Diana Jacobs thought her family had a workable plan to pay for college for her 2
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Diana Jacobs thought her family had a workable plan to pay for college for her 21yearold twin sons: a combination of savings, income, scholarships, and a modest amount of borrowing. Then her husband lost his job, and the plan fell apart.
“I have two kids in college, and I want to say ‘come home"，but at the same time I want to provide them with a good education，” says Jacobs.
The Jacobs family did work out a solution: They asked and received more aid from the schools, and each son increased his borrowing to the maximum amount through the federal loan (贷款) program. They will each graduate with $20,000 of debt, but at least they will be able to finish school.
With unemployment rising, financial aid administrators expect to hear more families like the Jacobs. More students are applying for aid, and more families expect to need student loans. College administrators are concerned that they will not have enough aid money to go around.
At the same time, tuition(学费)continues to rise. A report from the National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education found that college tuition and fees increased 439% from 1982 to 2007, while average family income rose just 147%. Student borrowing has more than doubled in the last decade.
“If we go on this way for another 25 years, we won"t have an affordable system of higher education，” says Patrick M. Callan, president of the center. “The middle class families have been financing it through debt. They will send kids to college whatever it takes, even if that means a huge amount of debt.”
Financial aid administrators have been having a hard time as many companies decide that student loans are not profitable enough and have stopped making them. The good news, however, is that federal loans account for about three quarters of student borrowing, and the government says that money will flow uninterrupted.
小题1:According to Paragraph 1，why did the plan of Jacobs family fail?| A．The twins wasted too much money. | | B．The father was out of work. | | C．Their saving ran out | | D．The family fell apart. |
小题2:How did the Jacobses manage to solve their problem?| A．They asked their kids to come home. | | B．They borrowed $20,000 from the school. | | C．They encouraged their twin sons to do parttime jobs. | | D．They got help from the school and the federal government. |
小题3:Financial aid administrators believe that ________.| A．more families will face the same problem as the Jacobses | | B．the government will receive more letters of complaint | | C．college tuition fees will double soon | | D．America"s unemployment will fall |
小题4:．What can we learn about the middle class families from the text? | A．They blamed the government for the tuition increase. | | B．Their income remained steady in the last decade. | | C．They will try their best to send kids to college. | | D．Their debts will be paid off within 25 years |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:D
小题3:A
小题4:C |
解析
小题1:答案 B [推理判断题。第一段提到Diana Jacobs的家庭本来有一个可行的计划可以支付两个双胞胎儿子的大学费用，可由于丈夫的失业计划瓦解了。]
小题2:答案 D [推理判断题。第三段指出解决方案(solution)是向学校索求更多的援助，每个儿子增加贷款到最大额度。如原文“They asked and received more aid from the schools, and each son increased his borrowing to the maximum amount through the federal loan (贷款) program.”，也即是选项D。]
小题3:答案 A [细节理解题。由第四段“expect to hear more families like the Jacobs”可以得知财政援助的管理员们预期会看到更多像Jacobs一家的情况，同义转换即选项A。而B、D原文没有提到，C 从第五段“Student borrowing has more than doubled in the last decade”，可知在过去10年里已经长了一倍还多，因此是错的。]
小题4:答案 C [推理判断题。从第六段最后一句话“They will send kids to college whatever it takes, even if that means a huge amount of debt.”可知，无论需要什么他们都会送孩子去上大学，即使那意味着大笔的债务。] |
举一反三
A person may have an idea about himself that will prevent him from doing good work. He may have the belief that he is not capable (有能力的) of it. A child may think he is ___ because he doesn"t understand how to make the ____ of his mental faculties (才能). Older people may be mistaken that they are incapable of learning new things because of their ____.
A person who believes that he is incapable will not make a real ____ because he feels that it would be useless. He won"t go at a job with the confidence necessary for ___， and he won"t work his hardest way, even though he may think he is doing so. He is ____ likely to fail, and the failure will ____ his belief in his incompetence (无能)．
Alfred Alder, a famous doctor, had ____ like this. When he was a small boy, he had a poor ___ in maths. His teacher told his parents he had no ability in maths in order that they would not ____ too much of him. In his way, they two ____ the idea. He accepted ____ mistaken thinking of his ability, felt that it was useless ____ and was very poor at maths, ____ as they expected.
