Sneaker is a kind of shoe worn by many people all over the world. Some say that
题型：不详难度：来源：
Sneaker is a kind of shoe worn by many people all over the world. Some say that the word “sneaker” is another word for tennis shoe, 36 no one really knows where the word came from. 37 say it came from the old English verb “sneak”, which 38 moving silently and quickly. The only thing we are 39 is that when you put on a pair of sneakers, you 40 light-hearted, light-footed and ready to play.
Sneakers of some kind are used by 41 who play tennis, basketball, and other sports. New design has been made 42 for people who run slowly. But perhaps sneakers are 43 used by children in the United States. In fact American children of 44 ages would much rather play in sneakers than anything else, except perhaps 45 at all.
New York City once held a poetry contest (诗歌比赛) for children. The subject was only “sneaker”. Thousands of children sent in their 46 and praised the sneakers they love. One prize winner called 47 poem “The Sneaker and the World Peace”. “When everyone is wearing sneakers,” she said, “it will be impossible to 48 .”
American school children can be seen every day 49 sneakers of all colours. They put them on in the morning and take them off 50 . Sneakers are 51 washed. In fact the older and dirtier they are, the 52 loveable they are. When their sneakers wear out (穿破), children hate to throw them off. How do you explain the closeness between 53 ? Perhaps another young 54 in the New York Poetry Contest said it best. “A shoe is just a shoe,” he said. “But a sneaker is a 55 .”
| 小题2: | | A．All | B．Some | C．People | D．The others |
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| 小题3: | | A．appears | B．remains | C．means | D．wants |
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| 小题4: | | A．excited about | B．sure of | C．surprised at | D．pleased with |
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| 小题5: | | A．think | B．feel | C．consider | D．suggest |
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| 小题6: | | A．men | B．women | C．those | D．these |
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| 小题7: | | A．lovely | B．specially | C．lively | D．cheaply |
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| 小题8: | | A．only | B．greatly | C．hardly | D．finally |
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| 小题10: | | A．some shoes | B．no shoes | C．no children | D．some sneakers |
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| 小题11: | | A．photos | B．compositions | C．poems | D．drawings |
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| 小题13: | | A．explain | B．guide | C．hate | D．love |
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| 小题14: | | A．dressing | B．wearing | C．putting on | D．having |
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| 小题15: | | A．the next day | B．at noon | C．at bedtime | D．in the evening |
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| 小题16: | | A．forever | B．always | C．seldom | D．sometimes |
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| 小题18: | | A．sneakers and other shoes | B．boys and girls | | C．children and sneakers | D．winners and sneakers |
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| 小题19: | | A．girl | B．man | C．woman | D．winner |
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| 小题20: | | A．sneaker | B．friend | C．poem | D．shoe |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:B
小题3:C
小题4:B
小题5:B
小题6:C
小题7:B
小题8:B
小题9:A
小题10:B
小题11:C
小题12:A
小题13:C
小题14:B
小题15:C
小题16:C
小题17:D
小题18:C
小题19:D
小题20:B |
解析
试题分析：本文介绍了运动鞋很受孩子们的欢迎，文章中对此现象进行了解释和说明。
小题1:B 连词辨析。有人说sneaker是网球鞋另外一种说法，但是没有人知道这个词的来源。
小题2:B 名词辨析。A所有人B一些人C人们D其他人；一些人说它来自古英语动词“sneak”。
小题3:C 动词辨析。A出现B保持C意味着D想要；这个词意味着安静地迅速地移动。
小题4:B 形容词短语。A对…兴奋B确信C感到惊讶D对…高兴；我们敢确信的事情是我们穿…
小题5:B 动词辨析。A认为B感觉C考虑D建议；你会感觉到轻松，愿意参加活动。
小题6:C 名词辨析。A男性B女性C那些人D这些人；运动鞋受打网球，篮球和其它运动人喜欢。
小题7:B 副词辨析。A可爱B特别C生动D便宜；一些新的设计是特别为那些动作慢的人设计的。
小题8:B 副词辨析。A仅仅B主要C几乎不D最后；有点像主要是受美国的孩子们的欢迎。
小题9:A 词义辨析。A所有B一些C少D老，旧；美国所有年龄段的孩子都喜欢穿运动鞋。
小题10:B 句意分析。除了不穿鞋，所有的孩子都喜欢穿着运动鞋参加活动。
小题11:C 上下文串联。根据a poetry contest说明是在诗歌里赞扬运动鞋。
小题12:A 上下文串联。根据下一行的she said说明这是一个女性，故使用her。
小题13:C 动词辨析。A解释B指导C憎恨D爱；当你穿上运动鞋的时候，你就没有了恨。
小题14:C 动词辨析。Dress后面只能接人做宾语；put on表示动作；have on表示状态。故wear正确；指美国的孩子每天都被看见穿着各种颜色的运动鞋。
