There are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process
题型：不详难度：来源：
There are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process．People have generally viewed personal growth as an external（外部的） result or product that can easily be identified and measured．The worker who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language--- all these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts．
By contrast, the process of personal growth is much more difficult to determine, since by definition it is a journey and not the specific signposts or landmarks along the way．The process is not the road itself, but rather the attitudes and feelings people have, their caution or courage, as they go through new experiences and unexpected obstacles．In this process, the journey never really ends; there are always new ways to experience the world, new ideas to try, new challenges to accept．
In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have a willingness to take risks, to be faced with the unknown, and to accept the possibility that they may “fail” at first．How we see ourselves as we try a new way of being is essential to our ability to grow．
These feelings of insecurity and self – doubt are both unavoidable and necessary if we are to change and grow．If we do not face and overcome these internal fears and doubts, if we protect ourselves too much, then we cease to grow．We become trapped inside a shell of our own making．
小题1:A person is generally believed to achieve personal growth when______．．| A．he has given up his smoking habit | | B．he has made great efforts in his work | | C．he is interested in making anything new | | D．he has tried to determine where he is on his journey |
小题2:In the author’s eyes, one who views personal growth as a process would______．| A．judge his ability to grow from his own achievements | | B．succeed in climbing up the social ladder | | C．face difficulties and take up challenges | | D．aim high and reach his goal each time |
小题3:When the author says “a new way of being” （para．3）, he is referring to _____．| A．a new way of taking risks | | B．a new approach to experiencing the world | | C．a new system of adapting to change | | D．a new method of finding ourselves |
小题4:For personal growth, the author may not support __________． ．| A．curiosity and more chances | | B．being quick in self – adaptation | | C．open – minded to new experiences | | D．avoidance of internal fears and doubts |
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答案
小题1:A
小题2:C
小题3:B
小题4:D |
解析
试题分析：本文是关于对人的成长的两种不同的看法：一种把人的成长看成是结果；一种是过程。
小题1:A 推理题。一个被认为是实现了个人成长的人应该从结果上来看是取得成功的人，故选项中只有A项表示的是结果，故A项符合题目要求。
小题2:C 细节题。根据第二段最后两行In this process, the journey never really ends; there are always new ways to experience the world, new ideas to try, new challenges to accept说明在这个过程里，他们会遇见很多的挑战和困难，他们会勇敢面对，故C正确。
小题3:B 推理题。根据本段前2行In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have a willingness to take risks, to be faced with the unknown说明是关于我们面对一些新的事物的时候的问题，也就是我们在尝试新的方式方法，故B正确。
小题4:D 推理题。根据文章最后3行If we do not face and overcome these internal fears and doubts, if we protect ourselves too much, then we cease to grow．We become trapped inside a shell of our own making．说明如果我们不敢面对这些困难，不敢克服这些困难，我们就会被困在自己的贝壳里，无法取得成功，也就是说作者是反对那些不敢勇敢面对困难的人。故D项符合上下文。
点评：本文比较抽象，要求考生有较强的理解力。测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。 |
举一反三
London, Reuters--What could annoy teenagers enough to make them stop hanging out with friends and go home？
No, it"s not a visit from their mothers, and not a threat to take away their cellphones or pocket money.
It"s high-frequency noise. The UK police recently agreed to use a device (装置) called the Sonic Teenager Deterrent. It sends out a sound that makes teenagers become so impatient and angry that they have to cover their ears tightly and walk away.
The sound is at extreme high-pitch that can be heard by those under 20. The body"s natural ability to detect some wave bands decreases almost entirely after 20, so few adults can hear the sounds. The black-box device, nicknamed the Mosquito because of its sound, can be fixed to the outside walls of shops, offices and homes. It sounds to youngsters like a crazy insect or a badly played violin. But it causes no physical damage.
A number of police forces and councils have given permission to use the system and want to install (安装) it at trouble spots.
Staffordshire Police Inspector Amanda Davies, who has given the device to shopkeepers in the Moorlands area, said," It is controlled by the shopkeepers--if they can see through their window that there is a problem, they turn the device on for a while until the group has run away."
