请阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36—55各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Peer pressure can be a po
题型：不详难度：来源：
Peer pressure can be a powerful force, and sometimes a positive one. For example, hanging out with active peers may lead kids to more, making a child’s social network a vehicle for promoting healthy habits and obesity unconsciously.
The scientists studied networks of a group of students aged 5 to 12 and how the youngsters’ made and dropped friends, and effect these changing relationships had on their physical activity level.
In fact, children their exercise level little by little to better those in their circle; children who with more active students were more to increase their physical activity levels, those who befriended more sedentary(久坐不动的) children became active. The children were mirroring, following or adjusting to be to their friends before they knew it.
The encouraging suggest a potentially effective way to change children’s behavior. relying only on organized exercise programs to get moving, perhaps introducing sedentary kids to more active ones — might help more kids the couch.
It’s believed that this is a possible novel approach to obesity . The social environment does carry more power than we have given it for, so we should make use of that intentionally to influence kids.
that children are increasingly connected to one another, through face-to-face interactions or virtual ones, their networks can clearly have a deep effect many aspects of their behavior-help kids in the long run by turning them into healthier adults.
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答案
小题1:C
小题2:D
小题3:A
小题4:B
小题5:A
小题6:C
小题7:B
小题8:A
小题9:A
小题10:C
小题11:B
小题12:B
小题13:D
小题14:B
小题15:A
小题16:D
小题17:B
小题18:D
小题19:A
小题20:D
解析
试题分析 同龄人之间 会想到影响，使孩子摆脱如过度肥胖之间的问题，要加以利用。
小题1:C 考查动词辨析A 睡觉B移动C锻炼 D吃 根据题意说同龄人的压力是巨大但同时也是有积极作用的。后文是个举例，与那些好运的同龄人玩会使孩子锻炼更多。故应选 C项。
小题2:D 考查动词辨析A发展B增加C介绍 D 减少。根据上文，与同龄人玩还能更孩子的社会交往得到提升，无意识的减少过度肥胖。与主题是相呼应的。
小题3:A 考查动词辨析A追踪B通知C整理D推断 科学家研究一组五到十二岁的学生，并且跟踪他们是如何交朋友和如何失去朋友的。
小题4:B 根据句意判定。根据上文，科学家还追踪到这些不断变化的友谊是如何影响他们身体活动水平。 Have an effect on ,对。。有影响。Effect 与what 连用，表示什么的影响。
小题5:A 考查动词辨析A调整B坚持C呼吁D贡献。事实孩子们会渐渐地调整他们的水平 ，与那些同等水平的孩子想匹配。根据题意得出A项正确。
小题6:C 考查词意辨析A平等的B 完全的C 匹配D比较。根据上文，to better match 更好的匹配。故选C项。
小题7:B 考查固定短语A遗漏B常去某处C明白D弄明白。根据第一段提到hanging out with active peers may lead kids to more,得知 hang out with sb ,与。。玩在一处。
小题8:A 考查形容词辨析A可能的B可能的C一定D由于。根据上文，那些经常与爱活动的学生一块玩的孩子更有可能会提高身体水平。 Be likely to do 可能。。。
小题9:A 考查连词辨析。而那些与久坐不动的孩子玩的孩子们更不愿意活动。根上一句话形成一个对比。While 表示对比。故选 A项。
小题10:C 考查形容词辨析A更多 B永久的C更少的D临时的。根据上文，这些孩子更不爱活动，故选 less than ,更少的。
小题11:B考查形容词辨析A熟悉的B相似的C受人欢迎的D规则的。句意，孩子们都会受影响或者跟随调整与同龄人相似的。故选B项。
小题12:B考查名词辨析A导致B结果C原因 D实验。根据上文得到这种相互影响 的结论，会对孩子产生一定的影响 的这件事，可以找出一条更好的方法来改变孩子的行为。故选 B项。
小题13:D考查固定短语A更多B更少C除了D而不是。根据上文，改变孩子的某些习惯，就不用依靠一些固定模式的练习。故选 D项。
小题14:B考查动词短语A下降B下车C上车D 复习 根据上文，给久坐不动的孩子介绍一些活跃的朋友更可能帮助孩子出去活动。 Get off the couch. ,离开沙发，即出去玩。
小题15:A考查名词辨析A阻止B介绍ｃ讨论D信息。令人相信的是，这是一个很好的方法来防止孩子过度肥胖的方法。根据题意得出A项。
小题16:D考查名词辨析A纪念B同意C协定D信用。题意为，社会环境比我们给他们信用更能影响孩子，因此我们应加以利用的来影响孩子。
小题17:B考查动词辨析A考虑B考虑到C意识到D假定 根据上文，考虑到孩子们之间的这种相互联系，此处given 是个连词，考虑到。
小题18:D考查连词辨析 此处选择哪个连词，根据后面出现的or，whether ,,or ..是通过面对面作用还是实质的作用。
小题19:A 考查形容词辨析A社会的B 自然的C精神的D身体的。根据题意，他们的关系网络对他们行为很很多长期的影响，在他们转变成健康的成人过程中。
小题20:D 考查介词辨析 考查固定搭配。Have an effect on 对。。有影响。
考点 日常生活类阅读。
举一反三
It’s common to hear the honking of horns in New York. Whoever tries every day to get more than a few minutes of sleep in the city will tell you that he could do nothing about it! Honking of horns is just one of their most widely enjoyed pastimes.
