We can’t live without food. Today our knowledge of food and what it does for our
题型：不详难度：来源：
We can’t live without food. Today our knowledge of food and what it does for our bodies is far more advanced than____1_____of the old times. Now we know____2___vitamins and how each kind of vitamins__3_____in the growth of a special part of our body._____4____ on the market all kinds of vitamins which we can take to______5____our lack of certain important things which are needed for good health.____6____ if we eat well and properly, the food that we eat will ___7____ our bodies and so there is no____8_____to take any kind of vitamins ____9____ our doctors tell us that our bodies are_____10____of something which can be supplied by it. Generally speaking, everything we eat ____11____ some good to our bodies, but if we eat ____12____ of one kind of food and pay______13____attention to others, we may have too much of one kind and not____14____ of others. Then we may be ____15___ trouble. We are often told___16_____ we must eat some meat every day in order to get the necessary proteins. That is only____17____true, for proteins are not found only in meat. We can also get them___18____some vegetables. The best advice about ____19___ to eat is that we should eat all kinds of food____20__ never too much of one kind.
| 小题3: | | A．does | B．makes | C．helps | D．works |
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| 小题4: | | A．There have | B．There are | C．They are | D．They have |
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| 小题5: | | A．have for | B．make for | C．get for | D．make up for |
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| 小题6: | | A．Of course | B．Then | C．But | D．And |
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| 小题7: | | A．attend | B．take care of | C．look for | D．pay attention to |
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| 小题8: | | A．worry | B．possibility | C．need | D．chance |
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| 小题9: | | A．when | B．if | C．unless | D．until |
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| 小题10: | | A．short | B．lost | C．part | D．full |
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| 小题12: | | A．too much | B．too little | C．too few | D．too many |
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| 小题13: | | A．too little | B．too much | C．a little too | D．much too |
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| 小题14: | | A．a little | B．little | C．many | D．enough |
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| 小题17: | | A．likely | B．partly | C．hardly | D．really |
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| 小题19: | | A．what | B．whether | C．why | D．which |
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答案
小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:C
小题4:B
小题5:D
小题6:A
小题7:B
小题8:C
小题9:C
小题10:A
小题11:D
小题12:A
小题13:A
小题14:D
小题15:C
小题16:B
小题17:B
小题18:A
小题19:A
小题20:D |
解析
试题分析：本文介绍了人们吃的食物中含有各种维生素，文中提醒我们吃食物要多样化，不能一种食物吃的太多，而其他的却吃的太少，这样会给自己的身体带来伤害。
小题1:考查代词。因为that可以代替可数名词的单数，也可代替不可数名词，这里用that 代替knowledge故选C。
小题2:考查动词短语及上下文的呼应。know意为“知道；认识；明白”，为及物动词，通常指直接知道或了解某人（某物）。如：
She knows what to do．她明白该做什么。
We have known each other since young．我们从小就认识。