小题1:The device can be used to _______.| A．threaten teenagers in public | | B．drive away trouble-makers under 20 | | C．help mothers control their teenage children | | D．help the police control shopkeepers |
小题2:From the passage we can know that _______.| A．young people often suffer from pains in ears | | B．shopkeepers are troubled by noisy insects | | C．high-frequency noise is beyond the listening ability of people over 20 | | D．the police invented a new device to deal with teenagers |
小题3:The purpose of the writer to write the passage is ______.| A．to advertise a new hi-tech device | | B．to tell the reader a piece of news | | C．to sell the device to shopkeepers | | D．to inform the public as the spokesman of the police |
小题4:Who will welcome the device most?| A．Shopkeepers. | B．The police. | C．Young people. | D．The producer. |
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New York, the city that never sleeps, fell silent last week—schools were closed; bus and subway services were stopped; flights were canceled, and even the stock market closed for the first time since 1985. All the disorder was caused by one thing, the arrival of hurricane Sandy.
This big storm landed on Oct 29 on the US east coast and brought damaging winds, flooding, blackouts (停电) and heavy snow.
Sandy is one of the largest storms that have ever hit the US, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. By the afternoon of Nov1 (Beijing time), about 140 deaths were caused by the storm as it traveled across the Caribbean islands and into the US.
Unlike most hurricanes that happen during summer, Sandy was strengthened not only by warm ocean water, but also by the cold air coming from the northwest. Sandy’s power grew because of the difference in masses between the warm and wet air and cool and dry air. It became a kind of “super-storm”, the Guardian reported.
The flooding was particularly severe. Scientists said it was because Sandy’s arrival happened together with a full moon, which normally means higher-than-usual tides (潮水).
“The most worrying aspect of Sandy is the high tides,” Rhode Island Governor Lincoln Chafee told Reuters before the storm arrived. “With the full moon on Monday, with Sandy coming up the bay, we’re very concerned about flooding in our low-lying coastal areas.”
Apart from the power of Sandy itself, another reason why her arrival has caused so much damage is that its target area is crowded with big cities such as New York and Philadelphia. These urban areas are home to tens of millions of people. The flood, the snow and the blackout have brought the country’s financial and political centers to a stop.
“The size of this alone, affecting a heavily populated area, is history making.” Said Jeff Masters, a hurricane specialist.
小题1:The author mentioned the disorder in New York city at the beginning of the article to _______.| A．remind us of the problems people might face when disaster strikes | | B．introduce the disastrous influence of hurricane Sandy | | C．criticize the poor management of the city by the New York government | | D．prove New York suffered most from hurricane Sandy |
小题2:According to the text, hurricane Sandy _______.| A．only got its power from the warm ocean water | | B．grew stronger than other hurricanes because of the full moon | | C．led to flooding in many cities around the US | | D．brought with it strong winds, high tides, blackouts and heavy snowfall |
小题3:From the article, we learn that areas hurricane Sandy targeted _______.| A．were mostly high land | | B．were mostly near the sea | | C．were far away from important cities | | D．were empty as people were evacuated (疏散) |
小题4:What is the main point of the article?| A．To show how a super-storm comes into being. | | B．To explain why hurricane Sandy was so destructive. | | C．To show that big cities in the US are easily affected by huge hurricanes. | | D．To explore the best ways to avoid loss when a hurricane hits. |
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For 40 years, the people of London have been happy to discover in their parks a bird that seems to have made its way from the Himalayas to the capital of England. With its shocking green body, red mouth, long tail and noisy screech(尖叫), the rose-ringed parakeet (长尾小鹦鹉) brought a vivid colour to parks in and around London.
However, the parakeets are no longer welcome. The government has suddenly woken up to the fact that there are many more parakeets in and around London making life harder for the local bird population. Government experts put the number of parakeets at around 30,000. They fear that if the number of parakeets keeps rising, these birds will push out local birds like wood-peckers, starlings and nuthatches from trees to build their own nests.
Not only that. According to an online report by The Independent, the parakeets will then also get control of most of the food available in the parks — seeds, berries, fruit and nuts. The local bird population will then have a hard time staying alive. An organization called the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) has asked the government to investigate (调查) what kind of a threat the parakeet brings to local birds. If the government decides that these birds are indeed a threat to local birds, steps will be taken to control the number of parakeets.
The most surprising thing about the case of the rose-ringed parakeet is that no one quite knows how the parakeets came from India and started breeding (繁殖) in areas around London.