But Aaron, a Japanese website developer has had enough of it. Once, the 31-year-old man approached the open window to wait for the driver to finish honking, delivered a polite "excuse me" and then yelled " Ho-o-o-o-onk!", which suggests fierce anger in Japan. Then he threw three eggs from the window of his apartment on to a passing car honking loudly below when his patience was worn out. Instead of apologizing to him, the driver threatened to kill him angrily. So, nobly, Aaron turned to non-violence. He started writing anti-honking haiku verses, a form of Japanese poetry, and submitted them to local newspapers:
Oh .forget Enron;
The problem around here is;
All the damn honking
(Enron: a major American company that recently caused a scandal by going bankrupt because of corrupt(腐败) mismanagement)
"Then this kind of chain reaction started happening," Aaron says. "All these other haiku started appearing that I haven"t written." Aaron’ s community is now covered in anti - honking poetry, written by all walks of life, ranging from scary environmental activist types to violent revolutionaries:
Patience slowly fades;
Residents store up their eggs;
That day is coming soon.
It’s no surprise that Aaron has started a website — www. honku. org — and now people from across the country send him news of their own anti - honking activities. It seems that poetry can change the world after all. Then, just recently, anti-anti- honking haiku started to appear, taped up by locals who thought Aaron should stop worrying about honking and start worrying about starving children, say, or war in the Middle East instead. Aaron has an answer for that. "Stop me if this is too tenuous(不靠谱的) ," he says," but they talk about the violence in the Middle East like it" s a force of nature, like it" s beyond our control. But actually it"s kind of like the honking - the violence is man -made. If we can figure out how to stop honking on the streets, I think we could learn some things that we could use on a large scale. "
小题1:The first paragraph of the passage is intended to tell us that_______.
| A．New Yorkers have formed a habit of honking while driving |
| B．most New Yorkers enjoy sleeping late in the morning |
| C．honking noise has influenced people"s life in New York |
| D．New Yorkers enjoy listening to the honking of horns |
| A．Pretended to ignore it. |
| B．Screamed at the driver. |
| C．Acted in a peaceful way. |
| D．Complained to the government. |
| A．pointless |
| B．abnormal |
| C．sensitive |
| D．acceptable |
| A．fierce violence in the Middle East is more of an issue worthy of concern |
| B．finding the solution to anti - honking is as meaningful as that to starvation |
| C．big issues are beyond our control while small ones are under our control |
| D．if not handled properly, honking may cause serious problems like starvation |
What"s even more impressive is that the three who have become skilled in just eight weeks are not special dogs that belong to some rich owners, but abandoned ones at New Zealand"s SPCA.
To get their training started, 10-month old Porter, 18-month-old Monty and one-year-old Ginny were selected from a pool of seven potential candidates and moved to Animal Q, a talent agency that teaches animals tricks for movies and television shows.
The driving classes began with teaching the dogs some basic driving techniques like turning the steering wheels（方向盘）and applying the brakes. After that the dogs practiced everything they had learnt behind the wheels of a motorized（装上发动机的）car. Then finally, it was time for the big test--- driving a real car!
Human cars are not really built for four-legged animals, so the car they drove was adjusted so that the dogs could sit comfortably and easily reach the steering wheel with their paws.
Though they all seemed to do very well, the real test came on Monday night when Monty, the best driver of the three, showed his great driving skill on live television.
Why would the SPCA go through so much trouble to highlight the skills of homeless dogs? The reason is to show that adopting a dog from a shelter does not mean owners are getting a pet that is worse than one purchased from a keeper. The CEO of the SPCA is hoping that this unusual event will be enough to convince the residents of New Zealand to consider them, when searching for a pet.
We surely hope so, meanwhile we are almost certain that these three pioneers have at least landed their names in the Guinness World Records, creating a category that probably does not even exist today!
小题1:Who do the three dogs belong to?
| A．Some rich owners. | B．Animal Q. | C．A shelter. | D．A zoo. |
| A．because is was too big for the dogs to drive |
| B．because it had no steering wheels and brakes |
| C．to ensure the dogs could sit comfortably and drive easily |
| D．to motorize the car and turn it to be a real one |
a. Teaching the dogs some basic driving techniques.
b. Selecting three dogs and moving them to Animal Q.
c. The dogs practiced everything they had learnt in a motorized car.
d. Choosing the best driver to show his great driving skill on live television.
e. Driving a real car.
| A．a-b-c- d-e | B．b-a-c-e-d | C． b- d- a-c-e | D．a- e- c-b-d |
| A．To prove old dogs can learn new tricks. |
| B．To teach them performing tricks for movies and television shows. |
| C．To provide amusing performances for homeless children |
| D．To encourage people to adopt the abandoned dogs. |
| A．A new Guinness category for driving dogs will probably be created. |
| B．Abandoned dogs are much cleverer than house-kept ones. |
| C．All the dogs at New Zealand’s SPCA will soon be adopted. |
| D．New Zealand has the most homeless dogs among all countries |
Introduction
A lot of crime is against bicycles. About 150,000 bicycles are stolen every year and most are never found. You can prevent this happening by following a few careful steps.
