Maybe ten-year-old Elizabeth put it best when she said to her father, “But, Dad,
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Maybe ten-year-old Elizabeth put it best when she said to her father, “But, Dad, you can’t be healthy if you’re dead.”
Dad, in a hurry to get home before dark so he could go for a run, had forgotten to wear his safety belt－a mistake 75% of US population makes every day. The big question is why.
There have been many myths about safety belt ever since their first appearance in cars some forty years ago. The following are three of the most common.
Myth the Number One: It’s best to be “thrown clear” of a serious accident.
Truth: Sorry, but any accident serious enough to “throw you clear” is able to be serious enough to give you a very bad landing. And chances are you’ll have traveled through a windshield(挡风玻璃) or door to do it. Studies show that chances of dying after a car accident are twenty－five times in cases where people are “thrown clear”.
Myth Number Two: Safety-belts “trap” people in cars that are burning or sinking in water.
Truth: Sorry again, but studies show that people knocked unconscious(昏迷) due to not wearing safety belts have a greater chance of dying in these accidents. People wearing safety belts are usually protected to the point of having in these accidents. People wearing safety belts are usually protected to the point of having a clear head to free themselves from such dangerous situation, not to be trapped in them.
Myth Number Three: Safety belts aren’t needed at speeds of less than 30 miles per hour(mph).
Truth: When two cars traveling at 30 mph hit each other, an unbelted driver would meet the windshield with a force equal to diving headfirst into the ground from a height of 10 metres.
小题1:Why did Elizabeth say to her father, “But, Dad, you can’t be healthy if you’re dead”?| A．He was driving at a great speed. | | B．He was running across the street. | | C．He didn’t have his safety belt on. | | D．He didn’t take his medicine on time. |
小题2:The reason why father was in a hurry to get home was that he .| A．wasn’t feeling very well | | B．hated to drive in the dark | | C．wanted to take some exercise | | D．didn’t want to be caught by the people |
小题3: According to the text, to be “thrown clear” of a serious accident is very dangerous because you .| A．may be knocked down by other cars. | | B．may get serious hurt thrown out of the car | | C．may find it impossible to get away from the seat | | D．may get caught in the car door |
小题4:Some people prefer to drive without wearing a safety belt because they believe .| A．the belt prevents them from escaping in an accident | | B．they will be unable to think clearly in an accident | | C．they will be caught when help comes | | D．cars catch fire easily |
小题5:What is the advice given in the text?| A．Never drive faster than 30 miles an hour. | | B．Try your best to save yourself in a car accident. | | C．Never forget to wear the safety belt while driving. | | D．Drive slowly while you’re not wearing a safety belt. |
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答案
小题1:C
小题2:C
小题3:B
小题4:A
小题5:C |
解析
试题分析：本文提出了3个人们对于系安全带的疑问，并对每个问题都给出了自己的回答，通过这个方式告诉我们安全带的重要性，永远都不要忘记系安全带。
小题1:C 细节题。根据3,4行Dad, in a hurry to get home before dark so he could go for a run, had forgotten to wear his safety belt说明他没有带安全带是女儿这样说的原因。故C正确。
小题2:C 细节题。根据3，4行Dad, in a hurry to get home before dark so he could go for a run, had forgotten to wear his safety belt中的go for s run说明C正确。
小题3:B 推理题。根据but any accident serious enough to “throw you clear” is able to be serious enough to give you a very bad landing说明throw you clear是指人们被抛到空中落到地上受了重伤的情况，故B正确。
小题4:A 推理题。根据Myth Number Two: Safety-belts “trap” people in cars that are burning or sinking in water.说明人们很担心系安全带会让人在危险情况下被困住，故A正确。
小题5:C 推理题。本文提出了3个人们对于系安全带的疑问，并对每个问题都给出了自己的回答，通过这个方式告诉我们安全带的重要性，永远都不要忘记系安全带。故C正确。
点评：本文主要讲述的就是安全带的重要性，文章基本上是考查细节题，对此类题型考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词，然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节，找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定最佳答案。 |
举一反三
Want to be perfect at a holiday dinner party? Follow these tips on good manners, and your dinner companions are sure to be thankful.
*Arrive no earlier than the time the host has announced and no later than half an hour after the time.
*Plan to stay about an hour after dinner unless travel plans or sleepy children which make you leave a bit earlier.
*Bring a gift and write a note of thanks afterwards.
*Offer to help set up for dinner and to clean afterwards.
*Tell the host of any special dietary needs---if you are a vegetarian, diabetic or allergic to common foods. You can tell the host how to prepare a dish you can eat, or even better, offer to bring that dish yourself.
*If you’re going to a potluck (百乐餐) dinner, bring a serving dish with you as an offer. Remember, the best potluck dishes are those that need little preparation in the host’s kitchen, can be served at room temperature and need only a fork to eat.
