Do you sleep well? Some people get off to sleep as soon as their head hits the p
题型：不详难度：来源：
Do you sleep well? Some people get off to sleep as soon as their head hits the pillow, but many others are not so lucky. In fact, the lack of quality sleep has become a public health issue around the world. According to me World Association of Sleep Medicine, 45 percent of the world"s population suffer from sleep problems. One in eight people don"t sleep well and are easily woken. 7.6 percent sleep less than 3 hours each night. Some even cannot fall asleep for several days in a row.
As a basic bodily and mental need, sleep is essential for our survival, it helps us to fight diseases, strengthen our memory, perform better in work and school and improve our quality of life. Lack of sleep is known to have a significant negative influence on health, both in the short and long term. Poor sleep has been associated with obesity, diabetes, weakened immune systems and even some cancers, as well as depression and anxiety.
The World Sleep Day, held on the third Friday of March, is an annual celebration of sleep to lighten the burden of sleep problems through better prevention and management of sleep disorders.
To achieve this goal, we must figure out what causes sleepiness and sleeplessness.
Unhealthy lifestyle may be the first to blame. More and more people use cell phones and computers in bed, with many staying up until midnight. Modern technology does make our life convenient, but abuse of it ruins our health. Environmental conditions, such as temperature, noise, light, bed comfort also play an important Pole in one"s ability to get proper sleep. Besides, improper evening diet, like a full or an empty stomach, coffee and alcohol all contribute to sleep problems. Of course, when it comes to causing poor sleep, stress from finances, family or work should never be ignored．
However, those who suffer from sleep disorders don"t necessarily have to continue to do so -most sleep problems can be managed．
小题1:What can be inferred from Paragraph 1?| A．Nobody can stay awake for several days | | B．Most people are going through sleep problems | | C．Sleep problems have become a worldwide concern． | | D．The majority of the world"s population can"t sleep well． |
小题2:Which of the following is not a direct cause of sleep problems?| A．Unhealthy lifestyle． | B．Modern technology． | | C．Environmental conditions． | D．Work stress． |
小题3:What will be discussed in the paragraph that follows?| A．The harm of sleep problems． | | B．Activities on the World Sleep Day． | | C．Interviews of poor sleep sufferers． | | D．Measures against sleep problems． |
小题4:Which best describes the author"s attitude to sleep problem in the text?| A．Doubtful． | B．Disapproving． | C．Concerned． | D．Enthusiastic |
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答案
小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:D
小题4:C |
解析
试题分析：本文讲述了全世界范围的睡眠问题已经很严重了，文章中仔细分析了睡眠问题出现的具体原因和并提出了具体的解决方法。
小题1:C 推理题。根据第一段2,3行In fact, the lack of quality sleep has become a public health issue around the world.可知睡眠问题已经成为全球的问题，故C正确。
小题2:B 细节题。根据文章倒数第二段Unhealthy lifestyle may be the first to blame和Environmental conditions, such as temperature, noise, light, bed comfort also play an important Pole in one"s ability to get proper sleep.和Of course, when it comes to causing poor sleep, stress from finances, family or work should never be ignored．可知ACD三项都是要可能的原因，只有B项文章没有提及。故B正确。
小题3:D 推理题。在文章最后两段发现了导致睡眠问题的具体原因，接下来应该告诉我们解决这些问题的具体的措施。故D正确。
小题4:C 态度意图题。本文讲述了全世界范围的睡眠问题已经很严重了，说明作者对此很担心。故C正确。
点评：本文讲述了全世界范围的睡眠问题已经很严重了，文章中仔细分析了睡眠问题出现的具体原因和并提出了具体的解决方法。本文主旨鲜明,很容易在文中找到答案。做题时要注意文章的首段和每一段的首句或尾句，因为它们往往就是文章的主题句。阅读中要注意要点之间的关系。然后带着问题，再读全文，找出答题所需要的依据，完成阅读任务。 |
举一反三
Is there anything more important than health? I don’t think so. “Health is the greatest wealth，” wise people say. You can’t be good at your studies or work well when you are ill.
