Teenagers will be told to "stand up for their elders" on public transport — or
题型：不详难度：来源：
Teenagers will be told to "stand up for their elders" on public transport — or risk losing their right to free travel.
London Mayor Boris Johnson will declare plans today to make youngsters sign a “courtesy pledge" (文明宣言) to promise to behave in a respectful manner when travelling in the capital. The three-point pledge states that they will give up their seats to the elderly, pregnant and disabled; keep from using offensive or threatening language; and be courteous and polite to fellow passengers and staff.
Those who refuse, or are caught behaving in a loutish manner, will have their free travel passes removed. The plan — a key part of Mr. Johnson"s re-election bid— will initially affect the 400,000 ll-to-15-year-olds in London who qualify for free travel cards, but Tory sources believe the idea could be used across the country.
A Conservative insider said: "The plan corresponds perfectly with the push to create a Big Society. It is about changing culture and expectations around behavior to improve the atmosphere on buses and trains for everyone."
Speaking before today"s launch, Mr. Johnson said he was determined to deal with the anti-social behavior of a "minority of youngsters" on public transport. "When I was a boy, I was taught to stand up for those less able to, "he said. "Youngsters enjoy the privilege of free travel, which is paid for by Londoners, but they have to understand that with that privilege comes responsibility. Anyone who abuses this privilege will have it taken away, and will have to earn that right bach ."
Teenagers found guilty of a serious violation of the new behavior rules will lose their travel passes, and will have to carry out unpaid community work to earn them back.
Mr. Johnson is also introducing a "two strikes and you"re out" policy to deal with repeat offenders, under which those committing a second serious violation of the rules will lose their travel rights permanently.
小题1:Which of the following is NOT the content of the "courtesy pledge"?
| A．Teenagers should give up their seats to the old. |
| B．Teenagers shouldn"t talk with strangers in public. |
| C．Teenagers mustn"t use aggressive language in public. |
| D．Teenagers must be polite to people on public transport. |
| A．rude | B．stupid | C．polite | D．calm |
| A．youngsters should know duty comes with benefit |
| B．youngsters shouldn"t use the privilege of free travel |
| C．anyone shouldn"t make money with the privilege |
| D．youngsters should do some unpaid community work |
| A．to sign an agreement | B．to work in the community |
| C．to be fined | D．to lose their travel passes forever |
| A．London Mayor Boris Johnson is a great person |
| B．The plan corresponds perfectly with the Big Society |
| C．Be polite and stand up for your elders or lose free travel |
| D．The "courtesy pledge” has been used across the country |
答案
小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:A
小题4:D
小题5:C
解析
小题1:事实细节题，根据文章第二段可知。
小题2:猜测词义题。根据will have their free travel passes removed可知，这些学生都是不按要求的，即没有礼貌地给老人让座，即rude
小题3:推理判断题，根据第五段Youngsters enjoy the privilege of free travel, which is paid for by Londoners, but they have to understand that with that privilege comes responsibility可知，责任和好处并存。
小题4:根据最后一段 under which those committing a second serious violation of the rules will lose their travel rights permanently可知，他们可能会永久失去他们的旅行权利
小题5:根据文章主旨第一段可知。
举一反三
While applying to college may seem easy, getting in can be tough! When you apply for college, you will have to be honest with yourself and do a bit of research to find the right fit. Here are three steps to take when applying to colleges for the best chances at getting into the best college for you.
Step l: Making A List Of Colleges To Apply To
With over 6,000 colleges in the United States, the first step in applying to college is to do some research and make a college list .This process will be different for everyone. The number of colleges you apply to can vary, from applying to 1 school (not recommended) to 30 schools (not recommended),each applicant can choose how many colleges they apply to. Many limit the number because applications are accompanied by a fee.
Step2: Splitting The List Into Target, Reach and Safety Schools
In general, students will want to apply to three types of schools: Target, Reach and Safety schools. It is up to you how many applications you send, but a good mix would be more target than reach, and at least one safety. You will need to take your list, and now decide which are your top picks, which are attainable for you academically, which are affordable for you only with aid, and refine your broad list into a group of schools that gives you the best chance for success. Talk to an admissions counselor at your high school if you have questions about this.
