About ten men in every hundred have the trouble of color blindness in some way.

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About ten men in every hundred have the trouble of color blindness in some way. Women are luckier, only about one in two hundred is affected（感染）in this matter. Perhaps, after all ,it is safer to be driven by a woman.
There are different kinds of color blindness. For example, a man cannot see deep red. He may think that red, orange and yellow are all shades (影子) of green. Sometimes a person can’t tell the difference between blue and green. Only a few unlucky men may see everything in shades of green— a strange world indeed.
Color blindness in human beings is a different thing to explain. In only one eye there are millions of very small things called “cones（锥状细胞）” . These help us to see in the bright light and to tell differences between colors. These are also millions of “rods“（杆状细胞），but these are used for seeing when it is nearly dark. They show us shapes but not colors.
Some insects have favorite colors. Mosquitoes(蚊子) like blue but do not like yellow. A red light will not attract insects, but a blue light will. Human beings also have favorite colors. Yet we are lucky. With the help of the cones in our eyes, we can see many beautiful colors by day, and with the help of the rods we can see shapes at night.
小题1:“Color blindness” means           in Chinese.
A. 盲目        B. 无色      C 色盲    D 讨厌颜色
小题2: Some people say it’s safer to be driven by women because         .

A．women drive more carefully

B．women are better at driving than men

C．women can see things more clearly

D．there are fewer color — blind women

小题3:With the help of the “cones”, we can .

A．tell different shapes	B．kill insets
C．see in the dark	D．tell orange from yellow

小题4: We can attract and kill mosquitoes by using a light.

A．red

B．yellow

C．blue

D．green

小题5: Which of the following sentences about color blindness is TRUE?

A．None of men can see deep red.

B．Not all of men have the same problem in recognizing colors.

C．None of men can tell the difference between blue and green.

D．All of men see everything in shades of green.

答案

小题1:C
小题2:D
小题3:D
小题4:C
小题5:B

解析

试题分析：
小题1:根据词的意思可知：color“颜色”，blindness“失明”，所以color blindness就是“色盲”的意思。
小题2:通过阅读第一段，我们可知，妇女开车之所以更安全，是因为她们很少是色盲，很容易区分颜色，特别是交通灯。所以本题选D。
小题3:通过These help us to see in the bright light and to tell differences between colors.可知，“cones”能帮助我们分辨颜色，所以本题应该选D“将黄色与橙色区分开”。
小题4:通过 Mosquitoes(蚊子) like blue 可知，我们应该利用蚊子喜欢蓝色的特性，用蓝光吸引蚊子，从而消灭文中。所以本题选C。
小题5:通过阅读全文可知，ACD都太绝对，是错误的；而B的意思是“并非所有的男人在认识颜色方面存在相同的问题。”很明显是正确的。
点评：本文是有关色盲的文章。文章从什么是色盲，色盲的种类，色盲的原因以及动物的色盲等四个方面讲述了色盲。完成本题时应该熟读短文，注意对色盲一些细节的描述，应该根据已有的信息，加以合理的推测。还应注意上下文之间的关系。

举一反三

Do you know anything about the moon? The moon is __1____than the earth（地球）, but the sun is ___2___ bigger than the earth. The moon is __3__ from the earth. It’s 380 000 kilometres away. On the earth we see that the moon __4___like a cake. There is _ 5____air on the moon, ___6___there is no living things there. The side of the moon towards（朝，向）the sun is very hot, while the other side is very __7____. People can jump__8__ on the moon than on the earth and walk more __9___there. It takes more than three days to get to the moon __10___spaceship（宇宙飞船）.

小题1:

A．smaller

B．bigger

C．shorter

D．longer

小题2:

A．very

B．much

C．quite

D．longer

小题3:

A．near

B．middle

C．far

D．back

小题4:

A．looks

B．watches

C．sees

D．finds

小题5:

A．much

B．some

C．no

D．any

小题6:

A．but

B．again

C．then

D．so

小题7:

A．hot

B．cold

C．warm

D．light

小题8:

A．happy

B．higher

C．early

D．different

小题9:

A．easily

B．hard

C．late

D．early

小题10:

