For most people, the word "fashion (时尚)" means "clothes". But people may ask the
题型：不详难度：来源：
For most people, the word "fashion (时尚)" means "clothes". But people may ask the question, "What clothes are in fashion?" And they use the word "fashionable" in the same way:
"She was wearing a fashionable coat. His shirt was really a fashionable colour. "
But of course there are fashions in many things, not only in clothes. There are fashions in holidays, in restaurants, in films and books. There are even fashions in school subjects, jobs ... and in languages.
Fashions change as time goes. If you look at pictures of people or things from the past, you will see that fashions have always changed. An English house of 1750 was different from one of 1650. A fashionable man in 1780 looked very different from his grandson in 1860.
Today fashions change very quickly. Some of this is natural. We hear about things much more quickly than in the past. Newspapers, radios, telephones and television send information from one country to another in a few hours.
New fashions mean that people will buy new things, so you see there is money in fashion.
小题1:Most people think that "fashion" means __________.| A．subjects | B．holidays | C．books | D．clothes |
小题2:By we can see that fashions change as time goes.| A．finding a job | | B．looking at pictures | | C．eating in a restaurant | | D．wearing a fashionable coat |
小题3:In the 5th paragraph the writer mentions kinds of ways to send information.小题4:"There is money in fashion" means| A．people like fashion and money | | B．fashionable things are expensive | | C．one can make money through fashion | | D．a fashionable man makes much money |
小题5:The passage is mainly about .| A．the changes of fashions | | B．the kinds of colours | | C．the money in fashion | | D．the differences between houses |
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答案
小题1:D
小题2:B
小题3:B
小题4:C
小题5:A |
解析
短文属于说明文。讲述了时尚的表现，以及随着时间及科技发展时尚的发生的变化。
小题1:细节理解题。从短文第一段“For most people, the word "fashion" means "clothes".”可知。
小题2:综合理解题。从第三段“Fashions change as time goes. If you look at pictures…”可知。
小题3:细节理解题。从第五段最后一句“Newspapers, radios, telephones and television”可知，提到了四种。
小题4:推理判断题。根据最后一段“New fashions mean that people will buy new things”作者的观点是人们要花钱买新时尚，所以这里的意思是，通过新时尚可以挣钱。
小题5:主旨大意题。短文主要讲的是时尚的表现和时尚的变化，所以B、C、D三项与此关系不大，应排除。 |
举一反三
How do you remember the way to your house? Where do dreams come from?
It is your brain (大脑) that does these things. A British scientist showed that sleep can improve one’s memory. It’s not a dream for students to study when they sleep. In fact, your brain is working day and night. If you learn words before bed, a certain part of your brain may help you to remember the words while you sleep. What’s more, another scientist in the USA found that there was a “talent button(按钮)” in the human brain. It might make a person more talented(有才能的).
There are more interesting things about the brain. Your brain uses less energy than a fridge light. Just two bananas can give the brain enough energy to work for a whole day. According to some scientists, yawning（打哈欠）keeps your brain “cool”, which makes us think quicker.
Here are some pieces of advice to keep a good brain:
● Eat healthy food.
● Get a lot of playtime or exercise.
● Don’t drink or smoke.
● Use your brain a lot.
小题1:A British scientist found out that .| A．drinking could affect our memories. | | B．dreams could affect our memories. | | C．sleep could improve our memories. | | D．bananas could improve our memories. |
小题2:According to the passage, if we want to have a good brain, we should .| A．use our brains more | | B．sleep fewer hours | | C．work longer hours | | D．remember fewer things |
小题3:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?| A．Our brains only work in the daytime. | | B．Our brains need much energy every day. | | C．Smoking can keep our brains healthy. | | D．Getting exercise is good for our brains. |
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Cars are an important part of life in the United States. Without cars most people feel that they are poor. And even though a person is poor, he doesn"t really feel poor when he has a car.
Perhaps(可能) you have heard of Henry Ford. He first started making cars in large numbers. Perhaps he didn"t know how much the car was going to be to American culture(文化). The car made the United States a nation on wheels(车轮). And it helped make the United States what it is now.
The car has become popular in the United States. The Americans like to move around in cars. With a car people can go to any place without spending a lot of money.
小题1:In the United States ____. | A．only rich people have cars | | B．no poor people have cars | | C．most people have cars | | D．only a few people have beautiful cars |
小题2:Who was Henry Ford? ____. | A．He was one of the famous car makers | | B．He was the most popular man in the USA | | C．He was the richest man in the USA | | D．He was the first car maker in American history |
小题3:Henry Ford started making cars in large numbers because ____. | A．he wanted to change the American culture | | B．he knew cars would be make only in the United States | | C．he thought Americans would like his cars best | | D．he knew more and more people would buy cars |
小题4:Which of the following do you think is true? ____.
A. There are too many people everywhere in the USA.
B. There are a lot of cars everywhere in the USA .
C. Car pollution(污染) is the biggest problem in the USA.
D. Every family more or less has a car.
小题5:We can know from this passage(文章) that ____. | A．cars are cheaper in the USA | | B．the Americans are the richest in the world | | C．the Americans like to move around in cars | | D．the USA makes the most cars |
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In the opinion of many people, the twoparent family is the correct way to raise children. Traditionally, this has been as the most natural way, but singleparent families have had to face prejudices(偏见) against their lifestyle. However, the singleparent family is the fastest growing type of family. In the United States, a national survey showed that at least 50% of children will be members of a singleparent family. So we think it is important to throw prejudices away and to see the advantages of singleparent families.
