阅读理解。 Before a new type of airplane goes into service, every part of it is t
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| 阅读理解。 |
Before a new type of airplane goes into service, every part of it is tested again and again. But there are two
tests that are more important than all the others.
The first is called the "tank test". A modern airplane must fly very high in the sky. Air must be pumped into
the plane so that the passengers can breathe. The metal structure (结构) of the plane has to be very strong for
this reason. When the plane is filled with air, the air presses against the skin of the plane inside. The pressure
(压力) on a small window is like a huge foot that is trying to get out. If a small part of the plane were to fail,
the plane would explode in the sky. To test the structure of the plane, the plane is lowered into a huge tank or
container of water. Then it is filled with air. The pressure inside the plane is greater than it ever will be when it
is high up in the air. Finally, there is an explosion. This does not cause so much damage inside the water tank
as it would anywhere else. Engineers can discover which part of the plane has broken. Then that part is made
stronger.
The most dangerous test happens when the new plane is going through test flights in the air. The test pilot
must find out exactly what happens when the engines (发动机) are all shut off at once. The plane begins to
fall like a stone. It is the pilot"s job to find out how he can get control of the plane again. These two tests are
examples of how planes are made safe before they ever carry passengers. |
| 1. By doing the "tank test", the engineers can find out _____. |
| [ ] |
A. the power of the airplane engines
B. the amount of air in the plane
C. the strength of the plane structure
D. the pressure inside and outside the plane |
| 2. What will happen to the plane under the "tank test"? |
| [ ] |
A. It will be tested by pilots.
B. It will be broken.
C. It will be made stronger.
D. It will be filled with water. |
| 3. According to the text, why are test flights most dangerous? |
| [ ] |
A. Too much air may get into the plane.
B. The plane may explode in the air.
C. The pilot may lose control of the plane.
D. The engines may be damaged. |
| 4. What might be the most suitable title for the text? |
| [ ] |
A. How Airplanes Are Made and Tested
B. Two Important Tests on Airplanes
C. The Importance of Flying Safely
D. The Danger of Testing Airplanes |
答案
| 1-4: CBCB |
举一反三
| 阅读理解。 |
Most people feel lonely sometimes, but it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. This
kind of loneliness is not serious. In fact, it is quite normal. For some people, though, loneliness can last for
years. Now researchers say there are three different types of loneliness.
The first kind of loneliness is temporary (暂时的). This is the most common type. It usually disappears
quickly and does not require any special attention. The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result
of a particular situation-for example, a family problem, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place.
Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually
does not last for more than a year. The third kind of loneliness is the most severe. Unlike the second type,
chronic (长期的) loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. People who
experience habitual loneliness have problems socializing and becoming close to others. Unfortunately, many
chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition.
Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons: they are unhappy
and unable to socialize and there is a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illness such as heart
disease. While temporary and situational loneliness can be a normal, healthy part of life, chronic loneliness can
be a very sad, and sometimes dangerous condition. |
| 1. How would you treat temporary loneliness according to the passage? |
| [ ] |
A. Talk to friends.
B. Just ignore it.
C. Go to see a doctor.
D. Ask your teachers for guidance. |
| 2. "It" in the last sentence of the second paragraph refers to _____. |
| [ ] |
A. temporary loneliness
B. situational loneliness
C. a new place
D. sleeplessness |
| 3. Why do psychologists want to help chronically lonely people? |
| [ ] |
A. Chronic loneliness can cause family problems.
B. Chronic loneliness can cause serious illness.
C. Chronic loneliness can not be overcome.
D. Such people are harmful to society. |
| 4. What is the best title for the passage? |
| [ ] |
A. Three kinds of loneliness
B. Loneliness and Diseases
C. Loneliness and Social Contacts
D. Chronic Loneliness |
| 阅读理解。 |
When we can see well, we do not think about our eyes often. It is only when we can not see perfectly
that we come to see how important our eyes are. People who are nearsighted can only see things that are
very close to their eyes. Many people who do a lot of close work, such as writing and reading, become
nearsighted. Then they have to wear glasses in order to see distant things clearly.
