阅读理解。 The Gullah people in the southern US have honored their culture for mo
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| 阅读理解。 |
The Gullah people in the southern US have honored their culture for more than 100 years. Living
mainly on the Sea Islands and coastal areas of South Carolina, Georgia and Floride, the Gullah people,
an African-American group, have a rich culture including their own language. It is a Creole language
created by slaves who came to the US from the West Africa in the 1800s. It combines West African
languages with English.
For many years efforts have been made to save the Gullah language. One project began in 1979.
Its goal was to translate the New Testament part of the Bible into Gullah. Experts say that it was a
difficult process because Gullah is not a written language. It is a spoken language only.
A team of Gullah speakers began working on the translation to make the Bible easier to understand
for those who spoke Gullah as their main language. The Gullah version is called De Nyew Testament.
It is written in English on one side of the page, and next to it, there is a Gullah translation. De Nyew
Testament was published by the American Bible Society. The project also received help from the
Summer Institute of Linguistics, Wycliffe Bible Translators, the United Bible Societies and the Penn
Centre
Experts believe that the translated Bible is a major step towards saving the Gullah language and
traditions. "This is more than a Bible translation," says Robert Hodgson, at the American Bible Society.
"De Nyew Testament raises the Gullah language and culture to a new level." Ardell Greene is a member
of the translation team. She calls the book "a treasure". She says that the Gullah version of the Bible will
be read in churches and will help young people keep the Gullah language alive. |
| 1. According to the passage, De Nyew Testament can be best seen as _______. |
A. a good version of the Bible
B. something difficult to understand
C. a spoken form of the Gullah language
D. the effort to save the Gullah language |
| 2. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? |
A. Gullah communities can be found in the southern US.
B. Gullah is influenced by both English and West African languages.
C. De Nyew Testament is a complete Bible translation.
D. Ardell Greene thinks highly of De Nyew Testament. |
| 3. What does this passage mainly focus on? |
A. Efforts to save the Gullah language.
B. Different versions of the Bible.
C. The history of the Gullah people.
D. The culture of the Gullah people. |
答案
| 1-3: DCA |
举一反三
| 阅读理解。 |
Beijing opera or Peking opera (Pinyin: J?ngj?) is a form of Chinese opera which arose in the late
18th century and became fully developed and recognized by the mid-19th century. The form was
extremely popular in the Qing Dynasty court and has come to be regarded as one of the cultural
treasures of China. Major performance troupes (剧团,戏班子) are based in Beijing and Tianjin in
the north,and Shanghai in the south. The art form is also enjoyed in Taiwan,and has spread to other
countries such as the United States and Japan.
Beijing opera features four main types of performers. Performing troupes often have several of
each variety,as well as numerous secondary and tertiary performers. With their elaborate (认真的,
精心的) and colorful costumes,performers are the only focal points on Beijing opera"s characteristically
small stage. They make use of the skills of speech,song,dance,and combat in movements that are
symbolic and suggestive,rather than realistic. Above all else,the skill of performers is evaluated
according to the beauty of their movements. Performers also hold a variety of stylistic conventions
that help audiences navigate the plot of the production. The layers of meaning within each movement
must be expressed in time with music. The music of Beijing opera can be divided into the Xipi and
Erhuang styles. Melodies include arias (唱腔),fixed-tune melodies,and percussion patterns. The
repertoire of Beijing opera includes over 1,400 works,which are based on Chinese history,folklore,
and,increasingly,contemporary life.
In recent years,Beijing opera has attempted numerous reforms in response to sagging audience
numbers. These reforms,which include improving performance quality,adapting new performance
elements,and performing new and original plays,have met with mixed success. Some Western works
have been adopted as new plays,but a lack of funding and an adverse political climate have left Beijing
opera"s fate uncertain as the form enters the 21st century. |
| 1. How long has Beijing Opera become a popular art form? |
A. About one and a half centuries.
B. More than two centuries.
C. More than one century.
D. About half a century. |
| 2. How many art forms of Beijing Opera at present? |
A. Two including Beijing and Tianjin,and Shanghai in the south.
B. Two including Beijing and Tianjin in the north.
C. Three including Beijing and Tianjin,and Shanghai in the south and Taiwan.
D. Five including Beijing and Tianjin,and Shanghai in the south,Taiwan,US and Japan. |
| 3. What are the features of the performers" movements of Beijing Opera? |
A. Elaborate.
B. Colourful.
C. Realistic.
D. Representative. |
| 4. Which of the followings is NOT true according to the passage? |
A. Performers can take different stylistic traditions in the plays.
B. The standard to estimate a performer is the amount of his/her movements.
C. It"s necessary to keep movements along the music in time.
D. The content of Beijing Opera is plentiful but much fixed. |
| 5. What will be the future of the Beijing Opera? |
A. Very bright.
B. Certainly good.
C. Much uncertain.
D. More popular. |
| 阅读理解 |
There are many American expressions about insects-like bees, for example. Bees always appear
to be busy, moving around their homes, or hives. In fact, you might say your house was a beehive of
activity if your whole family was helping you clean. You also might say you made a beeline for
something if you went there right away.