小题15:C 上下文串联。根据上文的in the morning说明这里是at bedtime从早到晚。
小题16:C 副词辨析。A永远B一直C很少D有时；根据下文dirtier说明运动鞋很少被洗。
小题17:D 固定句式。The+比较级…，the+比较级.越…越…；运动鞋越脏，越受到喜爱。
小题18:C 上下文串联。根据上文的描述说明孩子很喜欢运动鞋，那么是说明这两者的关系。
小题19:D 名词辨析。A女孩B男人C女性D胜利者；D项把ABC三项都包括在里面了。指另外一个比赛的胜利者发表了对运动鞋的评价。
小题20:B 名词辨析。A运动鞋B朋友C诗歌D鞋子；鞋子就是鞋子，但是运动鞋是朋友。
点评：本文介绍了运动鞋很受孩子欢迎的现象。本文要求考生具有扎实的英语词组、短语、习惯用法等英语搭配的知识，这对于理解文章的逻辑关系特别有利。文章的逻辑关系不外乎列举、原因、结果、让步、对照、补充、目的、条件等关系。解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。但由于我们在做题时不可能总是重复地阅读文章，因此，在做完形填空时要培养一种捕捉并记忆相关信息的能力。 |
举一反三
My grandmother seems to be wrong when she says that good manners will never go out of style.
Several days ago, I tried entering a lift with one of my arms fixed in a bandage(绷带) while carrying a computer bag in the other. Not being fast enough, I was passed by two young people who managed to get into the lift before me. The lift door closed only after I entered. Having already pressed their wanted floor button, the young people waited impatiently for me to press the button for where I was going. If they had decided to help, we could have moved much faster. But they had not. So I did my best and pressed the button with my arm. The two young people looked very angry with me. I was losing heart.
The memory of this incident has stayed with me because it followed shortly after my building’s watchman refused to help me carry a heavy box full of books. His answer was that he could not carry the books a few meters because it was not his job. However, I remembered myself helping people for so many years carrying boxes, shopping bags, or pushing wheelchairs upon the request of a stranger in need or when my conscience(良心) called on me. "Oh, this young generation, they have no manners, ”my grandmother would say. The idea of good manners refers to the considering of other people’s feelings. We need more and more people to have good manners. Good manners should be-come part of our lives.
小题1:The author believes that ________.| A．good manners will never go out of style | | B．her grandmother is right | | C．good manners are disappearing little by little | | D．it never rains, but it pours |
小题2:How did the two young people feel when the author pressed the button?| A．Excited. | B．Angry. | C．Sad. | D．Confident. |
小题3:The watchman didn’t help the author because ______.| A．the box was full of books | | B．the box was too heavy | | C．the author was a stranger | | D．he thought it was not his job |
小题4:We can infer from the passage that the author ______.| A．always offers help to people in need | | B．always has difficulty carrying things | | C．has a better memory than anyone else | | D．agreed with her grandmother at first |
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We all know what it is like to be unable to turn your head because of a cold in the muscles of your neck, or because an unexpected twist has made your neck ache. The slightest move makes you jump with pain. Nothing could be worse than a pain in the neck.
That is why we use the phrase to describe some people who give you the same feeling. We have all met such people.
One is the man who always seems to be clapping his hands—often at the wrong time—during a performance in the theater. He keeps you from hearing the actors.
Even worse are those who can never arrive before the curtain goes up and the play begins. They come hurrying down to your row of seats. You are comfortably settled down, with your hat and heavy coat in your lap. You must stand up to let them pass. You are proud of yourself-control after they have settled into their seats…Well, what now…God, one of them is up again. He forgot to go to the men’s room, and once more you have to stand up, hanging on to your hat and coat to let him pass. Now, that is “a pain in the neck”.
Another, well—known to us all, is the person sitting behind you in the movies. His mouth is full of popcorn ; he is chewing loudly, or talking between bites to friends next to him. None of them remain still. Up and down, back and forth, they go—for another bag of popcorn, or something to drink.
Then, there is the man sitting next to you at lunch, smoking. He wants you to enjoy it too, and blows smoke across your food into your mouth.
