“Experience may possibly be the best teacher, but it is not a particularly good
题型:不详难度:来源:
“Experience may possibly be the best teacher, but it is not a particularly good teacher.” You might think that Winston Churchill or perhaps Mark Twain spoke those words, but they actually come from James March, a professor at Stanford University and a pioneer in the field of organizational decision making. For years March (possibly be wisest philosopher of management) has studied how humans think and act, and he continues to do so in his new book The Ambiguities of Experience. He begins by reminding us of just how firmly we have been sticking to the idea of experiential learning: “Experience is respected;experience is sought;experience is explained.” The problem is that learning from experience involves serious complications (复杂化), ones that are part of the nature of experience itself and which March discusses in the body of this book. In one interesting part of the book, for example, he turns a doubtful eye toward the use of stories as the most effective way of experiential learning. In our efforts to make stories interesting, he argues, we lose part of the complicated truth of things. He says “The more accurately reality is presented, the less understandable the story, and the more understandable the story, the less realistic it is.” Besides being a broadly knowledgeable researcher, March is also a poet, and his gift shines through in the depth of views he offers and the simple language he uses. Though the book is short, it is demanding: Don’t pick it up looking for quick, easy lessons. Rather, be ready to think deeply about learning from experience in work and life. 小题1:According to the text, James March is ________.A.a poet who uses experience in his writing | B.a teacher who teachers story writing in university | C.a researcher who studies the way humans think and act | D.a professor who helps organizations make important decisions | 小题2:According to James March, experience ________. A.is overvalued | B.is easy to explain | C.should be actively sought | D.should be highly respected | 小题3:What can we learn from Paragraph 3?A.Experience makes stories more accurate. | B.Stories made interesting fail to fully present the truth. | C.The use of stories is the best way of experiential learning. | D.Stories are easier to understand when reality is more accurately described. | 小题4:What’s the purpose of this text?A.To introduce a book. | B.To describe a researcher. | C.To explain experiential learning. | D.To discuss organizational decision making. |
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答案
小题1:C 小题2:A 小题2:B 小题3:A |
解析
试题分析:文章介绍了James March这个作家和他的一本新书叫做《前车可鉴》。 小题1:考查细节理解。根据第一段中“For years March…has studied how humans think and act…”可知James March 是一位一直在从事人类思想和行动方法研究的科学家。选C 小题2:考查推理判断。根据文章最后一句话“Don’t pick it up looking for quick, easy lessons. Rather, be ready to think deeply about learning from experience in work and life.”结合全文不难看出以往人们对经验估价的过高。选A 小题2:考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中“In our efforts to make stories interesting, he argues, we lose part of the complicated truth of things.” 可知我们在努力增加故事的趣味性的时候,丢掉了它的真实性。选B 小题3:考查主旨大意。整篇文章主要介绍了James March 的一本叫做《前车可鉴?》的书。选A 点评:这篇文章比较抽象,关键在于正确理解,理解了文章主旨后,再关注细节,所有的问题迎刃而解。 |
举一反三
Several years ago I studied in a university in the biggest city in our country. It’s very beautiful, I could read lots of books there and I made lots of friends there. But it’s hot in 11 . So I usually returned to my hometown when my 12 began. It is not big, but it’s cool and quiet. I could 13 in the daytime and have a good sleep at night. One day I had some problems to solve. But I didn’t take the 14 home. My father told me Charlie, one of my 15 , had a good library. I went to his house at once. We didn’t see each other after I 16 my middle school. At first he didn’t 17 me. He looked me up and down. And then he called out, “Oh, dear! It’s you, Fred! I haven’t seen you for a long time!” Of course we were 18 to meet each other again and talked a lot about our schoolmates and 19 . We also talked about the interesting things at that time. Later on he showed me around his 20 . It wasn’t big but there were a lot of nice books in it. And the dictionaries I 21 were in it too. At last I said, “Can you 22 some dictionaries to me, please?” “I’m sorry I don’t lend any books to others,” said the young man. “Are you afraid I’ll 23 them?” “No, I’m not. I’m afraid you won’t 24 them to me. Look! All the books in my library are not 25 , but borrowed!”