小题1:To be a perfect guest, you should _______. | A．never be late for a holiday dinner party | | B．leave right away after meal if necessary | | C．bring a gift with some words of thanks on | | D．help to make table and clean afterwards |
小题2:“Diabetic or allergic” here refers to people who _____ .| A．have some special needs for certain foods | | B．are more important than other dinner companions | | C．never try some common foods served at dinner | | D．always bring dishes to dinner themselves |
小题3:According to the passage, potluck dinner dishes are those _______ . | A．usually given by the guests | | B．carefully prepared in the kitchen | | C．served only at room temperature | | D．eaten only with a fork and knife |
小题4:The passage is mainly written for _____ . | A．holiday makers | B．companions | C．dinner hosts | D．dinner guests |
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Education cuts(削减) have become routine (惯常的) over the past few years, which has made it difficult for students to learn. The results of a survey of 1,850 Los Angeles County high school students show just how much the cuts are affecting students.
Because of teacher layoffs (解雇), class sizes at some high schools have risen to 50 students — even in math and English classes. Some 37 percent of students report that they sometimes don’t have a desk to sit at. Sixty-seven percent say crowded classrooms make them feel the teachers don’t have enough time to teach, and 30 percent say they’ve not been able to join in a program because it’s no longer offered at their school.
At a time when technology is an important skill, 52 percent of students say there aren’t enough computers. Or they’re often broken, and there’s no one to fix them. Fifty-one percent say they’ve had to share textbooks with a classmate because there aren’t enough copies to go around. Fifty-seven percent say they’ve had to copy information because their school doesn’t have enough paper to make copies.
“We have only one science teacher for the entire(整个的) high school,” writes Felix Ruano, a 16-year-old student. He goes on to describe how that teacher, who is only qualified to teach chemistry, is teaching physics — or, at least, is trying to do so. “He shows physics videos and we teach ourselves from our textbook,” says Ruano. And, as has been seen elsewhere, “all but one of the restrooms” at Ruano’s school “have been closed because we don’t have enough people to clean them.”
Ruano notes that though faced with the challenges, 97 percent of students say they plan to go to college. But without “properly trained teachers and the best resources,” says Ruano, it’s not likely that every student will achieve that goal. “Unless schools fix these problems,” he says, “students could lose hope.”
小题1:According to the text, education cuts have led to the following results EXCEPT that _____.| A．class sizes at some high schools have risen | | B．some students don’t have a desk to sit at | | C．some students have to share textbooks | | D．some students have to leave school |
小题2:The underlined word “qualified” in the fourth paragraph can best be replaced by “_____”.| A．fit | B．willing | C．bored | D．worried |
小题3:According to Ruano, _____.| A．he is good at teaching himself | | B．most students plan to go to college | | C．his school is going to be closed | | D．most students are hopeful about their school |
小题4:What would be the best title for the text?| A．What caused education cuts? | B．Education cuts, right or wrong? | | C．Education cuts have hurt students | D．How to deal with education cuts |
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In the past,when people had problems,they went to their families or friends to get advice.Today it is possible to get advice from radio shows.TV programs or telephone hot lines,too.A hot line is a telephone line that offers a direct way of getting in touch with advicers.Most hot lines are completely anonymous(匿名的)—callers do not have to say their names or telephone numbers.Most hot lines are usually free,too.Callers do not have to pay for their advice or the phone calls—even if the calls are long distance.At some hot lines,the advicers are volunteers.Other hot lines pay their advicers for their work.Usually the advicers are full-job people with years of education and experience,but sometimes the advicers have only taken a short class before starting to work on the hot line.All the advicers listen to the people and help them solve their problems.
小题1:A hot line is a telephone line ______.| A．that is hot | | B．through which people get advice | | C．whose number no one knows | | D．through which callers take a short class |
小题2:When people call the hot line advicers,they______.| A．often give their names and telephone numbers | | B．generally have to pay for the long distance calls | | C．usually pay nothing for most of the calls and advice | | D．always try to get in touch with the volunteer advicers |
小题3:The advicers working at hot lines______.| A．are not all paid | | B．have all been trained for a short time | | C．are all volunteers | | D．all have years of education and experience |
小题4:The writer of the article seems to think that______.| A．with hot lines people won’t get advice from their families and friends | | B．hot lines help the callers a lot | | C．people had better pay for the advice and phone calls | | D．the hot line advicers will solve all of the callers’ problems |
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Millions of British people have ditched the traditional ‘thank you’ and replaced it with the less formal ‘cheers’, according to a survey.
Although the average person will say ‘thank you’ nearly 5,000 times a year, one in three are more likely to throw in a ‘cheers’ or ‘ta’ where it’s needed, rather than risk sounding old fashioned.
One in 20 now say ‘nice one’ instead, while younger generations are more likely to offer a ‘cool’ than a ‘thank you’.‘Merci’, ‘fab’ and even ‘gracias’ were also listed as common phrases to use, as was ‘much appreciated’.
