亚人发现的，在1615年威尼斯的商人把它传到了欧洲。咖啡有许多的优点，但大量饮用却对人体有害。
小题1:细节理解题。根据短文第二段Legend said that Kaldi, an Ethiopian, found his goats happier while enjoying coffee plants. Curiously, he tasted the leaves and began to dance around描述可知是Kaldi，一个埃塞俄比亚人发现了咖啡这种饮料的作用，故选A
小题2:细节理解题。根据第二段A merchant from Venice introduced coffee to Europe in 1615. 1615年来自威尼斯的商人将咖啡介绍到欧洲，故选B。
小题3:归纳总结题。根据第三段描述咖啡因是咖啡中的主要化学物质，它会让人昏昏欲睡，如果过量食用会中毒，咖啡因还会造成睡眠困难。即过量饮用咖啡是有害的，故选D。
小题4:归纳理解题。根据第四段的主题句Caffeine has many advantages.故选B。
小题5:细节理解题。根据最后一段For some people, just one cup of coffee a day is OK.描述，可知一天一杯咖啡就正好。故选C

举一反三

Cats’ sense of smell is very important to their health. Many cat owners have seen a cat smell the food and refuses it. Careful sniffing tells the cat if something is safe to eat.

Cats have a pair of vomeronasal organs(犁鼻器) on the roof of the mouth. When the cat wants to sniff, she will breathe the air in through her mouth. At this moment, she will often squint(斜视) her eyes and maybe even flatten(使…平坦) her ears. This makes her look like she is making faces. The vomeronasal organs will then analyze the smell---almost as if the cat is tasting the smell.
When you come home from outside the house, your cat can smell what you had for lunch and for a mid-afternoon snack. She can smell the people you shook hands with and your neighbour you stopped to talk to and hug. She can smell the grass brought under your shoes as you took a shortcut across the lawn. Your cat’s sense of smell is so good that she can smell difference between a gallon of water with a teaspoon of salt in it and plain water. In comparison, we think of salt as completely tasteless.
Cats have scent glands(臭腺) on each side of the forehead, on the chin, the lips and next to the tail. When your cat rubs up against your hand, your leg, the sofa, and your bed, she is leaving her scent in those things. She will then use her sense of smell to recognize “her” things, people and even other pets in the home.
If you want to have fun with your cat’s sense of smell, take some small bits of different things, such as a bit of chicken, some flowers and some fish. Place each different scent under a piece of paper towel(so your cat cannot see any of them) and encourage your cat to investigate and find what kind of food she likes to eat best.
小题1:Cats know whether the food is fit to eat or not with their____________.

A．sense of touch

B．scent glands

C．organs of smell

D．sense of taste

小题2:The third paragraph was written mainly to prove that _____________.

A．cats are very smart

B．cats have a good sense as dogs

C．salty water has a special smell

D．cats’ sense of smell is excellent

小题3:What does your cat do when it rubs against your foot?

A．She puts her scent on it.

B．She shows respect to you.

C．She asks you to play with her.

D．She smells where you were just now.

小题4:What does the word “investigate” mean in the last paragraph?

A．Smell.

B．See.

C．Search.

D．Send.

小题5:The passage mainly tells us _________________.

A．cats are one of our best friends

B．cats have sharp sense of smell

C．sense of smell is very important

D．cats know if something is safe to eat

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阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
Blood donation, also called blood banking, is a wonderful thing to do. It is an easy and direct way of making a contribution to social work and having a big effect on the community. It helps to save lives and helps those who are in need of blood because of bad conditions or the heavy loss of blood during operations or in accidents.

You are able to give or donate blood every three or four months. The doctors say it is not bad for your health. It is such a beautiful way of making a huge difference to someone’s life and you can always be proud of it if you make a valuable contribution to society. Blood donation is not a big problem, but you need to keep a few points in mind.
Before donating blood, make sure that the ferrum(铁) level in your body is high enough and for that you should take a healthy diet. Do not go for blood donation with an empty stomach. You should follow the correct process so that everything goes well. After having a balanced diet you will feel strong and comfortable to donate blood. You will not feel weak at the same time.
For required hemoglobin(血红蛋白) in your body, drink lots of juice and other drinks. Fruit juice, such as apple juice is very good for increasing the blood level in your body.
For a good blood flow(血流) in your body, drink at least 6-7 glasses of water every day. Completely avoid taking alcohol or caffeine a day before and after giving blood. Do not smoke cigarettes(烟) half an hour before giving blood.
When you are going for blood donation, be relaxed, which helps keep the right blood pressure(血压). During the blood donation activity, you can breathe deeply and try to calm yourself down. Don’t take part in some other activities.
When you donate blood, you are making the effort to save someone’s life. Blood donation is a very simple and fast process, but you need to take care of yourself after donating blood. Proper care helps to reduce side effects. The following are a few tips that will help you out.
Take a rest for 15 minutes after completion of the donation. It helps you to feel relaxed and energetic.
Eat something and drink juice before leaving the blood donation center. Make sure that you have meals after donating blood. Smoking should be prevented for one hour after the process. Don’t join in some activities at once, for example, driving.
Finally, be proud of yourself because you have done a great thing in helping to save someone’s life. Blood donation is a very important activity.

Title	Blood donation— an important activity
The 小题1: of blood donation	Making contributions to 小题2: work and the community. Helping those people who suffer the 小题3: of blood.
Before the donation	Take a healthy diet for a 小题4: ferrum level. Drink fruit juice for enough hemoglobin. Drink at least 6-7 glasses of water a day for a good blood flow. Avoid taking alcohol and 小题5: cigarettes. Never take 小题6: in other activities.
During the donation	Relax and take a 小题7: breath.
After the donation	Take a rest. Don’t forget meals. Don’t smoke 小题8: one hour later after the process. Never join in some activities 小题9: . Giving yourself a sense of 小题10: of it after making a valuable contribution to society.