Here is an expression about bees that is not used much any more, but we like it anyway. We think
it was first used in the nineteen twenties. If something was the best of its kind, you might say it was the
bee"s knees. Now, we admit that we do not know how this expression developed. In fact, we do not
even know if bees have knees!
If your friend cannot stop talking about something because she thinks it is important, you might say
she has a bee in her bonnet. If someone asks you a personal question, you might say "that is none of
your beeswax". This means none of your business.
Speaking of personal questions, there is an expression people sometimes use when their children
ask, "where do babies come from?" Parents who discuss sex and reproduction say this is talking about
the birds and the bees.
Hornets are beelike insects that sometimes attack people. If you are really angry, you might say you
are mad as a hornet.
Butterflies are beautiful insects, but you would not want to have butterflies in your stomach. That
means to be nervous about having to do something, like speaking in front of a crowd. You would also
not want to have ants in your pants. That is, to be restless and unable to sit still. |
| 1. When Tom spends his weekend cleaning his house, we can say he is as busy as ________. |
A. an insect
B. a hornet
C. a butterfly
D. a bee |
| 2. Which of the following expressions can NOT be often heard in daily life? |
A. Make a beeline.
B. That is none of your beeswax.
C. It"s the bee"s knees.
D. My house is a beehive of activity. |
| 3. When you say to Mary "you have a bee in your bonnet", what do you really mean? |
A. She should stop talking about something.
B. You care about her very much.
C. She is in danger and needs help.
D. What she talks about is really important |
| 4. Which of the following would be discussed next? |
A. Some expressions about pigs.
B. Some expressions about noses.
C. Some expressions about bugs.
D. Some expressions about colours. |
| 阅读理解。 |
Sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from
coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount
of anxiety or stress for young athletes (运动员). Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological,
and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or
quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.
The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is
one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to
cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their
lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can
greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents" and coaches" criticisms to heart
and find a flaw (缺陷) in themselves.
Coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become
work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of
learning the sport and other life lessons. In today"s youth sport setting, young athletes may be
worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game,
many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters" performances.
Positive reinforcement should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicates that
positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism
can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout. |
| 1. An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is ________. |
A. to make sports less competitive
B. to make sports more challenging
C. to reduce their mental stress
D. to increase their sense of success(C) |
| 2. According to the passage sport is positive for young people because ________. |
A. it can help them learn more about society
B. it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves
C. it enables them to find flaws in themselves
D. it can provide them with valuable experiences(D) |
| 3. Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes ________. |
A. without realizing criticism may destroy their self confidence
B. in order to make them remember life"s lessons
C. believing that criticism is beneficial for their early development
D. so as to put more pressure on them(A) |
| 4. According to the passage parents and coaches should ________. |
A. help children to win every game
B. pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports
C. enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports
D. train children to cope with stress(B) |
| 5. The author"s purpose in writing the passage is ________. |
A. to persuade young children not to worry about criticism
B. to stress the importance of positive reinforcement to children
C. to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement
D. to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout(B) |
| 阅读理解 |
From bankers to factory staff, employees in the West face a cold prospect of losing their jobs as a
global recession(衰退) starts to bite. For colleagues in the East, the pain is more likely to come through
a pay cut.
Human resource experts say cultural differences explain why Asian companies try harder to preserve
jobs in difficult times, which will prevent unemployment and may help Asian economies survive at a time
of slowing exports. The East Asian attitude may also make it easier for companies to recover quickly
from the economic downturn since they will not need to rehire or train new staff, but build up a more
loyal and devo ted group.
"In the Confucian mindset(儒家思想), the right thing to do is to share the burden, which is the sense
of collective responsibility. While in the West, it"s more about individual survival," said Michael Benoliel,
associate professor of organizational behavior at Singapore Management University (SMU).