小题1:Parakeets are no longer welcome mainly because ______.| A．the local birds are being driven out | | B．the government doesn’t like the birds | | C．they are a threat to people’s health | | D．people have a great fear of this kind of birds |
小题2:According to an online report by The Independent, ______.| A．the parakeets’ future threat is impossible | | B．the number of the parakeets is around 3,000 | | C．the parakeets should fly back to the Himalayas | | D．the local birds won’t have enough food |
小题3:People are not certain ______.| A．where the parakeets live | | B．how the parakeets breed | | C．how they flew to London | | D．when they started living in London |
小题4:The best title for this passage would be _____.| A．Help the parakeets | B．Pretty birds have trouble | | C．Birds invade London | D．Pretty birds |
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TOKYO - Japan is considering plans to calm tensions（紧张）with China by acknowledging(承认) Chinese claims to the disputed islands in the East China Sea, while maintaining its own position, Kyodo News cited sources as saying on Tuesday.
The report said that the plans would allow Japan, without changing its long-held position, to compromise a little with China, which has called on Tokyo to acknowledge the existence(存在) of a dispute（冲突）over the Chinese Diaoyu Islands, referred to as Senkaku Islands in Japan.
Japan has refused to rescind its recent purchase（购买） in mid-September of three of the five Diaoyu islands from a so-called private Japanese owner, which the government says was meant to maintain（继续）the uninhabited islands in a stable manner, despite China"s strong protest.
It remains uncertain, however, whether China would be encouraged by the Japanese step to improve the tensioned ties, said Kyodo.
小题1:The passage may come from___________.| A．a magazine | B．a newspaper | C．a textbook | D．a map |
小题2:From the passage we can know________.| A．Japan will give in. | | B．China is against Japan’s purchase of Diaoyu islands. | | C．The problem between China and Japan has been settled. | | D．China is the owner of Diaoyu islands. |
小题3:What does the underlined word mean?| A．agree | B．give up | C．compete | D．change |
小题4:What is the writer’s attitude?| A．He supports China. | B．He supports Japan. | | C．He doesn’t have his own attitude. | D．He dare not show his attitude. |
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Someday a stranger will read your e-mail without your permission or scan the website you’ve visited or perhaps someone will casually glance through your credit card purchases or cell phone bills to find out your shopping calling habits
In fact, it’s likely that some of these things have already happened to you. Who would watch you without your permission? It might be a spouse, a girlfriend, a marketing company, a boss, a cop or a criminal. Whoever it is, they will see you in a way you never intended to be seen.
Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy, that it’s important to reveal yourself partly to friends, family and lovers at appropriate times. But few boundaries remain. The digital bread crumbs you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to know who you are, where you are and what you like. In some cases, a simple Google search can reveal what you think. Like it or not, increasingly we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret.
The key question is: Does that matter?
For many Americans, the answer apparently is “no”.
When opinion polls ask Americans about privacy, most say they are concerned about losing it. 60 percent of respondents say they feel their privacy is “slipping away, and that bothers me”.
But people say one thing and do another. Only a small number of Americans change any behavior in an effort to preserve their privacy. Few people turn down a discount at tollbooths to avoid using the EZ-Pass system that can track automobile movements. Privacy economist Acquisti has run a series of tests that reveal people will give up personal information like social security numbers just to get their hands on a 50-cents-off coupon. But privacy does matter－at least sometimes. It’s like health: when you have it, you don’t notice it. Only when it’s gone do you wish you’d done more to protect it.
小题1:What would psychologists advise on the relationships between friends?| A．Friends should open their hearts to each other. | | B．Friends should always be faithful to each other. | | C．There should be a distance even between friends. | | D．There should be fewer arguments between friends. |
小题2:Why does the author say “we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret”?| A．Modern society has finally developed into an open society. | | B．People leave traces around when using modern technology. | | C．There are always people who are curious about others’ affairs. | | D．Many search engines profit by revealing people’s identities. |
小题3:According to the passage, privacy is like health in that _____.| A．people will make every effort to keep it | | B．its importance is hardly understood | | C．It is something that can easily be lost | | D．people don’t value it until they lose it |
小题4:What would be the best title for the passage?| A．Value your health. | | B．Treasure your privacy. | | C．Boundaries are important between friends. | | D．The information age has its own shortcomings. |
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