When compared to twoparent families, singleparent families are usually at a disadvantage in some ways. They are often in short of money, and children receive less attention. What’s more, single parents can find themselves under too much pressure(压力) of both work and home. Despite(尽管) these disadvantages, it is possible for singleparent families to look for support from friends, schools, communities or other organizations. They need to remember that nobody can do it alone.
Surprisingly, singleparent families also have some advantages over twoparent families. Single parents have greater flexibility(灵活性) in spending time with children, because they don’t have to consider the needs of a husband or wife. So they can develop closer relationships with their children. Another advantage comes from the fact that single parents often work together with their children to solve problems, which makes children feel more needed and valued.
It’s important to remember that singleparent families have, until now suffered prejudices from some people. They think that it’s easier for the children in singleparent families to drop out of school in teens, and to be jobless in their early twenties. But, with the support from friends, schools and communities, singleparent families become more accepted by society, and this situation is certain to improve. In the future we will probably see these prejudices disappear.
小题1:What does the writer mainly tell us in Paragraph 1?
A. People shouldn’t have prejudices against singleparent families.
B. The singleparent family is not good for raising children.
C. The twoparent family is the correct way to raise children.
D. 50% of children will be members of a singleparent family in the USA.
小题2:Which disadvantage of singleparent families is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 2?| A．They are often in short of money. | | B．Children may receive less attention. | | C．Children also suffer from the prejudice. | | D．Parents are under pressure of both work and home. |
小题3:How can single parents make their children feel more needed and valued?| A．Don’t consider the needs of others. | | B．Pay more attention to their children. | | C．Develop closer relationships with their children. | | D．Discuss and solve problems together with their children. |
小题4:Which of the following may be the best title for this passage?| A．Advantages and Disadvantages | | B．Changing Views on Singleparent Families | | C．Best Lifestyle for Children | | D．Comparing Two Types of Family |
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根据短文后所给的任务，完成小题.
Now the idea of “car sharing” has become popular in Europe and the United States. That’s to say, people share（分享） one car, not each person has one . (65)As we know, most cars are parked in garages for much time. In fact, we drive our own cars as long as one or two hours a day on average. When we don’t use them, We have to pay for parking and other things. (66)We spend too much money on that. If we share a car, we’ll only pay when we use it. (67)Because some people want to save money, they come up with the idea of “car sharing”. Now many people are starting to do car sharing. In Switzerland, almost 40,000 people have joined it. Japan is also trying to make “car sharing” popular around the country. (68)car, is, of, new, sharing, transportation, beginning, a, idea, the, in .（69）This is also very easy for us to travel here and there without buying cars. Do you love to share a car with others?
任务1：请将（65）处的句子翻译成汉语。
小题1:
任务2：在下面的空白处填上一个适当的单词，使句意与（66）处相同。
小题2:That us too much money.
任务3：对（67）处的划线部分提问。
小题3: ?
任务4：请将（68）处的单词组合成一个完整的句子。
小题4:
任务5：(69)处有一处错误，请找出错误并改在下面的横线上。（可用文字叙述）
小题5: |
The American expression “shoo-in” means someone or something that seems sure to win a race or competition.
Before a big football game, supporters of each are certain to argue about which side will win.
Sometimes, however, one team appears so much stronger than the others that everyone agrees it will win.. The stronger team is a shoo-in. There is no way that it can lose.
The expression “shoo-in” comes from horse racing. It comes from the world “shoo”. That is not the shoe we wear on our feet. It’s another word, S-H-O-O. To shoo is an expression hundreds of years old that means to force an animal to move in a desired direction.
Many years ago dishonest riders sometimes agreed secretly to control their horses so that one chosen horse would win the race. but one of the riders would hold back their horses. The chosen rider would shoo his horse ahead of the others, and win the race.
The other riders would secretly bet large amounts of money that the chosen horse would win. The public soon learned about such about such race. They began to call the winners of such a race a “shoo-in”
These days, people use shoo into describe any athlete or competition that seems certain to win, even without cheating.
American runner Edewin Moses won more than hundred races before he ran the hurdle race in the 1984 Olympic Games. Everyone said Moses was a shoo-in, and that he could not lost. And they were right. He won the gold medal.
阅读上面的短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案
小题1:One of the dishonest riders was sure to win the race because_______.| A．be used to be the best in riding | | B．the pubic had belief in him | | C．he could not control his horse easily | | D．the other riders had agreed to fail in the race |
小题2:The reason why American runner Edewin Moses was regarded as a
“Shoo-in” is _________.| A．due to his honest in the races he ran in | | B．duo to his great effort(努力) shown in more than one hundred races | | C．that he won over 100 competitions before the 1984 Olympic Games | | D．that the old meaning of “shoo-in’ had changed |
小题3:Which is the following statement is not true?| A．“Shoo-in” came from the word “shoo”. | | B．The US runner Moses was worthy of (配得上 ) a shoo-in. | | C．The public did not know they were being cheated | | D．Some riders bet a lot of money on the chosen horse. |
小题4:The main idea of the passage is that “shoo-in” is_______.| A．used for anyone or anything that is certain to win a game | | B．used to admire( 钦佩 ) a person who seems to be sure to win a race | | C．A word used to describe a dishonest person | | D．used for any athlete or competitor that too clever to be cheated |
小题5:In the last paragraph the author means to tell us ________.| A．who Edewin Moses was | | B．Moses won a lot of races | | C．Moses was the best runners in America | | D．We can use “shoo-in” to describe an excellent runner. |
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