阅读理解。 American society is not nap (午睡)-friendly. In fact, says David Dinges,

题型：河南省专项题难度：来源：

阅读理解。     American society is not nap (午睡)-friendly. In fact, says David Dinges, a sleep specialist
at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine,"There"s even a prohibition against admitting
we need sleep". Nobody wants to be caught napping or found asleep at work. To quote a
proverb:"Some sleep five hours, nature requires seven, laziness nine and wickedness eleven."
     Wrong. The way not to fall asleep at work is to take naps when you need them."We have to
totally changeour attitude toward napping,"says Dr. William Dement of Stanford University, the
godfather of sleep research.
     Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an"American sleep debt" which one
member said was as important as the national debt. The commission was concerned about the
dangers of sleepiness: people causing industrial accidents or falling asleep while driving. This may
be why we have a new sleep policy in the White House. According to recent reports, President
Clinton is trying to take a ha1f-hour snooze (瞌睡) every afternoon.
     About 60 percent of American adults nap when given the opportunity. We seem to have"a
mid afternoon quiet phase," also called "a secondary sleep gate." Sleeping 15 minutes to two
hours in the early afternoon can reduce stress and make us refreshed. Clearly, we were born
to nap.
     We Superstars of Snooze don"t nap to replace lost shut-eye or to prepare for a night shift.
Rather, we "snack" on sleep, whenever, wherever and at whatever time we feel like it. I myself
have napped in buses, cars, planes and on boats; on floors and beds; and in libraries, offices
and museums.l. It is commonly accepted in American society that too much sleep is ._____A. unreasonable
B. criminal
C. harmful
D. costly2. The research done by the Dement Commission shows that Americans ________.A. don"t like to take naps
B. are terribly worried about their national debt
C. sleep less than is good for them
D. have caused many industrial and traffic accidents3. The purpose of this article is to.______A. warn us of the wickedness of napping
B. explain the danger of sleepiness
C. discuss the side effects of napping
D. convince the reader of the necessity of napping4. The underlined phrase "American sleep debt" in Para. 3 is the result of ._____A. the traditional misconception the Americans have about sleep
B. the new sleep policy of the Clinton Administration
C. the rapid development of American industry
D. the Americans" worry about the danger of sleepiness5. The second sentence of the last paragraph tells us that it is .______A. preferable to have a sound sleep before a night shift
B. good practice to eat something light before we go to bed
C. essential to make up for cost sleep
D. natural to take a nap whenever we feel the need for it

答案

1-5 A C D A D

举一反三

阅读理解。     Psychologist George Spilich and colleagues at Washington College in Chestertown,
Maryland, decided to find out whether, as many smokers say, smoking helps them to"think
and concentrate." Spilich put young non-smokers, active smokers and smokers deprived
(被剥夺) of cigarettes through a series of tests.
In the first test, each subject (试验对象) sat before a computer screen and pressed a key
as soon as he or she recognized a target letter among a grouping of 96. In this simple test,
smokers, deprived smokers and non-smokers performed equally well.
     The next test was more complex, requiring all to scan sequences of 20 identical letters
and respond the instant one of the letters transformed into a different one. Non-smokers
were faster, but under the stimulation of nicotine, active smokers were faster than deprived
smokers.
     In the third test of short-term memory, non-smokers made the fewest errors, but deprived
smokers committed fewer errors than active smokers.
     The fourth test required people to read a passage, then answer questions about it.
Non-smokers remembered l9 percent more of the most important information than active
smokers, and deprived smokers bested those who had smoked a cigarette just before
testing- Active smokers tended not only to have poorer memories but also had trouble
separating important information from insignificant details.
     "As our tests became more complex." sums up Spilich," non-smokers performed better
than smokers by wider and wider margins". He predicts, "smokers might perform adequately
at many jobs- until they got complicated. A smoking airline pilot could fly adequately if no
problems arose, but if something went wrong, smoking might damage his mental capacity."l. The purpose of George Spilich"s experiments is ._____A. to test whether smoking has a positive effect on the mental capacity of smokers
B. to show how smoking damages people"s mental capacity
C. to prove that smoking affects people"s regular performance
D. to find out whether smoking helps people"s short-term memory2. George Spilich"s experiment was conducted in such a way as to ._____A. compel the subjects to separate major information from minor details
B. put the subjects through increasingly complex tests
C. check the effectiveness of nicotine on smokers
D. register the prompt responses of the subjects3. The underlined word "bested" in Para. 5most probably means_____A. beat
B. envied
C. caught up with
D. made the best of4. Which of the following statements is true?_____A. Active smokers in general performed better than deprived smokers.
B. Active smokers responded more quickly than the other subjects.
C. Non-smokers were not better than other subjects in performing simple tasks.
D. Deprived smokers gave the slowest responses to the various tasks.5. We can infer from the last paragraph that ._____A. smokers should not expect to become airline pilots
B. smoking in emergency cases causes mental illness
C. no airline pilots smoke during flights
D. smokers may prove unequal to handing emergency cases

