It was your birthday, and you just opened your biggest gift — a smooth silver la
题型：不详难度：来源：
It was your birthday, and you just opened your biggest gift — a smooth silver laptop. You can’t wait to instant-message your friends with the news, but first you have to get rid of your old desktop computer. Do you just throw away the monitor and keyboard in the trash? Not anymore!
Three states, that is, California, Maine, and Maryland, recently passed laws prohibiting people from throwing away electronic waste, or e-waste, includes televisions, computers, and cell phones. Although they don’t make you sick when you use them, they do when they are destroyed, for they contain heavy metals that can be harmful to human bodies. For example, cell phone batteries contain a kind of chemical causing damage to kidneys and deserted computer monitors can damage brains. And flat TV screens may cause injury to the nervous system. Those metals can leak into the ground or give off pollutants when burned.
It is required that e-waste be placed at special sites rather than usual landfills. Several other states are considering similar laws and California is also pushing for a law banning the application of such dangerous substances.
Government officials are not the only people taking aim at e-waste; environmentalists are also urging people to recycle their outdated equipment.
“It is just a waste … to not recycle,” Patrick, an associate professor of occupational and environmental health at university of Iowa, told The Daily Iowan, “Allowing dangerous chemicals to leak into the environment for decades seems irresponsible.”
What Can You Do?
Reduce. Be a responsible shopper, and take care of your electronics so they will last longer.
Re-use. Donate or sell your old high-tech equipment.
Recycle. To find a responsible recycler, contact a local or state environmental group.
小题1:What’s the best title of this passage? | A．E-waste is being made good use of. | | B．E-waste, a big threat to us. | | C．E-waste is dangerous to us all the while. | | D．Goodbye, e-waste. |
小题2:Why is e-waste harmful and dangerous to human beings?| A．Because they can go off at times and threaten us. | | B．Because they can make people sick, as long as people use them. | | C．Because they contain poisonous chemical substances. | | D．Because they take too much space when placed in trashes. |
小题3:What can we know from Patrick’s words?| A．Waste can’t be recycled. | | B．Waste can be made use of by recycling | | C．We have to recycle e-waste to protect the environment. | | D．Protecting the environment is important. |
小题4:Which of the following is NOT given as a piece of advice to help with e-wastes?| A．Taking care of your electronics so they will last longer. | | B．Donating or selling your old high-tech equipment. | | C．Contacting a local or state environmental group. | | D．Asking fewer people to use electric products. |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:C
小题3:C
小题4:D |
解析
试题分析：本文主要讲述的是人们处理电子垃圾方面的具体的措施和建议。
小题1:B 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是人们处理电子垃圾的问题，而根据文章第二段Although they don’t make you sick when you use them, they do when they are destroyed, for they contain heavy metals that can be harmful to human bodies. For example, cell phone batteries contain a kind of chemical causing damage to kidneys and deserted computer monitors can damage brains. And flat TV screens may cause injury to the nervous system. Those metals can leak into the ground or give off pollutants when burned.很多的电子垃圾对人的身体都是有害的。故B正确。
小题2:C 细节题。根据文章第二段3,4行they do when they are destroyed, for they contain heavy metals that can be harmful to human bodies.可知这些电子垃圾里含有很多的有害的物质。故C正确。
小题3:C 推理题。根据文章第四段“It is just a waste … to not recycle,” Patrick, an associate professor of occupational and environmental health at university of Iowa, told The Daily Iowan,可知Patrick认为不回收利用就是浪费。说明他建议我们回收利用这些电子垃圾。故C正确。
小题4:D 细节题。根据文章最后3行Reduce. Be a responsible shopper, and take care of your electronics so they will last longer.
Re-use. Donate or sell your old high-tech equipment.
Recycle. To find a responsible recycler, contact a local or state environmental group.
