If you want to improve your child’s results at school, you could do a lot worse

If you want to improve your child’s results at school, you could do a lot worse

题型:不详难度:来源:
If you want to improve your child’s results at school, you could do a lot worse than ensuring that they do plenty of exercise. Scientists have already shown that physical activity can make you brainier. But a team in America has used scans to show that an important part of the brain actually grows in children who are fit. These youngsters tend to be more intelligent and have better memories than those who are inactive.
  Scientists also found that one of the most important parts of their brains was 12 percent larger than those of unfit children. They believe that encouraging children to take exercise from a very young age could help them do better at school later. Researchers from the University of Illinois, in the U.S., studied the brains of 49 children aged nine and ten using a magnetic resonance imaging scan (核磁共振摄影扫描), a technique which provides very detailed pictures of organs and tissues in the body.
  They also tested the fitness levels of the children by making them run on a treadmill (跑步机). The scientists found that the hippocampus, a part of the brain responsible for memory and learning, was around 12 percent larger in the fitter children.
  Professor Art Kramer, who led the study published in the journal Brain Research, said the findings had important implications for encouraging individuals to take part in sport from a young age. “We knew that experience and environmental factors and socioeconomic status all impact brain development,” he said. “If you get some terrible genes from your parents, you can’t really fix that, and it’s not easy to do something about your economic status. But here’s something that we can do something about.”
小题1: If you want to improve your children’s result in school, ____________.
A.it is worse to ensure that they do plenty of exercise
B.you can have their brain scanned
C.it could be better to make sure that they do a lot of exercise
D.you can do a lot except ensuring that they do exercise
小题2: According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?
A.The fitness level of the children is linked to their intelligence.
B.Children who have a larger hippocampus will probably have better memories.
C.You can do something about the genes from your parents.
D.Unhealthy children will probably have a smaller hippocampus than others.
小题3:All the following factors that have some influence on one’s brain are mentioned EXCEPT ____________.
A.genetic factorB.economic statusC.physical fitnessD.economic development

答案

小题1:C
小题1:C
小题1:D
解析

举一反三
The German shepherd runs off and noses around in the grass of Kenya’s Laikipia Plateau. “OK, Oakley,” the dog’s handler orders, “Find it!”
Oakley sniffs (嗅) until he comes to a bush, then stops, sits, and looks up at his handler. She bends to see what he has found: the waste of an endangered African wild dog. “Good dog!” she praises. The handler pulls a tennis ball from her pocket. Oakley jumps for his reward.
“He doesn’t actually want the waste,” says Aimee Hurt, a founding member of the U.S.-based group Working Dogs for Conservation. Hurt is in Kenya to train both Oakley and his handler. “He finds it so he can play with his ball. We’re the ones who want the waste.”
Detection dogs are sometimes taught to locate actual animals. Black-footed ferrets (雪貂) have been studied with their help. But more often the dogs learn to locate the waste of creatures such as bears, wolves and mountain lions.
What the dogs find provides scientists with data about a species. Scientists can use the DNA collected from animal waste to identify individuals, sex, and population sizes — all without ever seeing the animal itself. “It can take years to gather this kind of information if you have to trap animals,” Hurt explains.
Waste analysis might make a huge difference when wild species are accused of attacking domestic livestock (家畜). Hurt says, “A good detection dog will find the waste so we can see what the animal is actually eating.” This may help reduce problems between people and wildlife.
小题1: The underlined word “She” in Paragraph 2 refers to  “_____”.
A.the German shepherd
B.an African wild dog
C.Aimee Hurt
D.the handler
小题2: Oakley is interested in finding the waste because _____.
A.he wants to study endangered animals
B.he can get a tennis ball to play with
C.he wants to eat it
D.he wants to play with it
小题3:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A.Trapping animals is not difficult.
B.People are making efforts to protect the environment.
C.Detection dogs attack domestic livestock frequently.
D.Collecting animal waste is a good way to gather information.
小题4:What is the main idea of the passage?
A.Detection dogs can help scientists study wildlife.
B.Detection dogs can defend wildlife.
C.Detection dogs can help the police catch the criminals.
D.Detection dogs can help local people defend domestic livestock.