题型：河南省专项题难度：| 查看答案

阅读理解。     Our spiritual intelligence quotient(精神智商),or SQ, helps us understand ourselves, and
live fuller, happier lives.
     Though we"re all born with SQ, most of us don"t even realize that we have it. Fortunately,
you don"t have to sign up for classes to learn how to improve your SQ. Here are some simple
steps that can lead you to this new level of understanding.
     Sit Quietly. The process of developing spiritual intelligence begins with solitude(独处)and
silence. To tune in to your spirit, you have to turn down the volume(强度)in your busy, noisy,
complicated life and force yourself to do nothing at all. Start small by creating islands for
silence in your day. In the car, instead of listening to the music, use the time to think. At work,
shut the door to your office between meetings, take a few breaths and let them out very, very
slowly. Enjoy the stillness in your home after the kids are finally in bed.
Step Outside. For many people, nature sets their spirit free. Go outside to watch a beautiful
sunset. If you are walking with the dog, take the time to admire flowers in bloom; follow the
flight of a bird and watch clouds float overhead.
     Ask Questions of Yourself. Ask open-ended questions, such as "What am I Feeling? What
are my choices? Where am I heading?"
     But don"t expect an answer to arrive through some supernatural forms of e-mail. "Rarely do
I get an immediate answer to my question," says Reverend Joan Carter, a Presbyterian minister
in Sausalito, California. "But later that day I suddenly find myself thinking about a problem in a
perspective(角度) I never considered before."
     Trust Your Spirit. While most of us rely on gut(本能的)feeling to realize danger, spiritual
intelligence pushes us, not away from, but towards some action that will lead to a greater good. 1. The passage is mainly about______.A. what your SQ is and in what way it can benefit our life
B. what your SQ is and in what way it can be improved
C. the relationship between your SQ and your life
D. advantages and disadvantages of SQ2. The underlined phrase "to tune in to your spirit" in the third paragraph probably
means to_________A. get your spirit relaxed
B. keep up your spirit
C. keep seated quietly
D. change your spirit3. From the passage, we can know that the most important thing to improve your SQ is______A. a peaceful mind
B. deep thought
C. spare time and hobbies
D. good spirits 4. According to the passage, which of the following is True?_____A. Not everyone has SQ.
B. You have to go to classes to learn how to improve your SQ.
C. SQ leads us to take wrong actions.
D. SQ can benefit our life.

题型：北京期中题难度：| 查看答案

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项.

     Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that will help you to become a better student in
several ways. ___1__Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are
studying for a test. Third, note-taking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold
your interest.
     You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook
or doing research for a report.___2___ Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind
that note-taking is a selective process. __3__
     The following methods may work best for you.
     ·Read the text quickly to find the main facts and ideas in it.
     ·Carefully read the text and watch for words that can show main points and supporting facts.
     ·Write your notes in your own words.
     ·__4__
     ·Note any questions or ideas you may have about what was said or written.
     As you take notes, you may want to use your own shorthand(速记). When you do, be sure
that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time. __5_
A. Use words, not complete sentences.
B. There are three practical note-taking methods.
C. You must write your notes on separate paper.
D. Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes later.
E. You will also want to develop your own method for taking notes.
F. That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes.
G. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it.

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语法填空
仔细阅读下面短文,短文中有10个空格.请按照语境以及括号里所给的词完成短文.     If you have decided to study abroad, you might be looking for effective ways to prepare your language skills before you depart. Some students attend ESL (English as a Second Language) classes while others
practice with 1__________conversational partner. However, for those in situations 2__________ these
two options are not available, studying ESL online might be the next alternative.
     During the past decade, many websites have appeared on the Internet, providing ESL activities
3___________(help) people practice the major language skills like grammar, reading,  4________
vocabulary. Perhaps the 5__________ (great) interests for students are websites that focus on listening
and speaking skills. Since high-speed connections appeared, things 6 _________ (change) greatly.
7_________ you want to find a site that is suitable for you, you should look among those that combine
good contents with a user-friendly interface and style.
     Finally, no matter which site you end up 8_________(visit), you should set some goals 9 ________
your study.  10_________ might include the number of vocabulary you want to learn, specific grammar
structures you want to review, and even how many minutes you want to read aloud from a newspaper in
English.

题型：广东省期中题难度：| 查看答案

阅读理解     Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness
called food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly. The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food. Fever is one of the most common
symptoms.
    Certain microorganisms(微生物)cause most types of food poisoning. Bacteria and other
microorganisms can poison eggs ,meat, vegetables, and many other foods. After entering the body, these
tiny living things release(释放) poisons that make people sick.
    Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown,
processed or prepared. For example, many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects.
Some people may have a bad reaction to those chemicals when they eat the crops.
    Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people. These include certain kinds of seafood, grains, nuts, seeds, beans, and mushrooms.
    When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small. Microorganisms multiply
rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures. This means that people should never touch food with
dirty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces. Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms. People
should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating it. Finally, people should not eat wild
mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild. Some of these foods may contain natural materials that
are poisonous to humans. In addition, some types of fish can be poisonous.
    Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of resting and drinking extra water. If
people eat natural poisons, they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied.1. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Food when poisoned can make people sick.
B. Food poisoning means death.
C. Food poisoning comes in varieties.
D. Food poisoning can be serious.2. We know from the passage that the symptoms of food poisoning__________.           .A. are always accompanied by a fever
B. are too common to be noted
C. can be noticed within hours
D. can be ignored3. Food poisoning can be caused by all the following EXCEPT_______________.A. some chemicals
B. low temperatures
C. some tiny living things
D. certain natural materials4. From Paragraph 5, we can learn that ______________.A. mushrooms should not be eaten
B. vegetables are safer than meat and seafood
C. natural poisons are more dangerous than chemicals
D. different types of food should be handled differently5. It can be inferred from the passage that ______________.    A. natural materials are safe in food processing
B. chemicals are needed in food processing
C. food poisoning can be kept under control
D. food poisoning is out of control

题型：广东省期中题难度：| 查看答案