One day he worked at a problem which ____ of the other students had been able to solve.
Alder ___ in solving the problem. This gave him confidence. He now ___ with interest, determination and purpose, and he soon became especially good at maths. He not only ____ that he could learn maths well, but luckily he learnt ____ in his life from his own experience that if a person goes at a job with determination and purpose, he may ____himself as well as others by his ability.
| 小题1: | | A．clever | B．shy | C．useless | D．stupid |
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| 小题2: | | A．biggest | B．most | C．highest | D．deepest |
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| 小题3: | | A．ability | B．age | C．brain | D．knowledge |
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| 小题4: | | A．decision | B．success | C．effort | D．trouble |
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| 小题5: | | A．work | B．study | C．improvement | D．success |
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| 小题6: | | A．truly | B．really | C．however | D．therefore |
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| 小题7: | | A．lead to | B．strengthen | C．increase | D．add to |
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| 小题8: | | A．an experience | B．an example | C．a thought | D．a story |
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| 小题9: | | A．state | B．mind | C．start | D．ending |
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| 小题10: | | A．blame | B．expect | C．get | D．win |
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| 小题11: | | A．developed | B．organized | C．discovered | D．found |
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| 小题13: | | A．managing | B．succeeding | C．trying | D．acting |
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| 小题14: | | A．only | B．almost | C．just | D．then |
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| 小题15: | | A．none | B．no | C．no one | D．nobody |
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| 小题16: | | A．gave | B．succeeded | C．failed | D．believed |
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| 小题17: | | A．lived | B．worked | C．played | D．graduated |
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| 小题18: | | A．made | B．took | C．expected | D．proved |
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| 小题19: | | A．early | B．deeply | C．late | D．simple |
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| 小题20: | | A．encourage | B．love | C．astonish | D．disappoint |
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My uncle has a very beautiful umbrella. He has had it ____ and he is very careful with it. It still looks as good as new. “That umbrella must have ____ you a great deal of money, Uncle，” I said to him one day. “No，” he replied, “____.” “Was it a present？” I asked again. “No，” said he. “Then how did you get it？” I asked.
“Well，” he answered, “it is a strange true story. About ten years ago I was walking along a quiet London street one evening ____ it suddenly rained. I had no ___ and no umbrella. No buses ____that street and there were no taxis in sight. As I was on my way to a party I didn"t want to get ___.So I stood in a doorway and waited for the rain to stop. By and by it grew quite ____， there wasn"t a person around，and still it rained and rained.____ a young man came to the place where I was standing, ____ a large umbrella over his head. As I hoped he would ____ me to walk to the next corner with him, ___ I could have got a taxi，I stepped ____ the dark doorway where I had been standing, and said, ‘____， where are you going with that umbrella？’
____ by my sudden appearance, the young man ____ the umbrella which I am afraid, he had just stolen, ran away, and ___ into the darkness. I picked up the umbrella and ____ my walk. I knew it would be ____ in this big city to try and discover the owner and so I"ve kept it ____.”
| 小题1: | | A．for months | B．for years | | C．since childhood | D．since then |
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| 小题2: | | A．used | B．cost | C．taken | D．spent |
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| 小题3: | | A．very little | B．only a few pounds | | C．not a penny | D．not a great deal |
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| 小题5: | | A．car | B．hat | C．raincoat | D．friend |
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| 小题6: | | A．moved through | B．ran through | | C．went across | D．passed across |
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| 小题8: | | A．dark | B．wet | C．late | D．helpless |
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| 小题9: | | A．At once | B．At last | C．Strangely | D．Secretly |
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| 小题10: | | A．raising | B．carrying | C．holding | D．lifting |
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| 小题11: | | A．allow | B．let | C．agree | D．promise |
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| 小题12: | | A．there | B．where | C．from which | D．in which |
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| 小题13: | | A．into | B．out of | | C．towards | D．from behind |
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| 小题14: | | A．By the way | B．Pardon | C．Excuse me | D．Sorry |
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| 小题15: | | A．Encouraged | B．Forced | | C．Warmed | D．Frightened |
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| 小题16: | | A．shut | B．took | C．dropped | D．forgot |
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| 小题17: | | A．disappeared | B．wandered | C．marched | D．came |
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| 小题18: | | A．stopped | B．started | C．continued | D．delayed |
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| 小题19: | | A．endless | B．interesting | C．exciting | D．hopeless |
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| 小题20: | | A．ever since | B．forever | C．long enough | D．in the end |
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In the fall of 1985，I was a brighteyed girl heading off to Howard University, aiming at a legal career and dreaming of sitting on a Supreme Court bench somewhere. Twentyone years later I am later I am still a brighteyed dreamer and one with quite a different tale to tell.