小题1: | A.spring | B.summer | C.autumn | D.winter |
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小题2: | A.birthday | B.Saturday | C.Sunday | D.holiday |
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小题3: | A.study | B.play | C.rest | D.work |
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小题4: | A.books | B.notebooks | C.dictionaries | D.magazines |
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小题5: | A.brothers | B.sisters | C.neighbors | D.classmates |
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小题6: | A.finished | B.heard of | C.looked at | D.visited |
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小题7: | A.see | B.hear | C.recognize | D.call |
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小题8: | A.angry | B.happy | C.worried | D.sad |
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小题9: | A.doctors | B.teachers | C.workers | D.drivers |
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小题10: | A.factory | B.office | C.library | D.house |
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小题11: | A.needed | B.read | C.wrote | D.liked |
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小题13: | A.lose | B.sell | C.throw | D.read |
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小题14: | A.pay | B.return | C.send | D.give |
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小题15: | A.found | B.given | C.won | D.bought |
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Mr. Lang worked in a factory. As a driver, he was busy. Sometimes, he brought some materials to the factory, and most of the time, he had to carry the goods to the customers of the factory. It was not an easy job, but he was paid much. His wife was an able woman and did all the housework to give him a comfortable home for a rest after work. When he came back, she took good care of him and he never did anything at home. So he had enough time when he had a holiday. A few friends of his liked gambling(赌博) and he learned it soon. So he was interested in it and hardly forgot anything except gambling. He lost all his money and later he began to sell the television, watches and so on. His wife had told him not to do it for many times, but he didn’t listen to her. She had to tell the police. He and his friends were punished for it. And he was hardly sent away. After he came out of lockup(拘留所), he hated her very much and the woman had to leave him. It was New Year’s Day. Mr. Lang didn’t go to work. After the meal, he felt very lonely and wanted to gamble again. He called his friends and they came soon. But they were afraid the police would come. He told his five-year-old son to go to find out if there were the policemen outside. They waited for a long time and didn’t think the police would come and began to gamble. Suddenly opened the door and in came a few policemen. “I saw there weren’t any policemen outside, daddy,” said the boy, “so I went to the crossing and asked some to come.” 小题1:Mrs. Lang did all housework because _______. A.she couldn’t find any work | B.she thought her husband was tired | C.her husband spent all time in gambling | D.she wouldn’t stop her husband gambling | 小题2:_______, so he was put into lockup. A.Mr. Lang often gambled | B.Mr. Lang was late for work | C.Mr. Lang didn’t help his wife at home | D.Mr. Lang wasn’t polite to the police | 小题3:The woman had to leave Mr. Lang because _______. A.he didn’t love her any longer | B.he wouldn’t stop gambling | C.he had been put into lockup | D.he was hardly sent away by the factory | 小题4:It can be inferred from the passage that ______. A.the boy hoped his father to be put into lockup again | B.the boy thought his father needed some policemen | C.the boy hoped his father to stop gambling soon | D.the boy hoped his mother to come back | 小题5:What would be the best title for the passage?A.An able woman | B.A busy driver | C.The disadvantage of gambling | D.Son’s help |
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Mr. Harris used to work in Dover, but then he changed his work, and he and his wife moved to another town. They did not have many friends there at first, but they soon met a lot of interesting people, and after a few weeks, they often went to dinner or to parties at other people’s houses. Then Mrs. Harris said to her husband, “We’ve been to a lot of other people’s houses, and now we must invite them to our house, mustn’t we?” “Yes, certainly,” answered her husband, “A big party will be the easiest thing, won’t it? Then we can start to invite people to dinner in small numbers next month.” So Mrs. Harris said, “Yes, I’ll invite all our friends here to a big party on 5th December.” “How many people will you invite?” Mr. Harris asked, “Don’t invite too many.” Mrs. Harris was beginning to write the invitations when her husband saw that she was writing, “Party: 6:30 to 8:30 p.m.” “That isn’t very nice, is it?” he said. “You’re telling our guests that they must go at 8:30. Maybe it is impolite.” So Mrs. Harris just wrote “Party: 6:30 p.m.” A lot of guests came, and they all had a good time, so they did not go home at 8:30. In fact they were still there at mid-night when the door bell rang and a policeman arrived. He said, “You must stop making a noise, because someone has complained(抱怨).” Mr. Harris said he did not want to quarrel with the policeman, so everyone went home. They were sorry to have to go. When Mr. and Mrs. Harris were alone again, she said to him. “That was a surprise, wasn’t it? Who complained about the noise?” “I did,” Mr. Harris answered in a tired voice. 小题1:What made Mr. and Mrs. Harris hold a party at their house? A.It was easy to hold a big party at home. | B.They could ask people to dinner in small numbers. | C.They had gone to other people’s parties many times. | D.They liked making friends with others. | 小题2:How long would Mrs. Harris like the party to last? A.From the morning till night. | B.About fourteen hours. | C.About two hours. | D.Till midnight | 小题3:When did the party end that evening? A.About twelve o’clock. | B.When the policeman talked with Mr. Harris on the phone. | C.At about 8:30. | D.When someone telephoned the police station. | 小题4:Who telephoned the policeman?A.One of the guests. | B.One of the neighbors. | C.Mr. Harris. | D.Mrs. Harris. | 小题5:It can be inferred from the passage that ______.A.Mr. Harris was unfriendly to the guests | B.Mrs. Harris was very angry with his husband | C.the guests were very tired at the party | D.Mr. Harris didn’t want his friends to stay late at the party |