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阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
           A
Researchers who helped discover a new species of Mexican butterfly are offering to sell the naming rights to raise money to fund more research. Co-discoverer Andrew Warren is hoping to raise at least $50,000 by auctioning(拍卖) off the rights to name the 4-inch “owl eye” butterfly, which lives in Sonora, a Mexican state bordering Arizona.
“That would support at least two years of research for our team down in Mexico,” Warren said. “Money goes a long way down here in Mexico.”
According to the scientific tradition, discoverers of a new species have the say in naming it. In recent years, some discoverers have auctioned off their naming rights to raise money.
Warren said the amount being sought for the butterfly is not out of the question, noting that naming rights for a new monkey species brought in $650,000 two years ago. A group of 10 new fish species that went on the naming auction block at the same time earlier this year brought in a total of $2 million.
The butterfly discovered by Warren and researcher George Austin ranges as far north as Mexico.
The butterfly was actually in a collection, misidentified as an example of another new species, at the McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity at the Florida Museum of National History in Gainesville, said Warren. They soon began the hard process of determining that it was indeed a “new” model of butterfly.
After checking photos and comparing it with other known species, they determined it was a separate species.
小题1:Where did the researchers discover the new species of butterflies?
A.In Sonora.B.In Mexico state.
C.In a place in US.D.Near the US-Mexico border.
小题2: Why will the researchers sell the naming rights of the butterfly?
A.To raise money for wildlife protection.
B.To raise money for more research.
C.To cause people’s attention to the new discovery.
D.To cover the cost of the research.
小题3:When the butterfly was first discovered, people thought ______.
A.it was a new species at once
B.it wasn’t a species of American butterfly
C.it belonged to the monarch branches
D.it belonged to a new species
小题4: We can infer from the passage that ______.
A.the new species of butterfly live both in the US and Mexico
B.it took the researchers a lot of efforts to determine the new species of butterfly
C.the researchers are not sure whether they can get the money they want from the auction
D.it is the first time that the new species of butterfly has been found

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
Annie had just begun school. Her parents were tired of the methods they were using to correct her behavior, including scolding (训斥), and taking away privileges (特权). Annie still needed to be scolded for her bad behavior, but her parents felt the good things she did needed to be recognized. So, they began to spend more time recognizing the improvements (改进) in Annie’s behavior and the good things she did every day rather than like before when they only noticed her bad behavior. Within a few weeks Annie began to change her attitude and her behavior improved.
Praise is one of the most powerful tools parents can use to teach their children good skills and help them grow. Praise works well when it is given and when you remember to use it frequently. It is important to praise all good behavior. Look for the good things your child does. Praise will have a lot of effects on your child. Use the 4 to 1 rule. For every bad behavior you notice, find four good behaviors or reasons to praise. It is a good way to remember to look for good behavior.
Remember to praise the things your child has already done well, or improvements in his behavior and new skills. Show your agreement by smiling and touching his shoulder or back. Be sure to say what your child did well in detail. Tell your child how good behavior helps and that it is liked by others.
小题1:What was the result of recognizing Annie’s good behavior?
A.She started to correct her bad behavior.
B.She was tired of her parents’ scolding.
C.She was not scolded for her bad behavior.
D.She spent more time praising her good behavior.
小题2:When praising children’s good behavior, parents should do the following EXCEPT __________.
A.praising their children for what they did in detail
B.encouraging their children to go on doing good things
C.telling their children more about their bad behavior
D.praising their children in a good way with smiles
小题3:What can we learn from the passage?
A.Praising is a better way than scolding.
B.Annie was a middle school student.
C.Annie’s parents are education experts.
D.Parents should not often show agreement.
小题4:The best title for this passage would be ____________.
A.How to Praise a Good Child
B.A Good Method of Praising Children
C.Praise More and Scold Less
D.The Importance of Good Behavior