If you have a headache, toothache, backache, earache or bad pain in the stomach, if you complain of a bad cough, if you run a high temperature and have a bad cold, or if you suffer from high or low blood pressure, I think you should go to the doctor. The doctor will examine your throat, feel your pulse, test your blood pressure, take your temperature, sound your heart and lungs, test your eyes, check your teeth or have your chest X-rayed. After that, he will advise some treatment, or some medicine. The only thing you have to do is to follow his advice.
Speaking about doctor’s advice, I can’t help telling you a funny story. An old gentleman came to see the doctor. The man was very ill. He told the doctor about his weakness, memory loss and serious problems with his heart and lungs. The doctor examined him and said there was no medicine for his disease. He told his patient to go to a quiet place for a month and have a good rest. He also advised him to eat a lot of meat, drink two glasses of red wine every day and take long walks. In other words, the doctor advised him to follow the rule: “Eat with pleasure, drink with pleasure and enjoy life as it is.” The doctor also said that if the man wanted to be well again, he shouldn’t smoke more than one cigarette a day. A month later the gentleman came into the doctor’s office. He looked cheerful and happy. He thanked the doctor and said that he had never felt a healthier man.“ But you know, doctor,” he said, “it’s not easy to begin smoking at my age.”
小题1:The writer thinks that_____. | A．health is more important than wealth | | B．work is as important as studies | | C．medicine is more important than pleasure | | D．nothing is more important than money |
小题2:The doctor usually tells his patient what to do______. | A．without examining the patient | B．after he has examined the patient | | C．if the patient doesn’t take medicine | D．unless the patient feels pain |
小题3:The underlined part means “______”. | A．he was feeling better than ever | B．he wasn’t a healthy man | | C．he was feeling worse than before | D．he will be well again |
小题4:From the last sentence of the passage, we learn the man_______ before the doctor told him not to smoke more than one cigarette a day. | A．was a heavy smoker | B．didn’t smoke so much | | C．didn’t smoke | D．began to learn to smoke |
小题5:Which of the following is NOT true? | A．The doctor usually tests his/her blood pressure when a person is ill. | | B．The man told the doctor he couldn’t remember things. | | C．The man thanked the doctor. | | D．The man didn’t follow the doctor’s advice. |
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Your smartphone can do a lot of things. It can call people. It connects to the Internet. It enables you to play fun games. But there is a dark side to this smart little equipment of yours----- it might also spread disease.
“People are just likely to get sick from their phones as from handles of the bathroom, ” Jeffrey Cain, the president of the American Academy of Family Physicians , told The Wall Street Journal.
This may be hard to believe, but scientists reached this conclusion after they tested eight cell phones from an office in Chicago. All the tested phones showed high numbers of coliforms (大肠菌), a kind of bacteria found in human waste , with about 2700 to 4200 units of the bacteria on each phone. The bacteria can cause flu, pinkeye and other diseases . That is right --- your phone is covered in our human waste.
Although computers, keys and pens carry germs (细菌) , our phones get far dirtier. They touch a lot of things, including our hands and the inside of our pocket or purse. We take them almost everywhere: the bus, the subway and who hasn’t played Angry Birds or Fruit Ninja while sitting on the toilet?
“Some things that we think are personal are actually more public than we imagine,” Cain said. What is even worse is that after the phone returns from its dirty trip, it then spends most of its time cozying up to our faces. You don’t think about how often you touch your phone to your face, do you? Our noses, mouths and ears are all warm and rich in grease (油脂) , an environment that germs really like.
So how do you keep your phone clean? Alcohol is effective when used to kill germs from the back and side of your phone. But it might harm the screen. There is one simple and reliable way you can reduce the germs on your phone’s surface: wash your hands regularly.
