Are you stressed out, scared or worried all the time? Do you avoid going to cert
题型：不详难度：来源：
Are you stressed out, scared or worried all the time? Do you avoid going to certain places, seeing friends or doing certain things because of your worries? Do your worries keep you awake at night? If you’ve answered yes, you may be suffering from anxiety.
Anxiety is a normal and necessary part of life. Anxiety is your brain’s way of telling you about danger. It is anxiety which helps you jump out of the way if a car is speeding towards you. But if it gets out of hand, anxiety can get in the way of your getting on with life and can become a real problem. If this is the case for you, treatment may be a helpful way for you to get your anxiety under control.
Anxiety is a normal part of life. Some people may feel uneasy if moving to a new place and some may get overly anxious in certain situations. There are lots of reasons for this. One main reason is after a stressful thing which has happened in your life. So, if you are involved in a car crash, it’s quite likely that you will be more worried than other people around cars and driving.
Being anxious also probably runs in families. If your parents suffer from anxiety then you are more likely to be anxious too. This is probably partly due to genetics, and partly because of how things are when you’re growing up.
Even though people don’t talk about it much, anxiety is one of the most common mental health problems. About 1 in 4 people will have an anxiety problem at some time in their life.
If you have an anxiety problem it’s hard for other people to understand why something that doesn’t worry them, like being in a crowd of people, can be so scary for you. This can make you feel separated and lonely, as may become worse and worse.
The good news is there are lots of excellent treatments available for anxiety. These include taking therapies (疗法) and drugs.
小题1:Which of the following statements is true about anxiety?| A．With anxiety you are far away from traffic accidents. | | B．It’s abnormal for people to get too anxious after a stressful thing. | | C．Almost everybody has a certain degree of anxiety in certain situations. | | D．When you feel stressed out, scared or worried, you are surely suffering from anxiety. |
小题2: Which of the following reasons for anxiety is NOT mentioned in the passage?| A．Illness. | B．Experience. | C．Genetics. | D．Environment. |
小题3: What can we infer from the fifth and sixth paragraph in the passage?| A．Anxiety is the most common mental health problem. | | B．Those suffering from anxiety need others’ understanding badly. | | C．About a quarter of the population are suffering from anxiety now. | | D．Once you suffer from anxiety, you’d better seek for medical treatment. |
小题4:The author will most probably talk about ________ following this passage.| A．what is about anxiety | B．what causes anxiety | | C．how to handle anxiety | D．when anxiety becomes serious |
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答案
小题1:C
小题2:A
小题3:B
小题4:C |
解析
试题分析：文章介绍几乎每个人在某些形势中都会有不同程度的焦虑。焦虑是由经历，基因和环境造成，焦虑的人非常需要人们的理解。
小题1:细节题：从文章第二段的句子：Anxiety is a normal and necessary part of life.可知几乎每个人都某些形势中都会有不同程度的焦虑。选C
小题2:细节题：从文章第三段和第四段的内容：可知焦虑是由经历，基因和环境造成，没有提到由疾病引起的，选A
小题3:推理题：从第五段和第六段的内容：If you have an anxiety problem it’s hard for other people to understand why something that doesn’t worry them, like being in a crowd of people, can be so scary for you.可推出那些焦虑的人非常需要人们的理解。选B
小题4:推理题：从最后一段的句子：The good news is there are lots of excellent treatments available for anxiety. These include taking therapies (疗法) and drugs.可知下面作者最有可能谈论的是怎么应对焦虑，选C |
举一反三
Bad teeth can be painful and even be deadly. Infections of the gums(牙龈) and teeth can release bacteria into the blood system. Those bacteria can increase the chance of a heart attack or stroke and worsen the effects of other diseases. And adults are not the only ones at risk. For example, a 12yearold boy died when a tooth infection spread to his brain in 2007 in Washington. Experts said it might have been prevented had he received the dental care he needed.
Experts say good dental care starts at birth. Breast milk, they say, is the best food for the healthy development of teeth. Breast milk can help slow bacterial growth and acid production in the mouth. But dentists say a baby"s gums and early teeth should be cleaned after each feeding by using a cloth with a little warm water. Experts say if you decide to put your baby to sleep with a bottle, give only water.
When baby teeth begin to appear, you can clean them with a wet toothbrush. Dentists say it is important to find soft toothbrushes made especially for babies and to use them very gently. The use of fluoride(氟化物) to protect teeth is common in many parts of the world. For example, it is often added to drinking water supplies. The fluoride mixes with enamel(釉质), the hard surface on teeth, to help prevent holes from forming.