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Lichens (地衣) are difficult to see. They don’t move. They often mix into the living place. You might not even recognize one if you are looking right at it.
Lichens live on rocks, branches, houses, and even metal street signs. You can find these colorful organisms (微生物) almost everywhere — from deserts to rainforests, and from Antarctica to Africa. They’ve traveled in outer space, and some scientists think there might even be lichens on Mars.
What you probably don’t realize is that a lichen is more than a single thing. It includes two different types of living organisms: a fungus (菌类) and an alga (藻类). Neither of these organisms is a plant, so the lichen isn’t a plant either.
Through photosynthesis (光合作用), the alga gets the sun’s energy to make food for the fungus, which is the place for the alga to live in. However, the alga cannot leave the fungus.
Around the world, scientists have found tens of thousands of types of lichens. Many may not even have been discovered yet. As scientists continue to find new kinds of lichens, they are also working to understand how they are connected to one another. By putting together a lichen family tree, they hope to understand why so many different types of lichens have grown in so many places around the world.
Many researchers are trying to understand basic facts about the organisms and their connections. Researchers are also using lichens to examine the health of the environment.
小题1:What do we know about lichens according to the passage?
A.They will die if they leave Earth.
B.There are more lichens than plants on Earth.
C.They look similar to the environment around them.
D.They are too small to be easily seen by people.
小题2:What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?
A.The way lichens live.
B.The natural environment of lichens.
C.The way lichens work as organisms.
D.The family tree of lichens.
小题3:Which of the following statements is NOT the scientists’ purposes of studying lichens?
A.To understand basic facts about them.
B.To creat a lichen family tree.
C.To understand how lichens are related to each other.
D.To understand why lichens can live in different places.
小题4:We can know from the passage that __________.
A.lichens can be used to better understand the environment
B.lichens don’t have any differences in colors or sizes
C.lichens don’t use photosynthesis like a green plant
D.scientists have discovered every kind of lichen

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
In 1886 explorer Robert Peary traveled to Greenland for the U.S. Navy. Before his journey, no one knew Greenland’s size or shape. On Peary’s first trips, he explored Greenland, mapping parts of it.
When Peary returned to the United States, he went to a businessman to sell some furs. There he met Matthew Henson, an African American mechanic, builder and navigator. When Peary went to Nicaragua on a Navy mission(任务),Henson went with him. When that job was over, the two headed to the Arctic.
Henson and Peary set sail for Greenland. When they landed, Henson built a house for their base camp. Peary and his men set out to explore the land by dog sledge(雪橇). Henson was injured and had to stay at the base. While there, he made friends with the Inuit, the native people.
In 1895 Henson, Peary and Hugh Lee went out on another dog sledge journey. This time, they found Greenland’s northernmost point. They now knew that the North Pole lay under the frozen Arctic Ocean. Peary had hoped to cross the ice. but the group ran out of food and returned to base camp. In the years that followed, Peary and Henson tried several times to reach the North Pole, but each time they failed. On one trip, Peary’s feet froze, and he lost his toes(脚趾).
Peary and Henson planned last trip when Peary was 53 years old. They started across the sea ice from Ellesmere Island, which is located(位于) north of Canada. The temperature dropped as low as—51 degrees Celsius. The explores’ cheeks froze , and they suffered snow blindness from the sun’s glare. They experienced high winds and storms, and they also faced a hidden danger. Under the frozen ocean were powerful currents(潮流). The ice moved and broke apart leaving open water, called leads. Twice Peary fell into leads. But eventually he and Henson became the first persons to reach the North Pole.
小题1: What did Peary and Henson find in 1895?
A.Greenland is near the Artic Ocean.
B.Ellesmere Island is located north of Canada.
C.The North Pole is located in the Artic Ocean.
D.Greenland’s northernmost point is the North Pole.
小题2: Which of the following words can be used to describe Peary?
A.Determined.B.Modest.C.Generous.D.Honest.
小题3:What was the potential danger that Peary and Henson faced on their last trip?
A.Snow blindness.B.High winds.C.Storms.D.Leads.
小题4:The best title for the passage might be “____”.
A.The mapping of the Arctic Ocean.
B.Peary and Henson: Arctic explorers
C.Early explorers’ trips to the South Pole
D.Henson and Peary: discoverers of Greenland

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