小题1:The underlined word “dark” in the first paragraph means _______| A．black | B．hopeless | C．unpleasant | D．unclear |
小题2:Which of the following best describe the tone of the third paragraph?| A．Terrified | B．concerned | C．Satisfying | D．Threatening |
小题3: By saying “Some things we think are personal are actually more public than we imagine,” Cain means that ________.| A．people love to share their phones more than they realize | | B．our personal items could be as risky to our health as public items | | C．phones are used in public places more than people realize | | D．Most people don’t know how dirty their cell phones are |
小题4:What is the article mainly about?| A．Tips on the use of phones | | B．Health problems caused by the use of phones | | C．The danger of coliforms infection | | D．The influence that phone have on our life |
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If you think American cooking means opening a package and throwing the contents into the microwave oven (微波炉), think again. On the one hand, it’s true that many Americans have cold cereal for breakfast, sandwiches for lunch and instant (方便的) dinners. From busy homemakers to working people, many Americans enjoy the convenience (方便) of fast food that can be ready to serve in 10 minutes or less. On the other hand, many Americans realize the importance of cooking skills. Parents — especially mothers — see the importance of training their children — especially daughters. Most Americans think that there’s nothing better than a good home-cooked meal. But with cooking, as with any other skill, good results don’t happen by accident.
Probably every cook has his or her own way of cooking. But there are some basic skills that most people follow. For example, baking is a main method (方法) of preparing food in America. For that reason, Americans would find it next to impossible to live without an oven. American cooks pay special attention to the balance of foods, too. In planning a big meal they try to include meat, a few vegetables, some bread and often a dessert. They also like to make sure the meal is colorful. Having several different colors of food on the plate usually makes for a healthy meal.
For those who need guidance in their cooking, or for those who have just run out of ideas, recipes are a great help. Recipes list all the ingredients for a dish (generally in the order used), the amount of each to use, and a description of how to put them together.
小题1:This passage mainly tells us that ______.| A．Americans like to have several different colors of food on the plate | | B．without an oven, Americans find it impossible to live conveniently | | C．Americans pay special attention to recipes and nutritious meals | | D．Americans usually have fast food, but they pay special attention to cooking as well |
小题2:Many Americans have cold cereal for breakfast, sandwiches for lunch and instant dinner because ______.| A．they like instant food very much | | B．they don’t like cooking at all | | C．most American working people are busy and don’t have time to cook | | D．fast food is delicious and it usually contains a lot of vitamins |
小题3:By saying “But with cooking, as with any other skill, good results don’t happen by accident”, the author means ______.| A．good cooking doesn’t come easily; it needs a lot of practice | | B．just like any other skill, cooking may bring good results | | C．cooking comes from one’s gift, not through practice | | D．cooking can lead to accidents |
小题4:From the passage, we know that ______.| A．Americans don’t care about food | | B．Americans are not good at cooking because they like to use recipes | | C．an oven plays an important role in cooking for Americans | | D．while cooking, Americans usually run out of ideas |
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Most young people 21 some form of 22 activity. It may be walking, cycling,or swimming, or in winter, skating, or skiing. It may be a game of some kind—football, hockey, golf or tennis. It may be mountaineering. (登山运动) Those who have a 23 for climbing high and difficult mountains are often 24 with astonishment. Why are men and women willing to 25 cold and hardship, and to take 26 on high mountains? This astonishment is caused, probably, by the 27 between mountaineering and other forms of activity 28 which men 29 their leisure (空闲的) time. Mountaineering is a sport and not a game. There are no manmade rules, 30 there are for such games as golf and football. There are, 31 rules of a different kind which would be dangerous to ignore, but it is this freedom from manmade rules 32 makes mountaineering 33 to many people. Those who climb mountains are 34 to use their own methods. If we compare mountaineering and other more familiar sports we might think that one big difference is that mountaineering is not a “team game” .We should be mistaken in this. There are , it is true, no “matches” between “teams” of climbers but when climbers are on a rock face 35 by a rope 36 which their lives may depend, there is obviously teamwork. The mountain climber knows that he may have to fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than man. He has to fight the forces of nature. His sport requires high mental and physical 37. A mountain climber continues to improve in skill year after year. A skier is probably past his best by the age of thirty, and most international tennis 38 are in their early twenties. 39 it is not unusual for men of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in the Alps. They may take more time than younger men, but they probably climb with more skills and less waste of effort, and they certainly 40 equal enjoyment.