Step 3: Completing and Sending Applications to Colleges
Once your list is complete you are ready to apply to college by completing and sending in applications! College applications take time to complete —you have to write essays, ask for recommendations and get test scores sent to schools—so stay organized！ All colleges will require these types of application materials, so start thinking about these items well before October or December. Once you complete and send them, then you have successfully applied to college.
小题1:It can be learned from the first paragraph that_____________.
| A．you should be cautious to pick up the right college |
| B．you don"t have to think twice before applying to college |
| C．once you apply to a college, you"ll be admitted to it easily |
| D．each applicant should choose the best college for their ideal |
| A．should consider more Safety schools |
| B．had better take your academy into account |
| C．are supposed to choose merely one most fit |
| D．are required to pick out more than 30 colleges |
| A．One should clarify the list according to one"s abilities. |
| B．Refer to admissions counselor at high school if necessary. |
| C．One doesn"t have to send his test scores to the intended college. |
| D．Teachers" recommendations are included in application materials. |
| A．each applicant has the right to apply to any colleges for free |
| B．the more college one chooses, the more successful he will be |
| C．applicants should send required materials before the deadline |
| D．safety schools are those that don"t have so many requirements |
| A．how to succeed in life |
| B．how to apply to college |
| C．how to ask for information |
| D．how to do a research in college |
For the last couple of weeks, I had been stuck in front of my computer working on a project that was very important to me. My every waking hour was consumed（消耗） by the project and although I imagined that I would feel happy after completing parts of the project, I was confused to find that instead, I was feeling rather depressed. I tried a range of methods to help cheer myself up. I had a relaxing bath, cooked a delicious meal to enjoy with my family and even watched a lighthearted（轻松地） movie, but to no avail. It was only when I turned to meditation(沉思)for a solution that the answer came to me: turn to nature!
The very next day, I grabbed my camera and a bottle of water and set off to spend a few hours walking in a nature reserve, even though it was pouring with rain. Within a couple of minutes I felt alive again. To be honest, I felt like a young school girl again and had to stop myself from hopping（单脚跳） along the path singing, "I"m singing in the rain", a song I used to sing when I was a child. I think as adults we often try too hard to control our inner children and as a result we restrain(限制) our own spirits, which only leads to depression and stress.
Interestingly, it has been shown that people who spend 40 minutes walking in a nature reserve have a drop in their blood pressure levels, but this does not happen when they spend a similar amount of time walking in a busy city centre.
If you feel a little low in spirit and know that you have spent too much time indoors, relax completely, remove your shoes and let your inner child come out and play.
小题1:The author felt depressed because she __________.
| A．couldn"t consume her waking hour. |
| B．had not seen a film for a long time. |
| C．had not finished her work on time. |
| D．had worked on a hard job for too long. |
| A．take photos. | B．find a solution to the project. |
| C．hop along the path. | D．cheer herself up. |
" __________.".
| A．unsuccessful | B．unrelated（不相关的） | C．uninteresting | D．unexpected |
| A．a bath can make people relaxed. |
| B．depression is usually caused by hard work. |
| C．walking in a busy city centre harms people"s health. |
| D．adults should express their inner feelings freely. |
| A．explanation | B．suggestion | C．introduction | D．reminder |
This is love, hand in hand with you, old age to the old.
I made a promise to myself on the way down to the vacation beach cottage. For two weeks I would try to be a(an) 31 husband and father. Totally loving. No ifs, ands or buts.
The 32 had come to me as I listened to a talk on my car radio. The 33 was quoting Biblical passage about husbands and their wives. Then he went on to say, “Love is an 34 of will. A person can choose to love.” To myself, I had to 35 that I had been a selfish husband. Well, for two weeks that would 36 .
And it did, 37 from the moment I kissed Evelyn at the door and said, “That new yellow sweater looks 38 on you.”
“Oh, Tom, you noticed,” she said, 39 and pleased. Maybe a little puzzled. 40 the long drive, I wanted to sit and read. Evelyn 41 a walk on the beach. I started to refuse, 42
then I thought she wanted to be alone with me.” We walked on the beach while the 43 flew their kites.
So it went. Two weeks of not calling the firm where I am a director. We visited the shell museum 44 I usually hate museums. Relaxed and happy, that’s how the whole 45 passed. I made a new promise to keep on remembering to choose love.