People who are farsighted face just the opposite problem. They can see things that are far away, but
they have difficulty reading a book unless they hold it at arm"s length. If they want to do much reading,
they must get glasses too.
Other people do not see clearly because their eyes are not exactly the right shape. This, too, can be
corrected by glasses. Some people"s eyes become cloudy because of cataracts. Long ago these people
often became blind. Now, however, it is possible to operate on the cataracts and remove them.
When night falls, colors become fainter to the eyes and finally disappear. After your eyes have grown
used to the dark, you can see better if you use the side of your eyes rather than the centers. Sometimes,
after dark, you see a small thing to one side of you, which seems to disappear if you turn your head in its
direction. This is because when you turn your head, you are looking at the thing too directly. Men on guard
duty sometimes think they see something moving to one side of them. When they turn to look straight at it,
they can not see it any more, and they believe they were mistaken. However, this mistake happens because
the center of the eye, which is very sensitive in daylight, is not as sensitive as the sides of the eye after dark. |
| 1. We don"t know that our eyes are of great importance until _____. |
| [ ] |
A. we think about our eyes
B. we cannot see clearly
C. we wear glasses
D. we have to do much reading |
| 2. According to the passage, a _____ is more likely to be nearsighted. |
| [ ] |
A. student
B. doctor
C. guard
D. painter |
| 3. People who are farsighted _____. |
| [ ] |
A. can do a lot of close work without glasses
B. can only see things that are very close to their eyes
C. have difficulty reading a book if they hold it at arm"s length
D. can correct their eyes by glasses |
| 4. To see a small thing at night, it is better to look _____. |
| [ ] |
A. with wide open eyes
B. with half shut or narrowed eyes
C. straight at it
D. in a slightly different direction |
| 阅读理解。 |
Laptop computers are popular all over the world. People use them on trains and airplanes, in airports and
hotels. These laptops connect people to their workplace. In the United States today, laptops also connect
students to their classrooms.
Westlake College in Virginia will start a laptop computer program that allows students to do schoolwork
anywhere they want. Within five years, each of the 1500 students at the college will receive a laptop. The
laptops are part of a ＄10 million computer program at Westlake, a 110-year-old college. The students with
laptops will also have access to the Internet. In addition, they will be able to use e-mail to "speak" with their
teachers, their classmates, and their families. However, the most important part of the laptop program is that
students will be able to use computers without going to computer labs. They can work with it at home, in a
fast-food restaurant or under the trees-anywhere at all!
Because of the many changes in computer technology, laptop use in higher education, such as colleges
and universities, is workable. As laptops become more powerful, they become more similar to desktop
computers. In addition, the portable computers can connect students to not only the Internet, but also libraries
and other resources. State higher-education officials are studying how laptops can help students. State
officials are also testing laptop programs at other universities, too.
At Westlake College, more than 60 percent of the staff use computers. The laptops will allow all teachers
to use computers in their lessons. As one Westlake teacher said, "Here we are in the middle of Virginia and
we"re giving students a window on the world.They can see everything and do everything." |
| 1. The main purpose of the laptop program is to give each student a laptop to _____. |
| [ ] |
A. use for their schoolwork
B. access the Internet
C. work at home
D. connect them to libraries |
| 2. Why is the word "speak" in the second paragraph in quotation marks (引号)? |
| [ ] |
A. They don"t really talk.
B. They use the computer language.
C. Laptops have speakers.
D. None of the above reasons is correct. |
| 3. Which of the following is true about Westlake College? |
| [ ] |
A. All teachers use computers.
B. 1500 students have laptops.
C. It is an old college in America.
D. Students there can do everything. |
| 4. A window on the world in the last paragraph means that students can _____. |
| [ ] |
A. attend lectures on information technology
B. travel around the world
C. get information from around the world
D. have free laptops |
| 阅读理解。 |
American and British researchers have proved that judgments based on how someone looks are important.
They found that appearance tells a lot about your personality.
The researchers included Laura Naumann of Sonoma State University in California, and Simine Vazire of
Washington University in Saint Louis, Missouri. They were joined by Sam Gosling of the University of Texas
at Austin and Peter J. Rentfrow of Britain"s Cambridge University. The results of their study were published in
the Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin in December, 2009.