My grandma, an amazing woman, graduated from college at the age of 65. She was the first in our family to reach that goal. But one year after I started college, she developed cancer. I made the choice to withdraw from college to care for her. It meant that school and my personal dream would have to wait.
Then I got married with another dream: building my family with a combination of adopt and biological children. In 1999, we adopted our first son. To lay eyes on him was fantastic...and very emotional. A year later came our second adopted boy. Then followed son No. 3. In 2003, I gave birth to another boy.
You can imagine how fully occupied I became, raising four boys under the age of 8！Our home was a complete zoo...a joyous zoo. Not surprising, I never did make it back to college fulltime. But I never gave up on the dream either. I had only one choice: to find a way. That meant talking as few as one class each semester.
The hardest part was feeling guilty about the time I spent away from the boys. They often wanted me to stay home with them. There certainly were times I wanted to quit.But I knew I should set an example for them to follow through the rest of their lives.
In 2007, I graduated from the University of North Carolina. It took me over 21 years to get my college degree!
I am not special, just singleminded. It always struck me that when you"re looking at a big challenge from the outside it looks huge, but when you"re in the midst of it, it just seems normal. Everything you want won"t arrive in your life on one day. It"s a process. Remember；little steps add up to big dreams.
小题1:When the author went to Howard University, her dream was to be ________.| A．a writer | B．a teacher | C．a judge | D．a doctor |
小题2:Why did the author quit school in her second year of college?| A．She wanted to study by herself. | | B．She fell in love and got married. | | C．She suffered from a serious illness. | | D．She decided to look after her grandma. |
小题3:What can we learn about the author from Paragraphs 4 and 5?| A．She was busy yet happy with her family life. | | B．She ignored her guilty feeling for her sons. | | C．She wanted to remain a fulltime housewife. | | D．She was too confused to make a correct choice. |
小题4:What does the author mostly want to tell us in the last paragraph?| A．Failure is the mother of success. | | B．Little by little，one goes far. | | C．Every coin has two sides. | | D．Well begun, half done. |
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The American newspaper publisher Arthur Sulzberger Sr died at the age of 86.Mr Sulzberger led The New York Times for more than three decades，before passing the business to his son.He took over the paper in 1963 when it was in financial trouble，and transformed it into the heart of a multibillion dollar media empire.
His family announced he had died at his home in Southampton，New York State，after a long illness.His son，Arthur Sulzberger Jr，said in a statement that his father，whom he referred to by his childhood nickname of Punch，was “one of our industry’s most admired executives”．“Punch，the old Marine captain who never backed down from a fight，was an absolutely fierce defender of the freedom of the press，” he said.
The New York Times was bought by Mr Sulzberger Sr’s grandfather Adolph Ochs in 1896.During Mr Sulzberger’s tenure，The New York Times won 31 Pulitzer prizes.
Born in New York City,5 February 1926，Sr served in Marine Corps during World War Ⅱ and Korean War，joined The New York Times in 1951 after graduating from Columbia College，took over as publisher in 1963 after his brotherinlaw died suddenly，stepped down in 1997 and passed stewardship to his son，Arthur Sulzberger Jr.
He oversaw a huge circulation boost at the paper，and increased its parent company’s annual revenues (年收入) from $100m in 1963 to $1.7bn by the time he stepped down in 1997.He also led the paper through highlevel clashes with the political establishment.In 1971，The Times published a series of stories saying that politicians had systematically lied over the US involvement in Vietnam.The source was thousands of leaked government documents known as the Pentagon Papers.The Nixon administration demanded that the paper stop publishing the stories on grounds of national security.But the paper refused，and then won the subsequent court case by arguing that the First Amendment of the US Constitution (宪法) guaranteed free speech.The case is seen as a landmark in the history of free speech in the US.Mr Sulzberger said he read more than 7,000 pages of the Pentagon Papers before personally deciding to publish them.