But young children often swallow toothpaste when they brush their teeth. The American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry notes that swallowing fluoridated toothpaste can cause problems. So young children should be carefully watched when they brush their teeth. And only a small amount of fluoridated toothpaste, the size of a pea, should be used.
Parents often wonder what effect finger sucking might have on their baby"s teeth. Dental experts generally agree that this is fine early in life. Most children stop sucking their fingers by the age of four. If it continues, experts advise parents to talk to their children"s dentists or doctors. Because it could interfere_with the correct development of permanent teeth.
Dentists say children should have their first dental visit at least by the time they are one year old. They say babies should be examined when their first teeth appear—usually at around six months.
小题1:According to the passage，what is the function of fluoride?| A．Making the surface on teeth much cleaner. | | B．Protecting gums from being infected. | | C．Keeping holes on teeth from forming. | | D．Slowing down bacterial growth and acid production. |
小题2:The underlined phrase “interfere with” in Para.5 probably means “________”．| A．do harm to | B．account for | | C．contribute to | D．stand for |
小题3:What is the purpose of the author in writing the passage?| A．To warn us of the deadly infections of gums and teeth. | | B．To introduce the advantages of fluoridated toothpaste. | | C．To draw our attention to the dental care of young children. | | D．To present the research results about dental care. |
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A new study links heavy air pollution from coal burning to shorter lives in northern China. Researchers estimate that the half-billion people alive there in the 1990s will live an average of 5 years less than their southern counterparts because they breathed dirtier air.
China itself made the comparison possible: for decades, a now-discontinued government policy provided free coal for heating, but only in the colder north. Researchers found significant differences in both particulate pollution of the air and life expectancy in the two regions.
While previous studies have found that pollution affects human health, "the deeper and ultimately more important question is the impact on life expectancy," said one of the researchers, Michael Greenstone, a professor of environmental economics at Massachusetts Institute of 一Technology. "This study provides a unique setting to answer the life expectancy question because the(heating) policy dramatically changes pollution concentrations（含量），，，Greenstone said in an email. "Further, due to the low rates of migration in China in this period, we can know people"s exposure over long time periods," he said.
The policy gave free coal for fuel boilers to heat homes and offices to cities north of the Huai Riv饥which divides China into north and south. It was in effect for much of the 1950-198,0 period of central planning, and, though discontinued after 1980, it has left a legacy（遗留） in the north of heavy coal burning, which releases particulate pollutants into the air that can harm human health. Researchers found no other government policies that treated China"s north differently from the south.
The researchers collected data for 90 cities, from 1981 to 2000, on the annual daily average concentration of total suspended（悬浮的）particulates. In China, those are considered to be particulates that are 100 micrometers or less in diameter, sent out from sources including power stations, construction sites and vehicles. Among them, PM2.5 is of especially great health concern because it can go deep into the lungs.
The researchers estimated the impact on life expectancies using death data from 1991-2000． They found that in the north, the concentration of particulates was 184 micrograms per cubic meter一or 55 percent higher than in the south, and life expectancies were 5.5 years lower on average across all age ranges.
小题1:The main idea of this passage is that＿·| A．research in China finds air pollution shortened life expectancy | | B．the government provided free coal for heating in North China | | C．coal burning causes bad air quality across China | | D．a new study finds different particulates in South China |
小题2:According to Greenstone,＿greatly contributed to the high pollution concentrations in North China.| A．power stations | B．construction sites | | C．the free heating policy | D．gases from vehicles |
小题3:It is implied in the passage that＿·| A．coal is no longer used for heating in North China | | B．air quality was comparatively better in South China | | C．southerners burned coals for heating in the 1980s | | D．people preferred to live in South China after 1980 |
小题4:The underlined word "particulates" most probably means＿．| A．dirty clouds | B．particular smoke | | C．harmful dust | D．dangerous bacteria |
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Eco City Farms(生态城市农场) are becoming more popular in cities and towns around the Unites States.
Eco City Farms in Edmonton, Maryland, is located near shopping centers, car repair shops and homes. The neighborhood is a working-class community(社区). People do not have very much money. And they have limited access to fresh food in markets.
Over the past two years, the farm has attracted volunteers from the community like Marcy Clark. She schools her four children at home. On a recent day she brought them to Eco City Farms for a lesson. Her son Alston Clark thinks his experience is very valuable.“I like coming out here,”he says,“You know, you connect with the earth, where your food comes from. You appreciate the food a little bit more.”
Margaret Morgan started Eco City Farms. She thinks of it as a place where people can learn to live healthier lives. “Growing food in a community brings people together,”she continues,“Every piece of what we do here is a demonstration(示范) to show people everything about how to have an eco-friendly community.”she says. From the Eco City Farms people come to know that they are not only growing food and raising chickens and bees, but improving the soil with compost(肥料)made from food waste.