可知ABC三项都是作者建议做的事情，只有D项不是文章的建议。
点评：本文主要讲述的是人们处理电子垃圾方面的具体的措施和建议。本文考查细节题为主，细节题可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息或是其变体。搜查信息在阅读中非常重要它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据、图表等细节信息。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。 |
举一反三
Have you ever suddenly felt that someone you know was in trouble ― and he was? Have you ever dreamed something that came true later? Maybe you have ESP.
ESP stands for Extra Sensory Perception. It may be called a sixth sense. It seems to let people know about events before they happen, or events that are happening some distance away.
Here is an example: A woman was doing washing. Suddenly she shouted, “My father is dead! I saw him sitting in the chair!” Just then, a telephone came. The woman’s father had died of a heart illness. He died sitting in a chair.
There are thousands of stories like this on record. Scientists are studying them to find out what is behind these strange mental messages. Here’s another example —— one of hundreds of dreams that have come true.
A man dreamed he was walking along a road when a horse and carriage came by. The driver said, “There’s room for one more.” The man felt the driver was Death, so he ran away. The next day the man was getting on a crowded bus. The bus driver said, “There’s room for one more”. Then the man saw the driver’s face was the same face he had seen in the dream. He wouldn’t get on the bus. As the bus drove off, it crashed and burst into fires. Everyone was killed!
Some people say stories like these are lies or coincidences. Others say that are ESP in true, from studies of ESP, we may some day learn more about the human mind.
小题1:ESP lets people know about _________.| A．their dream | B．events after they happen | | C．events before they happen | D．heart illness |
小题2:The example of the man shows the ability to _______.| A．avoid traffic accidents | | B．know the good and bad of a person | | C．know about the events happening some distance away | | D．sense a danger that will happen later on |
小题3:The best title of this passage is _________.| A．Sixth Sense | B．The Human Mind | | C．A Big Lie | D．A Terrible Dream |
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Have you ever tried to draw a straight line, only to find it turns out all wrong? Or, wanted to show 36 at a party but the song you’d practised so many times suddenly 37 more difficult?
I"ve had both these 38 .As a Senior 3 student, I have to 39 many exams. Each time I enter one thinking “I 40 fail this time.” , I get a low mark.
But don"t be surprised --- it"s not 41 we don"t try, or do enough preparation, or take it 42 . On the contrary, it is because we put ourselves under too much 43 . It is thinking ‘I must…’ that makes us taste the terrible flavor of 44 .
We often 45 to our friends, “Don"t be too hard 46 yourself!”. But when we 47 our own goals, we may not listen to our own advice.
In doing so, we are making our path to success increasingly difficult.
So why not 48 this crazy pursuit(追求) to get the best? Just face the problem 49 before you with a calm mind, enjoy the hard work and you will succeed.
In my opinion, 50 a calm state of mind is a skill for life. For people who want to succeed, 51 this is a very important lesson.
So 52 time when you"re trying to draw a straight line or 53 a performance, tell yourself, “If I can just do it better than last time, it"s a 54 . ”
Keep a calm state of mind, and you will be happy 55 you succeed or fail.