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Have you ever wanted to travel back in time? What about traveling into the future? There’s an easy way to do it. One way you can make a time travel journey is by writing a letter to your future self to be opened in the future. To your future self, the letter will be a visit from the past.

What can be gained by writing a letter to yourself? Depends on how good your letter is. You have the chance to say something to your future self. What would you want to communicate? You’ll be able to talk to yourself 5,10,15 years down the road. There may be instructions for your future self, or you may have goals that you will want to check up on.
There are a lot of things you could include in your letter or letters to yourself. The more you include, the better the letter will be to you. Be creative with what you put in your letter. Include a picture of yourself or family to show the period from which the letter came.
You can store your letter in many different ways. You can give your letter to a friend or family member to keep and mail to you. If you can get others to take part, have them write letters to themselves as well and ask someone to be the letter holder until it’s time to send the letters. You can also use a service online to store your letter and e-mail it to you.
小题1:How can you travel into the future?

A．By traveling back in time.

B．By paying a visit to the future

C．By opening a letter from the past.

D．By writing a letter to your future self.

小题2:If you want to gain more in the future, you should_________.

A．have the chance to say something to your future self

B．talk to yourself 5, 10, 15 years down the road

C．write more about instructions for your future self

D．include as many things as possible in your letter

小题3:Why do you put a picture in your letter?

A．To check up on your goals.

B．To share your feelings with your family.

C．To show the time when the letter was written.

D．To find out your thoughts and feelings now.

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People have known since ancient times that aspirin（阿司匹林） reduces pain and lowers high body temperature. But that is not all the drug can do. In recent years, it has been used in other ways, too. Small amounts may help prevent a stroke or heart attack. One recent study showed that some people who took two aspirin pills a day had lower rates of colorectal cancer. And, some researchers say aspirin may help patients with colon cancer live longer. So, how did aspirin become so important? The story begins with a willow（柳树）．
2, 000 years ago, the Greek doctor Hippocrates advised his patients to chew on the bark and leaves of the willow. The tree contains a chemical called salicin. In the 1800s, researchers discovered how to make salicylic acid from the chemical. In 1897, a chemist named Felix Hoffmann at Friedrich Bayer and Company in Germany created acetyl salicylic acid. Later, it became the active substance in a medicine that Bayer called aspirin. The "a" came from acetyl. The "spir" came from the spirea plant, which also produces salicin. And the "in" ? That is a common way to end medicine names.
In 1982, a British scientist shared the Nobel Prize in Medicine in part for discovering how aspirin works. Sir John Vane found that aspirin prevents the body from making the natural substances called prostaglandins. Prostaglandins have several effects on the body. Some cause pain and swelling（肿）． Prostaglandins also make the heart, kidneys(肾) and blood vessels work well. So there is a problem. Aspirin works against all prostaglandins, good and bad. It can also harm the inside of the stomach, and sometimes it can cause bleeding.
But a British study released in 2009 suggested that taking another drug with a small amount of aspirin may help reduce the risk of bleeding. If this proves true, it would help thousands of people who are seeking to prevent life-threatening conditions.
小题1: The writer wrote this passage to______.

A．tell us the harm of aspirin

B．help us know aspirin better

C．explain why aspirin is useful

D．prove that aspirin is a good medicine

小题2:What do we learn about aspirin from Paragraph 1?

A．It is not used until recent years.

B．Using it for a long time may lead to cancer.

C．It is very dangerous if it is used in the wrong way,

D．It has gained important new uses in recent years.

小题3:When was the acetyl salicylic acid created?

A．about 2,000 years ago.	B．In the early 1800s.
C．In the late 1800s	D．In recent years

小题4:What is waiting to be solved according to the last paragraph?

A．The bleeding caused by taking aspirin.

B．How to reduce the risk of getting colorectal cancer.

C．How to help patients with colon cancer live longer

D．The problem of low body temperature caused by taking aspirin

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The following points are provided for you to think of your life and you are expected to be a better one.
·Get to know yourself.
Discover the real you. Don’t accept the role which doesn’t belong to you. You have your own path to follow. Be your own independent person. Refuse extra pressure that makes you into a role you dislike.
·Own your power.
Accept full responsibility(责任) for your life. Don’t live as a sheep or a victim. Stop giving away your power. You must accept that you’re the creator(创造者) of your life and that no one is coming to rescue(解救) you.
·Find your voice.
Build your courage to express yourself. Speak your truth. You deserve to be heard. Ask for what you want. You can’t expect others to be mind-readers. You teach others how you want to be treated.
·Keep your heart open.
How badly you may have been hurt before. Keep your heart open. You are stronger than you think. You are here to express love, not to live in the fear.
·Become wise.
Keep learning and growing. In the long run, if you are wise, you can meet your own needs and also can help others.
To be yourself

Suggestions	Details
Get to know yourself.	·Discover the real you. ·Follow your own mind. ·Don’t 小题1: extra pressure.
Own your power.	·Accept full responsibility. ·Stop giving away your power. · 小题2: your life.
Find your own voice.	·Express yourself truly. ·Don’t be `小题3:` when necessary.
Keep your heart open.	·Don’t keep your heart 小题4:.
Become wise.	·Keep learning and growing. ·Help others with your 小题5: .

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