Eco City Farms is an experimental operation. The farm gets its power not from the local electricity networks, but from the sun with solar panels. In winter, the green house use a geothermal(地热)system.
Vegetables can be grown all year. So once a week, all winter long, neighbors like Chris Moss and her three children bike to the farm to pick up a share of the harvest.
“I like eating the vegetables ”say five-year-old Owen Moss.
小题1:What is mainly talked about in the passage?| A．Eco City Farms save a lot of energy. | | B．Eco City Farms are gaining popularity. | | C．Eco City Farms are influencing community life. | | D．Eco City Farms helps the working-class live better. |
小题2:According to the passage, Eco City Farms are close to the following places EXCEPT______.| A．shopping centers | B．car repair shops | | C．fast-food restaurants | D．working-class community |
小题3:What is the author’s attitude toward Eco City Farms?| A．Enthusiastic(热心的). | B．Disappointed. | | C．Surprised. | D．Doubtful. |
小题4:In which column(专栏) of a newspaper can you most probably read this article?| A．People. | B．Travel. | C．Environment. | D．Education. |
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American children are not the only couch potatoes with nearly one third of children globally spending 3 hours a day or more watching TV or on computers, according to the study of over 70,000 teens in 34 nations.
From Argentina to Zambia, Regina Guthold of the World Health Organization in Geneva and her colleagues found most children were not getting enough exercise and that it made no difference whether they live in a rich or a poor country. “With regards to physical levels, we didn’t find much of a difference between rich and poor countries,” Guthold said, “Growing up in a poor country doesn’t necessarily mean kids get more physical activities.”
The researchers defined adequate physical activity as at least an hour of exercise outdoors for at least 5 days a week. Children spending 3 or more hours a day watching TV, playing computer games or chatting with friends were classified as sedentary.
The researchers found only a quarter of the boys and 15 percent of the girls were getting enough exercise by these definitions. A quarter of boys and nearly 30% of girls were sedentary and didn’t get enough exercise with girls less active than boys in every country aside from Zambia.
Girls from India were the most active with 37 percent meeting exercise recommendation, while girls from Egypt were the least active with 4 percent getting enough exercise. Children in Myanmar were the least sedentary while the most sedentary nations were St .Lucia and the Cayman Islands.
People show deep concern for kids’ lack of physical activity in various nations. Why do they have a low level of physical activity? Guthold speculated（认为）that urbanization could be a factor as well as easy access to cars and TVs.
小题1:If you are sedentary, you ____________. | A．are a diligent student spending much time doing homework | | B．have at least an hour of exercise outdoors 5 days a week. | | C．like watching TV and playing computer games | | D．spend longer hours sitting or lying without moving |
小题2:Which of the following statements is true as to Guthold’s finding?| A．Most children around the world don’t meet the exercise recommendation. | | B．Girls in every country are no more active than boys. | | C．Children in rich countries relatively get less physical activity. | | D．Only 4% of the girls from Egypt are not active in exercise. |
小题3:All the following statements are wrong except _______.| A．Children in poor countries get more physical activities. | | B．Girls in Egypt are more active than those in India. | | C．Couch potatoes are those children addicted to snacks. | | D．Children in Myanmar are less sedentary than those in St .Lucia. |
小题4:What would the writer be most likely to discuss in detail in the paragraph that follows?| A．The suitable amount of physical activities for students. | | B．Some of the factors for the popularity of cars and TVs among the kids. | | C．The reasons behind the lack of physical activities. | | D．The ways to make the most of cars and TVs. |
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Jogging became popular some twenty years ago and has remained a favorite way of keeping fit．It is running at a steady speed over short or long distances．Teenagers can jog and ，with caution , can people in their seventies .
One of the main jogging has over many other sports is that it can be done anywhere . People jog around campuses , in parks and even in urban areas . Special fields and running tracks are not .
Similarly , no special is required—no costly hats , gloves , or balls . Good quality running shoes are , but otherwise the jogger can simply wear loose , comfortable clothing .
Having bended and as basic warm-up , you are ready to begin jogging now .
| 小题1: | | A．originally | B．basically | C．necessarily | D．especially |
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| 小题3: | | A．drawbacks | B．usages | C．advantages | D．points |
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| 小题4: | | A．essential | B．satisfactory | C．sensible | D．convenient |
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| 小题5: | | A．decoration | B．instrument | C．clothing | D．equipment |
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| 小题6: | | A．primary | B．advisable | C．unnecessary | D．acceptable |
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| 小题7: | | A．expanded | B．marched | C．wandered | D．stretched |
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