One in twenty who took part in the survey of 2,000 people by the Food Network UK for Thank You Day, which is marked on November 24, 2011, said a formal ‘thank you’ was now not often needed in everyday conversation. More than one in ten adults said they regularly won’t say thank you if they are in a bad mood. Most people declared that saying thank you was something drilled into them by their parents. A huge 70 percent of those questioned will say thank you to a person’s face without even meaning it, while a fifth avoid saying it when they know they should — on at least two occasions every day.
It seems our friends and family get the brunt (压力) of our bad manners with half admitting they’re not good at thanking those closest to them — many justifying (为…辩解) the lack of thanks because their family ‘already know I’m grateful’.
When spoken words won’t do, it falls to a nice text to do the job for most people. A third will still send a handwritten thank-you note — but 45 percent admit it’s been more than six months since they bothered to send one.
A quarter of British people say thank you with food, with 23 percent cooking a meal to show their appreciation to someone. Another 15 percent bake a cake.
It follows that 85 percent of people will be annoyed at not getting the gratitude (感激) they feel they should receive.
小题1:Most of the people who took part in the survey say that they say “thank you” _____.| A．when they are in good mood | | B．completely out of habit | | C．when they feel truly grateful | | D．purely out of politeness |
小题2:The underlined word “ditched” in Paragraph 1 means “________”.| A．given up | B．used | C．shared | D．grasped |
小题3:It can be learned from the passage that _______.| A．different ways of expressing gratitude are all fashionable | | B．people should avoid saying “thank you” nowadays | | C．a thank-you note is still appreciated by most people | | D．people in a bad mood never say “thank you” |
小题4:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?| A．Most people express their gratitude to others by buying food for them. | | B．About fifty percent of people try not to say thank you when they should. | | C．Most people may feel natural when they fail to receive others’ gratitude. | | D．Many people think it unnecessary to say thanks to their family members. |
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Research shows that childhood friendships are important indicators of future success and social adjustment. Children"s relationships with peers (同龄人) strongly influence their success in school, and children with fewer friends are more likely dropping out of school, becoming sad and other problems.
Making and Keeping Friends Is More Than Child"s Play
When 6-year-old Rachel returned to school on a recent Monday morning, her eyes immediately scanned the playground for her friend Abbie. Though they were only separated by a weekend, the girls "ran right into each other"s arms and hugged," recalls Rachel"s mother Kathryn Willis of Gilbert. "It was like a scene from a movie."
Most parents instinctively (本能地) know that having friends is good for their child. Experts agree that friendship is not simply child"s play, but a powerful predictor of social adjustment throughout life.
A Skill for Life
"Childhood friendships serve as a very important training ground for adulthood," says Dr. Robbie Adler-Tapia, psychologist with the Center for Children"s Health & Life Development.
Researcher William Hartup states, "Peer relations contribute significantly to both social and cognitive (认知的) development." Hartup concludes that the single best childhood predictor of adult social adaptation is not school grades or classroom behavior, but rather, how well a child gets along with other children.
The work of Arizona State University proves that just as being able to make and keep friends is beneficial to kids, so is the lack of friends detrimental.
Good Friendships Don"t Just Happen
Experts agree that it is basic for children to develop high-quality friendships. But, researchers warn, these friendships don"t necessarily just happen. Often, a good friendship begins with involved （卷入，牵连）parents.
Valley psychologist Dr. Lynne Kenney Markan believes kids should be taught social skills in much the same way they are taught math and reading.
Bad Company
Many parents worry about the quality as well as the quantity of their child"s friendships. "When she was in 1st grade, her supposed "best friend" began calling her names and threatening to hurt her," says Mindy Miller. "My daughter wasn"t allowed to talk to or even look at other girls in her class. It really crushed (压跨) her spirit. I told my daughter she didn"t need a "friend" like that."
"I"ll bend over backwards to help my son get together with a friend I think is good for him," Adler-Tapia says. "I don"t look at it as manipulation (操纵), just positive parental involvement. "
小题1:The example of Rachel and Abbie is used to show that ________.| A．childhood friendship is of great benefit to their growth | | B．a positive friendship helps children solve emotional and physical problems | | C．it is a proven（被证明的） fact that peer friendship is the most rewarding experience throughout life | | D．Rachel missed her friend Abbie very much because of their separation of one weekend |
小题2:The underlined word "detrimental" could be replaced by _______.| A．valuable | B．disappointing | C．accurate | D．harmful |
小题3:We can learn from the passage that high-quality friendship most probably results from ______.| A．social skills and good study habits | | B．school grades and classroom behaviors | | C．academic success and social adaptation | | D．positive parental involvement and social skills |
小题4:From the last paragraph we can conclude that Dr. Robbie Adler-Tapia agrees that ______.| A．parents should regard making friends as something that just happens | | B．it"s wise for parents to support and encourage healthy peer relationships | | C．parents only need to help their children to deal with difficult social situations | | D．parents are supposed to encourage their children to make as many friends as they can |
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