We must not forget the man who comes into a bus or subway and sits down next to you, just as close as you will let him. You are reading the newspaper and he gets closer so that he can read the paper with you. He may even turn the paper to the next page before you are ready for it.
We also call such a person a “rubber neck”, always getting close to where it does not belong, like neighbors who watch all your visitors. They enjoy learning about your personal business. People have a strong dislike for “rubber necks”. They hate being watched secretly.
小题1:Where can you find this passage?| A．In a medicine dictionary. | B． in a kids’ story book. | | C．In a social science book. | D．In a science textbook. |
小题2:According to the passage, how do you feel when late comers walk back and forth in front of you in a cinema?| A．disturbed. | B．bored. | C．ignored. | D．relaxed. |
小题3:A “rubber neck” often __________________ .| A．says bad words behind people. | | B．quarrels face to face with neighbors. | | C．bargains with salespeople over the price | | D．asks about other people’s business |
小题4:Which of the following persons CANNOT be described as a “pain in the neck”?| A．Someone who often claps at the wrong time during a performance. | | B．Someone who feels ache in his neck due to a cold in the muscles. | | C．Someone who sits next to you smoking, which you never enjoy. | | D．Someone who keeps eating or talking all through the movies. |
小题5:What is the main purpose of the author? | A．To tell people what might be bad manners in public. | | B．To criticize (批评) the people who might be a “pain in the neck” | | C．To show anger to those who are described as a “pain in the neck”. | | D．To tell people how to stop the pain in the neck. |
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Deception (骗术）is something that people do all the time ,and it plays an important role in military (军事的)strategy. Now some researchers are trying to figure out how to get robots to do it, by looking at the behavior of squirrels and birds.
At Georgia Tech, a team led by Ronald Arkin , a professor at the School of interactive Computing, studied the literature on squirrels hiding their acorns (橡果）.Squirrels will hide their food m a certain place, but when they see other squirrels trying to steal from them, they attempt to fool the thieves by running to a fake location.
Ronald Arkin and his Ph. D. student Jaeeun Shim used that as a model for robot behavior. They programmed the robot into tricking a “predator (捕食者）” machine by doing what εi squirrel does： showing the enemy a false location for an important resource.
The team also looked at how other animals in this case，a species of bird called Arabian babbler~ drive off predators. A babbler will make an alarm call when they see a predator and other babblers will join the bird and make more calls. They then surround the predator, all the while flapping (拍打）wings and making noises. The babblers don’t ever actually fight the animal they want to drive off； they just make enough noises and flaps around enough so that it seems that attacking a babbler isn’t worth it
They found that the deception works when the group reaches a certain size—essentially, when enough birds arrive to convince the enemy that it’s best to back off . Davis modeled that behavior in software using a military scene and found that it worked even if the group didn’t have the firepower to confront the enemy directly.
The military is interested in this because a robot that can fool an opponent is a valuable tool. It could lead an enemy down a fake trail or make itself look more dangerous than it actually is.
小题1:Why does the military want to take advantage of squirrels’trick?| A．It can reduce the use of firepower to confront the enemy. | | B．It can fool the enemy into believing it is more dangerous. | | C．It can lead the enemy in a wrong direction to avoid losing resources. | | D．It can scare the enemy away who wants to destroy the acorns. |
小题2:Which of the following is NOT the way Arabian babblers drive off predators?| A．One bird makes an alarm call and other birds will join it | | B．They fight the enemy bravely face to face. | | C．They make noises and flaps around the predator. | | D．They force the predator aware that it isn"t worthwhile to attack. |
小题3:What is the main idea of the passage?| A．Animals" behaviors are researched to be applied to the study of military robots. | | B．Robots, fooling tricks are applied to the study of animals’behaviors. | | C．Birds and squirrels are the animals that are good at deception. | | D．Researchers are interested m animals’military-related behaviors. |
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Beware of those who use the truth to deceive. When someone tells you something that is 36 , but leaves out important information that should be 37 , he can create a false impression.
For example, someone might say, “I just 38 a hundred dollars on the lottery. It was great. I took that dollar ticket back to the store and 39 it in for one hundred dollars!”
This guy’s a winner, 40 ? Maybe, maybe not. We then discover that he bought two hundred 41 , and only one was a winner. He’s really a big 42 !
He didn’t say anything that was 43 , but he deliberately left out some important 44 . That’s called a half-truth. Half-truths are not technically 45 , but they are just as not 46 .