| 小题2: | | A．assumes | B．appears | C．listens | D．becomes |
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| 小题3: | | A．experiences | B．chances | C．times | D．reviews |
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| 小题4: | | A．finish | B．measure | C．take | D．join |
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| 小题5: | | A．shouldn"t | B．may | C．can"t | D．haven"t |
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| 小题6: | | A．why | B．since | C．when | D．because |
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| 小题7: | | A．necessarily | B．seriously | C．personally | D．sharply |
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| 小题8: | | A．care | B．power | C．pressure | D．attention |
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| 小题9: | | A．exams | B．difficulty | C．marks | D．failure |
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| 小题12: | | A．share | B．achieve | C．weigh | D．set |
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| 小题13: | | A．throw away | B．get away | C．take away | D．let away |
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| 小题14: | | A．waiting | B．sitting | C．lying | D．laying |
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| 小题15: | | A．staying | B．keeping | C．remaining | D．making |
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| 小题16: | | A．trying | B．realizing | C．using | D．training |
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| 小题18: | | A．put on | B．play on | C．give on | D．show on |
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| 小题19: | | A．success | B．task | C．lesson | D．trial |
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| 小题20: | | A．if | B．either | C．neither | D．whether |
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Dahlia was running around the house screaming and crying. “I hate her! I hate her! I will __36__ play with her again!” Finally, her steps slowed, __37__ she told her father what had happened. He listened attentively. __38__ she stopped, he asked, “Is there __39__ else?” Dahlia added more details and began __40__ bitterly again. Father was listening. When Dahlia __41__ talking, he said, “It must __42__ you to be made fun of like this by your best friend Tina.” Dahlia __43__ her father’s embrace（拥抱）and support as she cried __44__ more in his arms. Then as __45__ as the storm of tears began, she was finished. She got up and __46__ announced, “Daddy, did you know that tomorrow Tina and I are going together to the beach? We are __47__ a log house there with Adam and Tom, I will tell Tina before we go that I __48__ ruin her work again, and I’m sure she will be __49__ to me. ”
Why was this encounter (sudden meeting) so successful? How did Dahlia __50__ her sadness so completely and realize her responsibility in the matter __51__ her own?
There were three main parts in her father’s reaction that __52__ : (A) Attention (B) Respect (C) Trust. He gave his daughter __53__ attention and took her seriously as she __54__ her feelings. He respected her by not coming with words of wisdom, advice or help. He validated（证实）the feelings she __55__ . And he trusted her to do and say what she needed in order to lead herself toward resolution of her emotions.
| 小题1: | | A．hardly | B．seldom | C．ever | D．never |
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| 小题3: | | A．Before | B．When | C．While | D．Since |
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| 小题4: | | A．something | B．anything | C．everything | D．nothing |
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| 小题5: | | A．crying | B．running | C．talking | D．saying |
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| 小题6: | | A．kept | B．started | C．stopped | D．hated |
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| 小题7: | | A．hurt | B．ache | C．injure | D．wound |
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| 小题8: | | A．got | B．received | C．accepted | D．admitted |
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| 小题10: | | A．soon | B．quickly | C．suddenly | D．fast |
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| 小题11: | | A．surprisingly | B．angrily | C．sadly | D．cheerfully |
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| 小题12: | | A．building | B．buying | C．making | D．repairing |
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| 小题13: | | A．shouldn’t | B．won’t | C．daren’t | D．can’t |
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| 小题14: | | A．polite | B．cruel | C．rude | D．nice |
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| 小题15: | | A．get over | B．get away | C．get along | D．get through |
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| 小题17: | | A．did | B．followed | C．went | D．worked |
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| 小题18: | | A．full | B．incomplete | C．half | D．undivided |
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| 小题19: | | A．sent out | B．threw out | C．put out | D．poured out |
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| 小题20: | | A．expressed | B．showed | C．said | D．strengthened |
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The year is 2094. It has been announced that a comet （彗星）is heading towards the earth. Most of it will miss our planet, but two pieces will probably hit the southern half of the earth.
On 17 July, a piece of 4 kilometers wide comet enters the Earth’s atmosphere with a massive explosion（爆炸）. About half of the piece is destroyed, but the remaining part hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the speed of sound. The sea boils and a huge hole is made in the seabed. Huge waves are created and spread outwards form the hole. The wall of water, a kilometer high, rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometers an hour. Cities on the African coast are totally destroyed and millions of people are drowned（淹死）.
Before the waves reach South America, the second piece of the comet lands in Argentina. Earthquakes and volcanoes ash set off in the Andes Mountains. The shock waves move north into California and all around the Pacific Ocean. The cities of Los Angeles, San Francisco and Tokyo are completely destroyed by earthquakes. Millions of people in the southern half of the earth are already dead, but the north won’t escape for long. Because of the explosions, the sun is hidden by clouds of dust, temperatures around the world fall to almost zero. Crops are ruined. The sun won’t be seen again for many years. Wars break out as countries fight for food. A year later, no more than 10 million people remain alive.