There was one thing that went 46 with my experiment, however. Evelyn and I still laugh about it today. On the last night at our cottage, preparing for bed, Evelyn 47 me. “What’s the matter?” I asked her.
“Tom,” she said in a(an) 48 voice, “do you know something? I don’t….”
“What do you mean?”
“Well… that 49 I had several weeks ago … our doctor … did he tell you something about me? Am I dying?”
It took a moment for it all to be understood. Then I burst into 50 .
“No, honey,” I said, wrapping her in my arms. “You’re not dying; I’m just starting to live.”
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Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature．However, whether you are on the mountains, in the waves, or on the grassland, you should be aware that your sport of choice might have great influence on the environment．
Some sports are resource-hungry. Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water．Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses in good condition．This causes major environmental effects．For example, in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain, golf is often held responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas．
There are many environment-friendly sports. Power walking is one of them that you can take up today. You don’t need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes; and you don’t have to worry about resources and your purse．Simple and free, power walking can also keep you fit．If you walk regularly, it will be good for your heart and bones．Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious, sleep well and have better weight control．
Whatever sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials．But the final goal should be “green gyms”．They are better replacements for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers．Members of green gyms play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces．There is no special requirement for you to start your membership．And best of all, it’s free．
小题1:The author thinks the golf is resource-hungry because of the following EXCEPT that_____．
| A．Golf wastes large areas of countryside |
| B．Golf runs out of much water |
| C．Keeping golf court in good condition needs too much energy |
| D．Golf is bad for people’s health |
| A．hiking in the hills |
| B．swimming in the pool |
| C．playing basketball in the gym |
| D．motor racing in the desert |
| A．it improves our health | B．it is an outdoor sport |
| C．it uses fewer resources | D．it is recommended by experts |
| A．show us the function of major sports |
| B．encourage us to go in for green sports |
| C．discuss the major influence of popular sports |
| D．introduce different types of environment-friendly sports |
Why do some people flush when they drink alcohol? This effect is a common reaction to alcohol among East Asians. It affects about 36 percent of Japanese, Chinese and Koreans.
For many, even a small amount of alcohol can cause unpleasant effects. Most commonly, their face, neck and sometimes their whole body turn red. People might also feel uncomfortable and sick to their stomach. They might experience a burning sensation, increased heart rate, shortness of breath and headaches.
The cause is a genetic difference that they are born with called an ALDH2 deficiency (缺乏). It prevents their bodies from treating alcohol the way other people do. But the effects might be more serious than just a red face. Researchers warn of a link between this condition and an increased risk of cancer of the esophagus (食道) from drinking alcohol.
The more alcohol people with this deficiency drink, the greater their risk is. In Japan and South Korea, for example, many people have the deficiency but still drink heavily. Researchers found that these drinkers develop a form of esophageal cancer six to ten times more often than those without the deficiency.
Esophageal cancer is one of the deadliest cancers. It can be treated when found early, but once it grows the chances of survival drop sharply. The researchers estimate that at least five hundred forty million people have the deficiency, about eight percent of the world’s population.
Philip Brooks is a researcher at the National Institute in the United States. He says it is important to educate people about the link between the alcohol flushing effect and esophageal cancer. He says doctors should ask East Asian patients about their experiences with facial flushing after drinking alcohol. Those with a history of it should be advised to limit their alcohol use. They should also be warned that cigarette smoking works with the alcohol in a way that further increases the risk of esophageal cancer.
小题1:The underlined word “flush” in Paragraph 1 probably means “_________”.
| A．walk unsteadily | B．appear unpleasant |
| C．turn red in the face | D．talk more than usual |
| A．the cause of the effects of alcohol | B．unpleasant effects caused by alcohol |
| C．the advantages of drinking alcohol | D．Asians and alcohol |
| A．the ALDH2 deficiency may be passed on from generation to generation |
| B．about 36 percent of Japanese, Chinese and Koreans are heavy drinkers |
| C．unpleasant effects occur only when people with this deficiency drink a lot |
| D．only some East Asians have the ALDH2 deficiency |
| A．it can’t be treated at all |
| B．it is hard to be discovered early |
| C．people are usually addicted to alcohol |
| D．it is hard to cure once it has developed |
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