第三部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项

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第三部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Just call Apolo Anton Ohno the most decorated sportsman in the history of the Winter Olympics. The speed skater glided into the history books after the 2010 Olympics, winning a record-breaking eighth Olympic medal after completing the men’s 5,000-meter relay.
Apolo Anton Ohno, born on May 22, 1982, is an American short track speed skating competitor and an eight-time medalist (two golds, two silvers, four bronzes) in the Winter Olympics. He is one of the only four Americans who have won three medals in a single Winter Olympic Games. He started skating at age 12, and in two years became the best short track skater in the United States. In December1999, he became the youngest skater to win a World Cup event title.
“It feels amazing, especially in a sport as volatile as short track speed skating,” he remarked after his historic win. “This is my third Olympic Games and there is no other athlete here who has gone to three Olympic Games and won a medal every time. I wanted to leave my heart and soul on the ice and I did. I don’t look back at past medals, but I look back at the struggles. I live my life with the philosophy that anything’s possible but I had no idea I’d have this much success.”
Ohno’s third Olympics might have been his last. He is considering retirement, although US national coach Jimmy Jang is hoping to convince his longtime friend to compete four years from now in Sochi, a Russian city where the next Winter Olympics is going to be held.
“I never say ‘never’,” Ohno said. “I need a break from this sport that’s been very good to me.”
After the relay, Ohno skated over to congratulate the Canadians and shook hands with his South Korean competitors. One of them said: “We have some good memories and we also have some bad memories of Ohno. I will be sorry to see him leave the world of short track when he does.”
1. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Short Track Speed Skating
B. Apolo Anton Ohno’s sport dream
C. Eight Gold Medalists in the Winter Olympics
D. “Michael Phelps” on the Ice—Apolo Anton Ohno
2. What does the underlined word “volatile” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. changeable    B. violent     C. stable     D. interesting
3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. His three medals in this Olympics makes him the third one in American sports history.
B. He owes his success to his hard working and his strong belief.
C. He will retire after the next Winter Olympic Games to be held in Russia.
D. He has gained worldwide fame and recognition but his competitors’ envy.
4. In which section of a newspaper is the passage most likely to be found?
A. Health and Entertainment          B. News abroad
C. Life and Society                D. Great people

答案

小题1:D
小题2:A
小题3:B
小题4:D

解析

略

举一反三

A team of researchers recently created a robot that can repair itself. The newly designed machine can sense injury to itself and adapt. That ability sets the new robot apart from earlier machines. Because the robot can recover from unexpected damage, it may be especially useful in exploring unfamiliar places. “There is a need for planetary robotic rovers(流浪者) to be able to fix things on their own,” says Josh Bongard, one of the device’s creators. “Robots on other planets must be able to continue their mission without human help if they are damaged and cannot communicate their problem back to Earth.”
A typical robot functions according to a computer program, but the new robot works differently. First, sensors in its four legs observe the robot’s movements and signals to its built-in computer. From the information it collects, the robot creates its own programs that allow it to adapt to different situations. For example, when the researchers shortened one of the robot’s legs, the smart machine simply adjusted its way of walking—it used three legs instead of four.
The researchers are looking for other places to put the resilient(迅速恢复) robot to work. One possible spot is the ocean floor. That dark and dangerous undersea terrain(地带) might be a good choice for a robot the scientists call the Starfish. “We never officially named the robot, but we usually refer to it as the Starfish, even though a real starfish has five rather than four legs,” says Bongard. “Also, a real starfish is much better than our robot at recovering from injury, because it can ac

tually regrow its legs.” Scientists have created robots that help humans in many ways: by exploring space, fighting fires, and even performing surgery.
1. The newly designed robot is different from the former ones because it ___________.
A. can communicat

e with people on the earth about their problems
B. works according to a certain computer program
C. can find problems itself and get used to the new environment
D. can explore unfamiliar places
2. An example is given in the second paragraph in order to explain that the new robot ___________.
A. is used to create new programs                        B. has typical robot functions
C. has sensors to observe its movements              D. can adapt to new conditions
3. What might be the best title of the passage?
A. How does the Starfish Robot work                B. Do-It-Yourself Robot Repair
C. Robots Designed to Work On Other Planets    D. New Robot Helping Us In Many Ways
4. Which of the following is True about the Starfish?
A. It has more than four legs.                               B. It hasn’t been officially named.
C. It can regrow its legs quickly.                    D. It has started to work on the ocean floor.

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第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有两项为多余选项。
Is the customer always right? 71 Shopping is very much a part of a country’s culture, and attitudes to shopping and consumers vary from country to country just as much as climate or taste in food.
Recent economic hardship has given the consumers increased power in Europe because shopkeepers fight to win their share of reduced disposable(可支配的) income. This has meant falling prices, plenty of special offers and a re-examination of what customer service really means. 72 In restaurants in the south of the USA, for example, waiters compliment(恭维) you on your clothes, ask about your day, compliment you on your wisdom of your order and then return every ten minutes to refill your glass and make sure that everything is to your satisfaction.
Anyone who has waited 30 minutes to be served in a restaura

nt may possibly dream of such customer service. 73 In fact, different nationalities expect different types of service. As a friend of mine once told me, “By the end of evening I had spent as much time talking to the waiter as to my wife.”
A Chinese-American friend loves telling people about how her Chinese mother shops for clothes. First of all she waits until they are on sale. 74 And later she finds some small fault wi

th the product and demands a further reductio

n. She never buys anything at the regular price. Could you imagine trying such ways in department stores in other countries?
Attitudes to service are, of course, affected by employers’ attitudes to their workers. As American waiters heavily depend on tips, they have to provide more service.