His family still holds a controlling stake (控股权) in The New York Times.He was a strong believer in family ownership of newspapers.He once joked：“My conclusion is simple.Nepotism works.”
小题1:When did Arthur Sulzberger Sr die?| A．In 1997. | B．In 2012. | | C．In 1963. | D．In 1971. |
小题2:Punch，the old Marine captain was actually________.| A．Arthur Sulzberger Jr | | B．Adolph Ochs | | C．Arthur Sutzberger Sr’s father | | D．Arthur Sulzberger Sr |
小题3:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?| A．Arthur Sulzberger Sr took over The New York Times from his brotherinlaw. | | B．Arthur Sulzberger Jr’s grandfather bought The New York Times. | | C．Arthur Sulzberger Sr resigned when The New York Times was in financial trouble. | | D．Arthur Sulzberger Jr took over The New York Times after graduating from Columbia College. |
小题4:In the political case in the 1970s，Mr Sulzberger________.| A．failed the case in the end | | B．lost the controlling stake in The New York Times | | C．gave in to the government | | D．succeeded in guarding free speech of the paper |
小题5:What does the underlined word “Nepotism” probably refer to?| A．Friendship. | B．Politics. | | C．Family ownership | D．Freedom of speech. |
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Lilly was a French Canadian girl who grew up in the farming community.When she was 16，her father____her to drop out of school to contribute to the family income.With English as her second language and____education，the____didn’t look bright for Lilly.
Lilly’s father was a stubborn man who___took “no” for an answer.He____Lilly to find a job.With small hope of gaining____，each day she would just ride to the city，walk____about and return home at dusk.
On one of her____，Lilly saw a sign at a big company.___，she knocked on the very first door.In her____English，Lilly told the office manager she was interested in the secretarial position.The manager ____to give the girl a chance.He directed her to type a letter，and then____.Lilly looked at the clock and saw it was 11∶40 am.She thought everyone would be leaving for____at noon，when she could____away in the crowd.But she knew she should____the letter.
On her first try，Lilly____one line of five words and made four mistakes.On her second attempt，she completed a full paragraph，but still made many mistakes.She looked at the clock：11∶55—five minutes to____.Just then the manager walked in.He came directly to Lilly，read the letter and said，“Lilly，you’re doing____work！”
With those simple words of encouragement，her desire to escape disappeared and her____began to grow.Lilly thought，“Well，if he thinks it’s good，then it must be good.I think I’ll stay！” Lilly did stay—all because someone had given a____and uncertain girl the gift of selfconfidence when she knocked on the door.
| 小题1: | | A．reminded | B．forced | | C．encouraged | D．helped |
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| 小题2: | | A．poor | B．formal | | C．good | D．modern |
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| 小题3: | | A．advice | B．promise | | C．future | D．change |
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| 小题4: | | A．always | B．usually | | C．sometimes | D．rarely |
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| 小题5: | | A．warned | B．told | | C．allowed | D．begged |
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| 小题6: | | A．employment | B．experience | | C．judgment | D．independence |
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| 小题7: | | A．carefully | B．happily | | C．aimlessly | D．rapidly |
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| 小题8: | | A．steps | B．trips | | C．purposes | D．choices |
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| 小题9: | | A．Bravely | B．Proudly | | C．Calmly | D．Cautiously |
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| 小题10: | | A．broken | B．perfect | | C．written | D．fluent |
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| 小题11: | | A．refused | B．decided | | C．pretended | D．failed |
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| 小题12: | | A．stopped | B．continued | | C．left | D．sighed |
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| 小题13: | | A．lunch | B．life | | C．fun | D．luck |
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| 小题14: | | A．break | B．slip | | C．pass | D．drive |
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| 小题15: | | A．read | B．write | | C．attempt | D．deliver |
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| 小题16: | | A．went over | B．picked up | | C．gave away | D．got through |
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| 小题17: | | A．freedom | B．success | | C．discussion | D．reward |
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| 小题18: | | A．terrible | B．excellent | | C．honest | D．easy |
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| 小题19: | | A．belief | B．patience | | C．confidence | D．strength |
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| 小题20: | | A．shy | B．lonely | | C．selfless | D．modest |
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