8.34g FeS04•7H20样品物质的量n=8.34g/278g/mol=0.03mol,其中m(H20)=0.03mol×7×18g/mol=3.78g,如晶体全部失去结晶水,固体的质量应为8.34g-3.78g=4.56g,可知在加热到373℃之前,晶体失去部分结晶水。、 A.温度为78℃时,固体质量为6.72g,其中m(FeS04)=0.03mol×152g/mol=4.56g,m(H20)=6.72g-4.56g=2.16g,n(H20)=2.16g/18g/mol==0.12mol,则n(H20):n(FeS04)=0.12mol:0.03mol=4:1,则化学式为FeSO4•4H2O,故A错误;B.温度为l59℃时,固体质量为5.10g,其中m(FeS04)=0.03mol×152g/mol=4.56g,m(H20)=5.10g-4.56g=0.54g,n(H20)=0.54g/18g/mol=0.03mol,则n(H20):n(FeS04)=0.03mol:0.03mol=1:1,则化学式为FeSO4•H2O,故B错误; C.m(FeS04)=0.03mol×152g/mol=4.56g,则在隔绝空气条件下由N得到P的化学方程式为FeSO4•H2OFeS04+H20,故C错误; D.加热至633℃时,固体的质量为2.40g,其中n(Fe)=n( FeS04•7H20)=0.03mol,m(Fe)=0.03mol×56g/mol=1.68g,则固体中m(O)=2.40g-1.68g=0.72g,n(O)=0.72g/16g/mo=0.045mol,则n(Fe):n(O)=0.03mol:0.045mol=2:3,则固体物质Q的化学式为Fe2O3,故D正确 |