But is this fair？ 75 It might not be a

case of “Is the customer always right?” but a case of “How much service is it fair to expect?”

A．People often point to America as an example of good customer service.

B．It is a question of expectations.

C．Do we think it is fair to ask shop assistants to work late evenings or on Sundays?

D．Then she asks for a discount until she gets an even better price.

E.The answer, it seems, depends on which country you are in.
F.The way we shop shows the way we get along with other people.
G..However, do Europeans really want US style service?

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III．阅读理解：（共20 小题，每小题2分，满分40分）
第一节：（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项。
For her first twenty-four year, she’d been known as Debbie---a name that didn’t suit her good looks and elegant manner．” My name has always made me think I should be a cheerleader, ”She complained．”I just don’t feel like a Debbie!”
One day ,while filling out an application form for publishing job, the young woman suddenly changed middle name, Lynne, for her first name Debbie．“That was the smartest thing I ever did,” She says now．“ As soon as I stopped calling myself Debbie．I felt more comfortable with myself… and other people started to take me more seriously”．Two years after her successful magazine editor--- friends and associates call her Lynne．
Naturally, the name change didn’t cause Debbie/Lynne’s professional achievement--- but it surely helped if only by adding a bit of self-confidence to her talents．Social scientists say that what you are called can affect your life．Through history, names have not only identified people but also described them．”… As his name is, so is he …? says the Bible．For better or worse, qualities such as friendliness or reserves, simpleness or charm may be suggested by your name and encourage other people before they even meet you．
Of course , names with a good sense can work for you ---even encouraging new acquaintances．A recent survey showed that American men thought Susan to be the attractive female name, while women believed Richard and David were the most attractive to men．One woman I know turned down a blind date with a man named Harry because “he sounded dull．” Several evenings later she came up to me at a party, pressing for an introduction to a very nice man with whom they looked at each other all evening．“Oh, “ I said．” You mean Harry?” She was ill at ease．
1．Debbie’s changing her name ____．
A．had actually little to do with her career．
B．was what she happened to do when filling out the form
C．did have an effect on her success
D．entirely contributed to her luck
2．The author introduced Harry to the woman___
A．at the request of the woman herself
B．to tell her that names didn’t matter really
C．to make her feel uneasy in mind
D．the person is more important than his /her name
3．The name Debbie may be connected with something ____
A．huge B．quiet C．dull D．attractive
4．The best possible title for the passage may be ____
A．Names are the most important B．Your name is your fortune
C．Don’t care much for names D．Names and making friends

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Safe burn
Planning a home demands great care ．The fireplace should be distinctive and elegant, with a fire that looks like a fire, giving your family the warmth and protection they need．
Every year 7,000 people die in fires in Britian , and hundreds of them are little children．Thousands more are disfigured for life．
When you choose a fire, choose Safeburn ．It gives you the atmosphere of home comfort you are looking for, and sets your mind at rest．
Caithness Pride
Caithness Pride．The ninth Duke of Caithness would only drink the best whisky, So he built his own private still, in the heart of the Highlands, with the fresh water running in the stream nearby．When we came into possession of the still, we paid the Duke’s heirs a lot of money for it．But it was worth it．After all what was good for the Duke is too good to be kept a secret．
1．The above two passages are _____ ．
A．the covers for two books．
B．The descriptions about two pictures
C．The advertisements for two products
D．The advice on home planning and whisky drinking
2．Fire can provide people with all the following except ____
A．heat    B．home comfort      C．great care     D．peace．
3．From the second passage we’ve learnt that to make food whisky people need ___
A．a famous person’s name      B．a private still
C．good water                 D．good land
4．In the second passage, they are trying to make it clear that ____．
A．their whisky was once drunk by a vey famous person
B．their whisky still was built by the ninth Duke of Caithness
C．their whisky is not expensive
D．their whisky is second to none

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The human body is a living machine, and, like all machines, it needs "fuel" （燃料） to supply it with energy．This is provided by the food we eat．But how much do we need to stay healthy?
The energy value of food is usually measured in calories．A calorie is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1℃．The number of calories people need per day is different．Also, the number of calories you use at any one moment normally depends on the activity you are in．For example, you need more calories for standing than for sitting, more for running than for walking, and so on．
The energy in food is in the form of three kinds of chemical materials-carbohydrate（碳水化合物）, protein（蛋白质）and fat．Carbohydrate provides 3．8 Cal/gm, protein 4．0 Cal/gm, and fat 8．8 Cal/gm．Each food contains different amount of these materials, as the round pictures show．
1．The amount of calories supplied by equal amounts of milk, rice, and peanuts is the largest in the case of ________．
A．milk B．rice C．peanuts D．rice or peanuts
2．Choose one statement from among A-D that agrees with the passage and the pictures above．
A．You need more calories for swimming than for mountain climbing．
B．Food contains energy in the form of carbohydrates, proteins and fuel．
C．Different people need different amounts of energy depending on their age, sex and the activities they are in．
D．3 grams of milk provides 16．6 calories because carbohydrate provides 3．8 Cal/gm, protein 4．0 Cal/gm and fat 8．8 Cal/gm．
3．This article mainly tells us ________．
A．all the energy is in food B．the human body needs energy
C．the number of calories depends on your activity
D．we must only eat peanuts to get calories

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