Basic Security
Do not leave your bicycle in out-of-the-way places. Always lock your bicycle when you leave. Secure it to lampposts or trees. Take off smaller parts and take them with you, for example lights and saddles(车座).
Locks
Get a good lock. There are many different types in the shop. Buy one that has been tested against attack. Ask for a recommendation from a bike shop.
Marking
Security marking your bike can act as a deterrent(威慑) to a thief. It can also help the police find your bicycle. It should be clearly written and include your postcode and your house or flat number. This will provide a simple way to identify your bicycle.
Registration
There are a number of companies who will mark your bicycle for you. They will then put your registration number and personal details on their computer database. Then if your bicycle is found it will be easy to contact you.
Finally
Keep a record of the bicycle yourself: its make, model and registration number. You can even take a photograph of it, this will prove the bicycle belongs to you.
小题1:Which part of the article gives you information on how to lock up your bicycle when you leave it?
| A．Locks | B．Marking | C．Registration | D．Basic Security |
| A．in the bike shop and your computer |
| B．in a police station and security company |
| C．in a security company and your university |
| D．by yourself and in a security company |
| A．More than 150,000 bicycles are stolen every year. |
| B．Leave your bicycle in out-of-the-way places. |
| C．Taking a photograph of your bike will help prove the bicycle belongs to you. |
| D．Always lock your bicycle even if you don’t leave. |
| A．to tell you what to do if your bicycle is stolen |
| B．to suggest ways of keeping your bicycle safe |
| C．to give you advice on where to buy a good lock |
| D．to say why you shouldn’t keep your bicycle in a quiet place |
Often, we are eager to ignore our own faults. But we have higher standards when it comes to our expectations of someone else who has the same expectations. We need to as equally understand the weaknesses of others and excuse them just as we excuse ourselves.
Two of my strengths are punctuality(准时) and organization. I like to meet deadlines when they are due and keep the space around my computer neat and orderly. But sometimes things happen, and I slip from being perfect. When this happens, I show myself mercy and lower the standard for myself. However, if someone else makes a mess around my computer, I might not show them as much mercy as I show myself. If it can happen to me, then I should be willing to realize that it can happen to someone else as well.
I am not suggesting that we should not work on improving our faults, or that it should be right to be late or leave a mess behind us. Although we should always be working towards self-improvement, we shouldn’t have a double standard that says we are excused from our own mistakes but we cannot excuse someone else. If we are not 100-percent perfect, we shouldn’t expect others to be.
Mercy shows an understanding heart. If we are blind to our own faults, we will not be very merciful towards others. Showing a little mercy goes a long way when life’s little mistakes take place. When the tables are turned, showing mercy towards someone’s shortcomings could cause us to receive some in return.
小题1:From the first paragraph we can learn that________________.
| A．we all make a mess sometimes |
| B．we all need private space |
| C．we should accept others’ help with gratitude |
| D．we should not open the lid on the peanut butter jar |
| A．By raising questions. | B．By giving examples. |
| C．By analyzing opinions. | D．By showing research findings |
| A．“When good luck comes” | B．“When benefits increase” |
| C．“When our mistakes happen” | D．“When the situation is changed” |
| A．Changing Bad Daily Habits | B．Excusing Our Own Faults |
| C．Being Merciful Toward Others | D．Working Toward Self-improvement |
Drink water. Believe it or not , dehydration-- when your body doesn’t have enough water--is the commonest cause of injuries at theme parks. Drinking water while you are at the park is not enough.You must make sure that you drink enough water before your visit.
Use your “common sense”. There are lots of people around , so make sure where your friends or family are .Also ,if you are walking and want to stop , make sure nobody is walking behind you. First step aside,then look behind and if you aren’t in anybody’s way,then stop.It might sound exaggerated(夸张的),but crashes between people can cause accidents.
Follow the instructions. The majority of theme parks have instructions for each ride. Some rides only allow people of a certain height. So make sure you are not too tall or too short before boarding any ride. Also, people with certain diseases or conditions are advised not to go on some rides. Do remember : If you are told not to go on a ride, then DON’T.
Do not ride with a bad atomach or if you’ve just eaten. Rides can make you ill because of their violent changes of direction and your lunch may end up on someone else’s head: surely not a very pleasant experience.
Have fun, relax, and be a little brave!
Some rides might look scary but theme parks are very safe places.
小题1:What is the leading reason for injuries at theme parks?
| A．Snow | B．Dehydration | C．Fire | D．Crashes |
| A．it doesn’t pay to go to theme parks |
| B．people can have lots of fun in theme parks |
| C．men are more interested in theme parks than women |
| D．shy people should not go to theme parks |
| A．Children should notplay in theme parks. |
| B．One shouldn’t eat anything before riding. |
| C．One must always stay with his friends or family in theme parks. |
| D．One must read the instructions before playing in theme parks. |
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