know about意为“了解；知道……的情况”，通常指间接了解某人或某物。如：
Many students want to know about the differences between American English and British English．许多学生想知道美国式英语和英国式英语之间的区别。
know of意为“听说（关于……的事情）；知道”，通常指间接地听说某人或某物。如：
I don"t know the writer， but I know of her．我不认识这个作者，但我听说过她。这里我们了解关于维生素的知识，故选B。
小题3:考查动词及上下文的呼应。help促进 ,我们了解了维生素在我们的身体的成长过程中的起什么样的促进作用，故选C。
小题4:考查动词及上下文的呼应。在市场上有各种维生素故选B。
小题5:考查动词短语及上下文的呼应。make up for 弥补；我们吃维生素来弥补我们缺少的重要的东西，故选D。
小题6:考查短语及上下文的呼应。与上文呼应，当然了，如果我们吃的又好又合适，那么我们所吃的食物将能照顾好我们的身体，故选A。
小题7:考查动词短语及上下文的呼应。take care of照顾，爱护；look for寻找；pay attention to 注意；attend还可表示“伴随”,含“照顾”“陪伴”的意思,陪伴者处于从属地位,有时表示一种服务或礼貌、殷勤,有时表示跟在人或事物的后面而行。作“照顾”解时,主要指专职工作性质的照顾。
attend用作及物动词时接简单宾语,可用于被动结构。用于不及物动词时可接介词to表示“致力于”“注意”“照顾”,接介词on表示“照顾”“伴随”。根据句意故选B。
小题8:考查名词及上下文的呼应。there is noneed to do 没有必要做某事，食物里有我们需要的维生素了，所以我们没有必要再去吃维生素药，故选C。
小题9:考查连词及上下文的呼应。我们没有必要再去吃维生素药，除非医生告诉我们身体里缺乏维生素，故选C。
小题10:考查动词短语及上下文的呼应。be short of 缺乏；我们没有必要再去吃维生素药，除非医生告诉我们身体里缺乏维生素，故选A。
小题11:考查动词短语及上下文的呼应。do good to 对……有益；一般地说，我们吃的东西对我们的身体是有益的，故选D。
小题12:考查短语及上下文的呼应。如果我们吃了某一种太多的食物，那么对于其他的食物就很少了，故选A。
小题13:考查短语及上下文的呼应。如果我们吃了某一种太多的食物，那么对于其他的食物就很少了，故选A。
小题14:考查名词及上下文的呼应。我们也许这种食物摄入太多而另一种则又太少了，故选D。
小题15:考查短语及上下文的呼应。introuble有麻烦；我们也许这种食物摄入太多而另一种则又太少了，这是可能我们的身体会有麻烦，故选C。
小题16:考查宾语从句及上下文的呼应。我们被告知我们每天应该吃肉，以便摄入足够的蛋白质，故选B。
小题17:考查副词及上下文的呼应。根据for proteins are not found only in meat.这种说法不完全对，故选B。
小题18:考查介词及上下文的呼应。get …from 从……得到；我们也能从蔬菜里得到蛋白质，故选A。
小题19:考查连词及上下文的呼应。这里缺少eat的宾语，BCD三个选项都不能作宾语，故选A。
小题20:考查连词及上下文的呼应。我们应该吃各种各样的食物，但是不能吃一种食物太多了，故选D。
点评：一般情况下完形填空题语篇的第一句话和最后一句话都是完整的。针对这个特点，考生应该重点阅读这一头一尾的两个句子。快速阅读全文，掌握全文的大意和主题。在阅读全文时千万不要急于看文章后每个题目的选项，应该对空格所在的上下文仔细阅读，预测可能出现的答案。完成全部问题后应该将答案带入文章再通读全文，核查答案是否合适、正确、尽量少出错误。 |
举一反三
The poorer mental function seen among alcoholics，many of whom also regularly smoke cigarettes，may be partly due to the long term effects of nicotine(尼古丁)，new research suggests.
“People who are also smokers are at a much higher risk，” Dr.Jennifer M.Glass of the University of Michigan"s Addiction Research Center said. In her study，“Cigarette smoking has a bad effect on IQ and thinking，” she said.
This finding may seem counterintuitive(违反直觉的)，since many smokers show that they feel quicker and focused after smoking. Indeed，research shows that improved mental functioning is one of the immediate effects of nicotine exposure. Chronic(慢性的)smoking，however，is known to have the opposite effect. Studies show that up to 87 percent of alcoholics smoke cigarettes.
Yet，few studies have looked into cigarette smoking as a factor that might explain the cognitive(认知的)lack reported among alcoholics. To search for that association，Glass and her colleagues examined brain function among 172 men from the same area，including 103 men who abused alcohol. The team found that men with higher scores on the lifetime alcohol problems scale(LAPS)and those who reported a higher number of pack years of smoking both had lower IQ scores.
Upon further research，the researchers found that smoking also appeared to be independently associated with weaker word and space reasoning.
Thus，though smoking did not account for all of the decreased mental functioning observed among the alcohol abusers，it did seem to account for some of the effects，the report indicates.