Untrustworthy candidates in 47 campaigns often use this tactic（策略，手段）. Let’s say that during Governor Smith’s last term, her state lost one million jobs and 48 three million jobs. Then she 49 another term. One of her opponents runs an ad 50 , “During Governor Smith’s term, the state lost one million jobs!” That’s true. 51 , an honest statement would have been, “During Governor Smith’s term, the state had a net gain of 52 million jobs.”
Advertisers will sometimes use half-truths. It’s 53 the law to make false claims so they try to mislead you with the 54 . An ad might boast, “Nine out of ten doctors recommend Yucky Pills to cure nose pimples.” It 55 to mention that they only asked ten doctors and nine of them work for the Yucky Corporation.
This kind of deception happens too often. It’s a sad fact of life: Lies are lies, and sometimes the truth can lie as well.
| 小题1: | | A．false | B．true | C．interesting | D．boring |
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| 小题2: | | A．included | B．contained | C．involved | D．referred |
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| 小题3: | | A．lost | B．found | C．donated | D．won |
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| 小题4: | | A．changed | B．took | C．turned | D．made |
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| 小题5: | | A．right | B．well | C．really | D．though |
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| 小题6: | | A．books | B．papers | C．tickets | D．balls |
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| 小题7: | | A．winner | B．loser | C．fighter | D．thinker |
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| 小题8: | | A．true | B．real | C．doubtful | D．false |
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| 小题9: | | A．details | B．information | C．mistakes | D．errors |
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| 小题10: | | A．stories | B．truth | C．facts | D．lies |
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| 小题11: | | A．pleasant | B．exciting | C．honest | D．clever |
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| 小题12: | | A．political | B．commercial | C．personal | D．public |
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| 小题13: | | A．stopped | B．found | C．avoided | D．gained |
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| 小题14: | | A．seeks | B．gets | C．achieves | D．searches |
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| 小题15: | | A．writing | B．reading | C．saying | D．speaking |
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| 小题16: | | A．Otherwise | B．However | C．In fact | D．This way |
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| 小题19: | | A．words | B．facts | C．data | D．truth |
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| 小题20: | | A．fails | B．tries | C．manages | D．plans |
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Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks 1 than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more 2 than we realize. In fact, non-verbal communication (非言语交际) makes up about 50% of what we really 3 . And body language is particularly 4 when we attempt to communicate across cultures (文化). Indeed, what is called body language is so 5 a part of us that it’s actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. 6 , different societies treat the 7 between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having 8 contact (接触) even with friends, certainly not with 9 .
People from Latin American countries, 10 , touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it’s possible that in 11 , it may look like a Latino is 12 a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving 13 . The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep 14 -which the Latino will in return regard as 15 _ .
Clearly, a great deal is going on when people 16 . And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from 17 cultures, there’s a strong possibility of 18 . But whatever the situation, the best 19 is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be 20 _.
| 小题1: | | A．straighter | B．louder | C．harder | D．further |
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| 小题2: | | A．sounds | B．invitations | C．feelings | D．messages |
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| 小题3: | | A．hope | B．receive | C．discover | D．mean |
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| 小题4: | | A．immediate | B．misleading | C．important | D．difficult |
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| 小题6: | | A．For example | B．Thus | C．However | D．In short |
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| 小题7: | | A．trade | B．distance | C．connections | D．greetings |
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| 小题8: | | A．eye | B．verbal | C．bodily | D．telephone |
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| 小题9: | | A．strangers | B．relatives | C．neighbours | D．enemies |
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| 小题10: | | A．in other words | B．on the other hand | | C．in a similar way | D．by all means |
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| 小题11: | | A．trouble | B．conversation | C．silence | D．experiment |
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| 小题12: | | A．disturbing | B．helping | C．guiding | D．following |
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| 小题13: | | A．closer | B．faster | C．in | D．away |
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| 小题14: | | A．stepping forward | B．going on | C．backing away | D．coming out |
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| 小题15: | | A．weakness | B．carelessness | C．friendliness | D．coldness |
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| 小题16: | | A．talk | B．travel | C．laugh | D．think |
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| 小题17: | | A．different | B．European | C．Latino | D．rich |
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| 小题18: | | A．curiosity | B．excitement | C．misunderstanding | D．nervousness |
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| 小题19: | | A．chance | B．time | C．result | D．advice |
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| 小题20: | | A．noticed | B．treated | C．respected | D．pleased |
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