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There are lots of funny stories in my childhood .The first one that 16 my mind is the story of my first camera. It happened 20 years ago . Just when I was ready to go to school , my grandmother 17 me a new camera from the supermarket as a present . Even if my mother wasn’t too happy about what I had 18 , I asked my father if I could take my camera to my 19 so that I could take pictures with my classmates . He agreed and show me how it 20 . It was very easy. At school I showed it to all my 21 and we took a lot of pictures, 22 they were not too great . The photo with my friends was the worst as I didn’t took Tom’s head ; instead I 23 his sandwich . The boys were interested in my camera , 24 Daniel who said he had a 25 one with a flashlight . He explained to us that the flashlight helped to take pictures in the 26 but I accused(指责)him of being a liar . Like all boys we started fighting . 27 ,our teacher separated us .After explaining to him the reason of the fight , I 28 him not to take my camera away. When my parents knew what had happened , they weren’t glad . My mother punished me for being 29 . She took the camera in order to 30 further problems , telling me that for a boy like me the camera was not a good 31 to play with. To make her 32 about the fight , I took a picture with her and Dad with the film left . In a couple of days Dad 33 the films and brought the photos home , saying I wasn’t good at taking pictures at all . I got 34 and argued that we all learnt from our 35 .
小题1: | A.breaks into | B.drops into | C.turns into | D.comes into |
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小题2: | A.bought | B.promised | C.lent | D.left |
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小题3: | A.imagined | B.received | C.expected | D.collected |
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小题4: | A.home | B.yard | C.school | D.garage |
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小题5: | A.moved | B.started | C.changed | D.worked |
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小题6: | A.workers | B.classmates | C.teachers | D.students |
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小题8: | A.brought | B.made | C.divided | D.took |
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小题9: | A.except | B.besides | C.including | D.instead |
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小题10: | A.easier | B.newer | C.worse | D.better |
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小题11: | A.dark | B.shade | C.sun | D.water |
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小题12: | A.Suddenly | B.Finally | C.Unluckily | D.Surprisingly |
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小题13: | A.allowed | B.advised | C.begged | D.warned |
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小题14: | A.brave | B.proud | C.rude | D.weak |
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小题15: | A.avoid | B.solve | C.discuss | D.face |
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小题17: | A.talk | B.know | C.forget | D.worry |
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小题18: | A.developed | B.lost | C.produced | D.hid |
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小题19: | A.angry | B.upset | C.tired | D.bored |
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小题20: | A.stories | B.hobbies | C.mistakes | D.books |
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Dr. Martinez put on a false smile (假笑) as she entered Janet Eslin’s hospital room. She couldn’t let Janet see that she was worried. Yet she had been searching for the cause of Janet’s illness and hadn’t found a clue(线索). “How are you feeling today?” Dr. Martinez asked her patient. Janet replied that she felt about the same----terribly uncomfortable. The doctor tried to get Janet’s mind off her health by talking about Janet’s vacation at Lake Winnow. But Dr. Martinez couldn’t keep her own mind on the conversation. She kept wondering what could be wrong with her patient. Suddenly Janet’s words interrupted Dr. Martinez’s thoughts: “… the vacation was really perfect, except for the food. The last meal I ate was especially terrible.” Dr. Martinez quickly snapped back into the conversation, “Janet, when did you eat that meal?” Janet said that it had been the day before yesterday. “I think we’ve discovered your problem,” Dr. Martinez said as she left. Several hours later, Dr. Martinez was back with the answer. “Janet, the food you ate made you ill. You’re suffering from food poisoning. Now that we know what’s wrong, we can take care of your problem.” 小题1:What made Janet sick?A.an insect bite | B.bad food | C.bad water | D.cold weather | 小题2:What is the main idea of the story? A doctor discovers what made Janet sick. Dr. Martinez becomes ill. Janet goes on vacation. A doctor talks to Janet in the hospital. 小题3:Where did Janet go on her vacation? A. She took a trip to the city. B. She went camping in the mountains. C. She spent a week at the seashore. She took a trip to a lake. 小题4:What does the underlined word “interrupted” mean?A.talked about | B.told over again | C.broke in while someone was talking | D.never stopped listening to the other person |
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