小题1:What is the passage mainly about?| A．Cigarette smoking contributes to decreased IQ and thinking. | | B．Alcohol abuse is to blame for the poorer mental function. | | C．Most of the alcoholics are also heavy smokers. | | D．Non-smokers mostly have higher IQ scores. |
小题2:The underline sentence “Chronic smoking, however, is known to have opposite effect” in paragraph 3 suggests:| A．Chronic smoking can improve mental functioning. | | B．Chronic smoking has an immediate influence on mental functioning. | | C．Chronic smoking has side effect on mental functioning improvement. | | D．Chronic smokers feel quicker and focused after smoking. |
小题3:From the passage we can learn that .| A．cigarette smoking is not related to reasoning | | B．nicotine exposure can improve mental functioning temporarily | | C．the long term effects of nicotine cause alcoholics | | D．men with lower scores on the LAPS have lower IQ scores |
小题4:It can be inferred from the passage that .| A．many alcoholics suffer a great deal from smoking | | B．giving up smoking is significantly challenging for the alcoholics | | C．alcoholics who do not smoke much have higher IQ scores | | D．other factors can cause the poorer mental functioning besides smoking |
小题5:The purpose of this passage is .| A．to warn us of the bad effects of smoking on IQ and thinking | | B．to tell us why people are addicted to smoking | | C．to give us some advice on how to improve IQ and reasoning | | D．to compare the bad effects of alcohol and cigarette |
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There is an English saying: “Laughter is the best medicine.” Until recently, few people took the saying seriously. Now, however, doctors have begun to look into (调查) laughter and the effects it has on the human body. They have found that laughter really can improve people’s health. Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watched funny films while doctors checked their heart, blood pressure, breathing and muscles. It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise. It increases blood pressure, the heart beating and breathing; it also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach, and even the feet. If laughter exercises the body, it must be beneficial (有益的).
Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain on the body. In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs. The group that tolerated (忍受) the pain for the longest time was the groups which listened to a funny program. The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce a kind of chemicals in the brain which reduce both stress (紧张；压力) and pain.
As a result of these discoveries, some doctors in the United States now hold laughter clinics (诊所), in which they help to improve their patients’ condition by encouraging them to laugh. They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing, making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter.
小题1:The underlined phrase “took the saying seriously” in the first paragraph probably means “________”.| A．treat the saying as important | B．treat the saying as interesting | | C．treat the saying as dangerous | D．treat the saying as funny |
小题2:The main idea of the passage is _______.| A．laughter and physical exercises have similar effects on the human body | | B．smile can produce the same effects as laughter | | C．pain can be reduced by laughter | | D．laughter is the best medicine |
小题3:Doctors hold laughter clinics _______.| A．to give better condition to their patients | | B．in order to improve patients’ health | | C．to make patients smile | | D．to prove smile and laughter have the same effect |
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How many times have you got upset because someone wasn"t doing his job，because your child isn"t behaving？How many times have you been irritated (恼怒的) when you"ve planned something carefully and things didn"t go as you"d hoped?
This kind of anger and irritation happens to all of us—it’s part of the human experiences.
One thing that irritates me is when people talk during a movie，or cut me off in traffic. Actually, I have a lot of these little annoyances—don"t we all？And it isn’t always easy to find peace when you’ve become upset or irritated.
Let me tell you a little secret to finding peace of mind: see the glass as already broken .
See, the cause of our stress, anger and irritation is that things don"t go the way we like, the way we expect them to. Think of how many times this has been true for you. And so the solution is simple：expect things to go wrong, expect things to be different than we hoped or planned，expect the unexpected to happen. And accept it.
One quick example: on our recent trip to Japan, I told my kids to expect things to go wrong—they always do on a trip. I told them, “See it as part of the adventure.”
And this worked like a charm. When we inevitably(不可避免地) took the wrong train on a foreignlanguage subway system, or when it rained on the day we went to Disney Sea, or when we took three trains and walked 10 blocks only to find the National Children"s Castle closed on Mondays...they said, “It"s part of the adventure！” And it was all OK—we didn"t get too bothered.
So when the nice glass you bought inevitably falls and breaks some day, you might get upset. But things will be different, if you see the glass as already broken, from the day you get it. You know it"ll break some day, so from the beginning, see it as already broken. Be a timetraveler, or someone with timetraveling vision, and see the future of this glass, from this moment until it inevitably breaks. And when it breaks, you won"t be upset or sad—because it was already broken, from the day you got it. And you’ll realize that every moment you have with it is precious.