A．on

B．by

C．in

D．at

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It was so dark outside the car window that it was hard to see anything.
“ Can I have a carrot, Mom?” Bruce asked.
“I don’t have any carrots,” his mom said. “How about an apple?”
“No,” said Bruce. “It has to be a carrot.”
“Why do you want a carrot?” asked his mom
“You always say carrots help your eyes.” said Bruce. “If I eat one now, it might help me see in the dark.”
Would eating a carrot really help Bruce? What is special about carrots? What makes a carrot special is its color. Carrots are orange because they contain(包含) bta-carotene( 胡萝卜素). Beta-carotene is a way of saying vitamin A. Your eyes need vitamin A. It helps them work.
When light hits your eye, very small parts inside turn the light into messages. The messages go to your brain（大脑）, and then you know what you’re looking at. Your eye can only turn light into messages when it has a special chemical(化学物质). Your eyes use vitamin A to make the special chemical. Every time your eye changes light into messages, a little bit of the chemical is used up. By the end of the day, you’ve looked at hundreds of things. That uses up a lot of the chemical. Your eyes need to make more.
What should you eat if you don’t like carrots? Don’t worry. Other fruits and vegetables have vitamin A, too. The secret is in their color. Most orange or red fruits and vegetables contain beta-carotene, or vitamin A, Sweet vegetable, red peppers（胡椒）, Mangoes(芒果) are a few foods that have the same orange secret.
小题1: Bruce wanted a carrot because he thought _______.
A. he liked it
B. it could help him see in the dark
C. it was sweet and delicious
小题2:How does vitamin A help your eyes work?
A. The special chemical can stop your eyes from using up vitamin A.
B. The special chemical is used to make Vitamin A which turns the light into messages
C. Vitamin A is used to make the special chemical which turns light into messages.
小题3: Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Carrots are orange because they store beta-carotene.
B. Any food which is orange or red must have some Vitamin A.
C. Most fruits that are orange or red store some beta-carotene or Vitamin A.
小题4: Sweet vegetable, red peppers, and mangoes don’t have the same orange secret, do they?
A. No, they don’t. B. Yes, they do. C. I’m not sure.
小题5: The passage mainly tells us that _______.
A. we can’t see in the dark unless we eat many carrots every day
B. we can’t see unless we eat a lot of orange or red food every day
C. we should eat some food containing vitamin A so that we can see well

题型：不详难度：| 查看答案

Long time ago, our world was very beautiful. There were trees, flowers and rivers. It was very clean and tidy. 1 . We are living in a polluted environment, which is bad for out earth. 2 .The public has been calling for actions against pollution. Scientists have told us to protect out environment, 3 .
The earth is our only home. We should make it comfortable for ourselves and for our children in the future. Now nearly all of the countries are trying their best to stop pollution. Although they have done much, the progress is slow, 4 . No matter how difficult it is, we should try our best to fight against pollution. By working together, 5 .
根据短文内容，从方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，补全短文。（5分）

题型：不详难度：| 查看答案

In China, water is used in many different ways. Farming takes 60 percent of China’s water use. Personal use, like drinking water, takes only 12 pencent. Fifty- three countries and regions (地方) in the world have water shortages. About one fifth of the world’s population was suffer(遭受) from water shortage.
Tips for saving water
Saving water is as easy as turning off a tap! Here are some simple things you can do at home.
² Turn off the water while you’re brushing your teeth.
² Take shorter showers. Can you get your showers down to three minutes?
² Fill a liter (升) plastic bottle with water and put it in your toilet tank. It will take up the same space as the water usually does, but in a year, it will keep 20,000 liters of water.
² When you wash dishes and clothes, don’t let the water run.
² Use the washing machine only when it’s full of clothes.
² 根据短文内容，填写下面表格。

Saving water
In China, ___1______ takes 60 percent of China’s water use.
Tips for saving water
_2_______ off the water while you’re brushing your teeth.	Take _____3__ showers. It’s best to get your showers down to three minutes.
Using a plastic bottle with water, put it in your toilet tank to __4_____ water.		Don’t let the water _5_____when you wash dishes and clothes.
Don’t use the __6______________unitl it is full of clothes.

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A big, mighty(高大的) tree stood in a forest. Its branches(树枝) spread out and its roots (根) went deep in the earth. A lot of people came here to have a rest under it. And a lot of birds stood on its branches to sing and dance. The big tree was very proud all the time.
At the foot of the tree, there was a little plant. The plant was thin, and seemed to be blown down by any of a little wind.
One day, the two neighbors were having a little chat.
“Well, little one,” said the tree to the plant, “why not put your feet deeply in the earth, and raise your head high in the air as I do?”
“I see there is no need to do so,” said the plant with a smile. “In fact, I think I may be safer in this way.”
“Safer?” said the tree. “Are you safer than I am? Do you know how deep my roots are in the earth and how strong my branches are? Who can possibly pull me out by the roots or bow my head to the ground?” And the tree didn’t want to say anything to the weak plant.
But the tree was to regret its words very soon. One evening, a great hurricane(飓风) came. It blew the trees off their roots and almost destroyed the forest completely. It uprooted（将……连根拔起）the mighty tree and blew it away with great force.
When the storm had gone, the villagers living nearby came to check the damage. The mighty tree lay on the ground, but the little plant still stood there.
小题1:Who was the big tree’s neighbor?

A．People.

B．Birds.

C．A little plant.

D．Branches.

小题2:Why was the big tree proud before its neighbor?

A．Because a lot of people came to have a rest under it.

B．Because it was tall and thick.

C．Because a lot of birds stood on its branches to sing and dance.

D．All of the above.

小题3:Why didn’t the big tree want to say anything to the little plant?

A．Because the big tree was tired.

B．Because the little plant knew less than the big tree.

C．Because the strong wind came.

D．Because the big tree looked down upon(看不起)the little plant.

小题4:What did the villagers living nearby see after the hurricane had gone?

A．They saw the forest was flooded.

B．They saw the big tree lying on the ground.

C．They saw the big tree was still mighty.

D．They saw some birds singing on the little plant.

小题5: What’s probably the best title of the passage?

A．Trees in the Forest.	B．A Mighty Tree.
C．Trees and Plants.	D．A Clever Plant.

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