Could it really happen? In fact, it has already happened more than once in the history of the earth. The dinosaurs were on the Earth for over 160 million years. Then 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared. Many scientists believe that the Earth was hit by a piece of object in space. The dinosaurs couldn’t live through the cold climate that followed and they died out. Will we meet the same end?
小题1:What is mainly described in the passage?| A．A historic discovery. | | B．An event in imagination. | | C．A research on space. | | D．A scientific adventure. |
小题2:When the first piece hits the South Atlantic, it causes________.| A．an earthquake | B．hunger | | C．an Earth explosion | D．huge waves |
小题3:Why can’t the northern half of the earth escape for long?| A．Because the land is covered with water. | | B．Because the light and heat form the sun cannot reach the earth. | | C．Because people there cannot live at the temperature of zero. | | D．Because wars break out among countries. |
小题4:By giving the example of dinosaurs, the author tries to prove_________.| A．animals could not live in the cold climate | | B．what happened 65 million years ago was an invented story | | C．the human beings will die out in 2094 | | D．the Earth could be hit by other objects in space |
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When we say older people shrink, we don’t mean they become tiny enough to fit in your pocket! We just mean that it’s common for older people to become a little shorter over time. This kind of shrinking can’t be reversed, although people can slow or stop this process. But why does shrinking happen at all?
Because of gravity (that force that keeps your feet on the ground) , cushions between the bones in the spine (脊骨), get compressed (压缩), which makes a person lose a little height and become shorter.
Another reason why some older people shrink is because of osteoporosis (骨质疏松). Osteoporosis occurs when bone is broken down and not enough new bone material is made. Over time, bone is said to be lost because it’s not being replaced. Bones become smaller and weaker and can easily break if someone with osteoporosis is injured.
Older people — especially women, who generally have smaller and lighter bones to begin with — are more likely to develop osteoporosis. As years go by, a person with osteoporosis can get small breaks in bones that are called compression fractures. These breaks cause collapse of the spine and over time the person with osteoporosis can become hunched over (驼背).
Did you know that every day you shrink a little, too? You aren’t as tall at the end of the day as you are at the beginning. That’s because as the day goes on, water in the disks of the spine gets compressed due to gravity, making you just a tiny bit shorter. Don’t worry, though. Once you get a good night’s rest, your body recovers, and the next morning, you’re standing tall again!
Smoking and drinking alcohol can make this problem worse. Want to do something right now to build strong bones? I believe what I say will help you.
小题1:Which of the following statements is true?| A．For shrinking, people can do nothing about it. | | B．If someone is injured, he will become shorter. | | C．Women have smaller and lighter bones than men. | | D．We aren’t as tall at the end of the day as we are at the beginning. |
小题2:What should we do if we don’t want to shrink faster?| A．We should try to reduce gravity. | | B．We should be careful not to be hurt by others. | | C．We should sleep as long as possible. | | D．We should keep away from smoking and drinking alcohol. |
小题3:What is the topic of the passage?| A．How can we stop shrinking? | | B．Why do we shrink? | | C．Some tips on how to keep tall. | | D．How to live a healthy life. |
小题4:About osteoporosis we know that _______.| A．gravity is one of the causes of osteoporosis | | B．once our bone is broken down, osteoporosis will occur | | C．women are more likely to develop osteoporosis | | D．if we develop osteoporosis, we are more likely to be shorter |
小题5:What will the author talk about in the paragraph to be followed?| A．Tell us how to grow taller. | | B．Tell us how to become healthier. | | C．Tell us how to avoid being shrinking. | | D．Tell us what to do to have strong bones. |
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