小题1:The author would probably agree that________.| A．we should control our anger and irritation | | B．we must get well prepared for the future | | C．optimism can help us overcome our anger and irritation | | D．anger and irritation is a natural part of our life |
小题2:The purpose of the author is to________.| A．tell us his own experience in life | | B．advise us how to find peace of mind | | C．tell us a happy trip he took with his children | | D．ask us to see things from both sides |
小题3:By the underlined part (in Para.3), the author tells us to________.| A．get ready for the worst result of things | | B．enjoy the process of things | | C．expect little from life | | D．find the relationship between cause and effect |
小题4:The author’s children could enjoy their trip to Japan because________.| A．everything went smoothly | | B．they had a lot of adventures | | C．they had expected things to go wrong | | D．they could soon get used to the customs there |
小题5:We can learn from the passage that the author________.| A．often gets angry in his life | | B．can adjust his state of mind accordingly | | C．always expects others to act in his way | | D．always suffers from his anger and irritation |
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根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When we think about happiness, we usually think of something extraordinary, a pinnacle (顶点) of sheer (纯粹的) delight. And those pinnacles seem to get rarer the older we get.
1 I remember playing police and robbers in the woods, getting a speaking part in the school play. Of course, kids also experience lows, but their delight at such peaks of pleasure as winning a race or getting a new bike is unreserved.
For teenagers, or people under 20 the concept of happiness changes. 2 I can still feel the pain of not being invited to a party that almost everyone else was going to. I also remember the great happiness of being invited at another event to dance with a very handsome young man.
In adulthood the things that bring great joy—birth, love, marriage—also bring responsibility and the risk of loss. 3 For adults, happiness is complex.
4 But I think a better definition of happiness is “ the ability to enjoy something”. The more we can enjoy what we have, the happier we are. It"s easy to overlook the pleasure we get from loving and being loved, the company of friends, the freedom to live where we please, even good health.
While happiness may be more complex for us, the solution is the same as ever. Happiness isn"t about what happens to us; it’s the ability to find a positive for every negative, and view a difficulty as a challenge. 5 | A．Love may not last; loved ones die. | | B．For a child, happiness has a magic quality. | | C．Happiness is the meaning and the purpose of life. | | D．Being happy doesn’t mean that everything is perfect. |
E. The dictionary defines “happy” as “lucky” or “ fortunate”.
F. It"s not wishing for what we don"t have, but enjoying what we do possess.
G. Suddenly it’s conditional on such things as excitement, love, and popularity. |
An exercise method (Gyrotonics) designed to stretch muscles and improve strength and balance is becoming popular in the United States. Here"s more about Gyrotonics and the man who invented this special form of exercise.
Gyrotonics is a kind of exercise that combines the movements of dancing and swimming with the mental and physical practice called yoga. It helps lengthen muscles, improve balance, and exercise the joints, the parts of the body where bones are joined.
A Hungarian dancer named Juliu Horvath developed this special form of exercise. After he was injured in dancing, Mr. Horvath studied yoga intensely. In the 1980s, he developed a new exercise method as a special kind of yoga to strengthen dancers.
According to Mr. Horvath, his method was based on the octopus(章鱼)，monkey and cat. He says these animals have no restrictions. They can move in any direction the Gyrotonic movements to help the human body move more freely.
A special machine made of wood and weights(砝码) helps guide the body through the Gyrotonics exercises. You sit or lie on a flat board. You put your legs or hands through special cloth handles attached to a line with weights. With the tension created by the weights, you must try to move through the exercises.
Seven kinds of backbone movements form the base of Gyrotonics. For example, you can stretch your back to the left and right or forward and backward. While moving your back, you can also work on arm or leg motions. These movements must be done in a smooth way. Often the motions are circular(圆形的)。
When Juliu Horvath first developed Gyrotonics, he was the only teacher. Since then, he has taught almost 70 trainers. Now, there are more then 800 official schools in the world where you can learn Gyrotonics.
小题1:This passage mainly focuses on _____.| A．A successful life of Horvath | B．A popular kind of exercise | | C．Some advice on health care | D．Some uses of a special machine |
小题2:According to the passage, what made it possible for Horvath to develop Gyrotonics?| A．His dancing-related injury. | B．His failure in practicing yoga. | | C．His good skills of dancing | D．His wish to be a Gyrotonics trainer. |
小题3:What do you think inspired Horvath in developing Gyrotonics?| A．His experience in dancing. | B．His use of a special machine. | | C． The movements of some animals. | D．The ideas from many trainers. |
小题4:What can we learn from the passage?| A．Many Americans have improved their health through Gyrotonics. | | B．In a way, Gyrotonics is an exercise that comes from yoga. | | C．You only have to move your backbone when doing the exercise. | | D．Gyrotonics courses can be found in most countries worldwide. |
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