| 小题1: | | A．please | B．play | C．get | D．enjoy |
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| 小题2: | | A．physical | B．mental | C．joy | D．pleasant |
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| 小题3: | | A．feeling | B．thirst | C．possession | D．position |
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| 小题4: | | A．looked down | B．looked out | C．looked upon | D．looked round |
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| 小题5: | | A．suffer | B．observe | C．enjoy | D．stare at |
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| 小题6: | | A．danger | B．pains | C．risks | D．efforts |
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| 小题7: | | A．difference | B．distance | C．similarity | D．relationship |
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| 小题9: | | A．draw | B．spend | C．devote | D．spare |
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| 小题11: | | A．sometimes | B．however | C．of course | D．therefore |
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| 小题12: | | A．which | B．that | C．what | D．whatever |
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| 小题13: | | A．satisfying | B．tiresome | C．terrifying | D．attractive |
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| 小题14: | | A．urged | B．forced | C．limited | D．free |
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| 小题15: | | A．fixed | B．hung | C．linked | D．winded |
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| 小题17: | | A．efforts | B．spirits | C．techniques | D．qualities |
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| 小题18: | | A．athletes | B．observers | C．champions | D．sportsmen |
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| 小题19: | | A．But | B．Therefore | C．So | D．Thus |
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| 小题20: | | A．experience | B．give | C．receive | D．want |
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All over the world, and for many different reasons, there are millions of people who rarely or never eat meat. These people are called vegetarians. To people who eat meat, being a vegetarian may seem like a very strange thing, diets for several different reasons.
First, vegetarians have an enormous health advantage. One of the major health problems in modern societies is not too much protein but too much fat, especially in the form of animal fats. Medical evidence suggests that animal fats, including butter, contribute to the development of cholesterol in the human body. High amount of cholesterol seem to be part of the cause of heart disease. Most vegetarians have low level of cholesterol. High amounts of animal fats also seem to lead to certain kinds of cancer, and vegetarians are typically less vulnerable to these cancers than people who eat a lot of meat. Overall, studies comparing the health of vegetarians and meat-eaters show that the meat-eaters are twice as likely to die of heart disease as vegetarians are.
Better health is one reason that people choose to become vegetarians. Another reason is religion. Some religions forbid the eating of meat. The largest of these is the Hindu religion, which has about 600 million believers in the world. Although not all Hindus are vegetarian, many are, and there are many believers of other religions such Buddhism and even some Christian religions that also do not eat meat.
Many vegetarians do not eat meat simply because they do not like the taste of it. They have no religious or philosophical reasons; they just do not like meat. Another important reason that vegetarians give for not eating meat is the health advantages that were given above. Lastly, there are many people who do not eat meat because they just do not like the idea of killing animals for food. They believe that life, all life, is valuable , and that we do not have to destroy life to feed ourselves when there are other good sources of food.
小题1:According to the passage, people choose to be vegetarians for the following reasons EXCEPT________.| A．they want to stay healthy | | B．they are too kind to put the idea of killing animals | | C．they live in areas where meat supply is not adequate | | D．they should not eat meat due to their religious belief |
小题2:Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 2 ?| A．Vegetarians enjoy a more healthy life than the meat eaters. | | B．Heart disease and cancer are caused by large amounts of protein. | | C．There are twice as many meat-eaters as vegetarians who die of cancer. | | D．There are less health problems in modern society due to advanced medical care. |
小题3:What does “vulnerable” mean in Paragraph 2?| A．Having low level of cholesterol. | | B．Having high level of cholesterol. | | C．Having weak ability to resist diseases and harms. | | D．Having strong ability to resist disease and harms. |
小题4:It can be inferred from the passage that __________.| A．being a vegetarian may be a very strange thing | | B．vegetarians eat meat on some special occasions | | C．all vegetarians have reasons for their not eating meat | | D．most vegetarians believe that life without meat is happy. |
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