In contrast, local Western companies from General Motors to Goldman Sachs plan to lay off
workers by the thousands, but at the Asian units of Western multinationals or western units of Asian
groups, job cuts will probably be less severe.
Japan"s jobless rate was 4 percent in September, up from 3.8 percent in January, while Hong
Kong"s was flat at 3.4 percent. But US unemployment is expected to have jumped to 6.3 percent last
month from below 5 percent in January.
Experts say that while there are noticeable differences in labor practices in East and West, the gap
will narrow as more firms become more multinational and competition forces firms to adopt the best
practices of rivals(对手) from abroad. |
| 1. The underlined word "prospect" in the first paragraph most probably means _________. |
A. weather
B. scene
C. future
D. place |
| 2. Compared with job cuts, pay cuts can bring the following benefits EXCEPT that _________. |
A. it"s helpful to the economy recovery
B. it costs the company less money to survive
C. it will keep the experienced and skilled workers
D. it can form a team working harder and more loyally |
| 3. According to Michael Benoliel, the Confucian mindset focuses on _________. |
A. human rights
B. sharing responsibility
C. personal profits
D. individual survival |
| 4. In which company can we infer the job cuts will be probably the most severe? |
A. A local American group.
B. A small Japanese company.
C. A German branch of a Korean multinational.
D. A Hong Kong"s unit of a French company. |
| 5. The passage mainly tells us ________. |
A. the difficulties all the companies around the world will meet with today
B. the cultural differences between Eastern and Western world at present
C. the ways to cut down the cost of the companies in economic downturn
D. the different labor solutions of Asian and Western in global recession |
| 阅读理解。 |
The name "cowboy" conjures up many different images from movies, songs and TV. These imagined
cowboys range from white-hat-wearing heroes to gun-shooting hooligans(流氓).But, cowboys are
actually real people from US history?
When the US Civil War ended, many soldiers had no place to call home. So, they began to drift to
the country"s rural West. Ranchers(农场主) hired these men to take care of the cattle and work around
the ranch. When the ranch owner wanted to sell the cattle, the cowboys would round up the herd from
the open prairie(牧场) and drive the cattle miles to the market.?
With the invention of barbed wire(铁丝网),the cowboy era(1865-1890) began to come to an end.
But people in the East had always been curious about their lifestyle. Many country/western songs during
this time tried to capture the true cowboy spirit. Newspapers published cowboy tales in serial form and
adventure novels followed. The bigger the fiction, the better the sales. These novels often portrayed
cowboys as cruel and violent men. Cowboys carried the bad reputation for many years afterwards.
When movies began to be popular in the 1920s, the cowboy image changed again. Now, a cowboy
became the great white knight(骑士) that loved his horse more than the beautiful ladies he rescued. As
the cowboy of the "Old West" spent more time with his horse than the ladies, this era"s image was not
entirely false.
Then, in the 50s,Hollywood began producing so-called "spaghetti westerns(意大利西部片)".They
earned the nickname because Italian companies financed the films and TV shows. This started the
decade"s "Cowboy Craze". While this didn"t last long, it made modern country / western music, fashion
and dance extremely popular.?
In recent years, with the help of musicians, radio stations and bars, cowboy nostalgia(怀旧情绪) has
returned. Even though his image is still changing - somewhere between ballad singing country boy and
bar room fighter - there"s one thing for sure, you can"t keep the cowboy down.. |
| 1. The purpose of this story is to ______. |
A. introduce cowboy movies and novels?
B. introduce various productions associated with cowboys?
C. show the cowboy"s everlasting charm?
D. inform us about the cowboy"s spirit? |
| 2. Before they became cowboys, they ______. |
A. served in the army
B. worked as bar-room fighters?
C. owned ranches
D. were adventurous explorers? |
| 3. During "the cowboy era" mentioned in the story, _______.? |
A. the cowboy often came to the rescue of ladies in newspaper tales?
B. the distant Wild West appealed to people in the East?
C. cowboys were shown as cruel and violent men on the silver screen?
D. country music started the cowboy craze which swept the whole country |
| 4. By saying "you can"t keep the cowboy down", the writer means that ______. |
A. cowboys are real people in history
B. cowboys still fascinate people?
C. you can"t make cowboys unhappy
D. you can"t grasp the cowboy spirit |
| 5. Which of the following statements would the writer agree to? |
A. The cowboy has been presented in different lights in different eras.?
B. Cowboys are gun-shooting hooligans, without doubt.?
C. Cowboys have always been a passing phenomenon.?
D. Cowboys enjoy Italian foods, for example, spaghetti. |
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