The subjects (接受实验者) were asked to judge the personality of people they had never met. The judges
examined pictures of one hundred twenty-three people. The people in the photographs had been told how to
stand. They looked into the cameras without showing their feelings. The same people also were photographed
the way they themselves wanted to stand. Those who wanted to smile could smile.
Then the judges attempted to decide what the people were like. The researchers compared the judges"
opinions with the way the people who were photographed thought of themselves. Three people who knew
those in the photographs well also provided information about their personality and behavior.
The judges looked for ten qualities in the people in the pictures. The qualities included extroversion (having
a confident character and enjoying the company of other people) and self-esteem (being satisfied with oneself).
The judges also looked for signs of loneliness, conscientiousness (正义), emotional control and religious
and political beliefs.
The researchers said the judges could identify some personalities even when people were pictured in
controlled positions. They could recognize personalities like extroversion and self-esteem. But it was hard for
the judges to decide about most other personalities under the controlled conditions. When the people smiled and
stood naturally, however, judging their personalities was easy. Then the judges" choices were correct for nine
of the ten personalities.
Researcher Laura Nauman said that we live in the world where first impressions are important. |
| 1. According to the passage, who were the judges? |
| [ ] |
A. The researchers of the study.
B. The subjects in the study.
C. Parents and other adults.
D. People in the photographs. |
2. Which of the following qualities could the judges identify even when people were pictured in controlled
positions? |
| [ ] |
A. Extroversion
B. Religious beliefs
C. Loneliness
D. Emotional control |
| 3. We can infer from the passage that _____. |
| [ ] |
A. the study was carried out by four researchers from America
B. in the study126 people were photographed for judges to decide their personalities
C. the Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin is an official publication (出版物).
D. it was hard to recognize personalities when the people were pictured with natural looks |
| 4. What will the author most probably talk about next? |
| [ ] |
A. The quality of the judges.
B. The personalities of Laura Nauman.
C. Signs of emotional control.
D. The reason why one"s appearance is important. |
| 阅读理解。 |
In Denmark, parents are allowed to set up a new school if they are dissatisfied with the school in the area
where they are living. Although these schools have to follow the national courses, they are allowed a lot of
choice in deciding what to teach. Some of these new schools are called "small schools" because usually the
number of pupils in them is only sixty, but a school has to have at least twenty-seven pupils.
Cooleenbridge School in Ireland, is a small school similar to the ones in Denmark, it was set up by parents
who came from Holland, Germany, Czechoslovakia, England and other parts of Ireland. They came because
they wanted to live in the countryside and to grow their own food. In June 1986, they decided to start a school.
They managed to get an old, disused primary-school building and started with twenty-four children aged from
four to twelve.
The teachers say, "The important thing in school is doing, not sitting." And so the courses includes yoga
(瑜伽), cooking, knitting (编织), kite-making, music, fishing, drama (戏剧) and environmental river studies,
as well as reading, writing, maths and science. |
| 1. What are the rules for setting up a new school in Denmark? |
| [ ] |
A. Parents are allowed to set up their own school.
B. The school has to follow the national courses.
C. The school has to have at least 27 pupils.
D. All of the above. |
| 2. The writer tells about the Cooleenbridge School in Ireland because _____. |
| [ ] |
A. it was set up by parents who are not people of Denmark
B. it was taken as an example of this kind of "small school"
C. there were only twenty-four children
D. the pupils there were aged from 4 to 12 |
| 3. What makes this kind of school special? |
| [ ] |
A. It is set up by parents not by government.
B. It is free to decide what to teach.
C. The number of pupils in it is only sixty.
D. It has to have at least 27 pupils. |
| 4. "The important thing in school is doing, not sitting." What the teachers say actually means _____. |
| [ ] |
A. What we should do is teaching in the classroom, not sitting in the office.
B. Children should do more homework at home, not just sit in class to listen to the teachers.
C. Children should learn by themselves not rely on teachers.
D. Children should learn through practice not just from books. |
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