Most people around the world are right-handed . This also seems to be true in hi
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Most people around the world are right-handed . This also seems to be true in history . In 1799 , scientists studied works of art made at different times from 1,500 B.C. to the 1950s . Most of the people shown in these works are right-handed , so the scientists guessed that right-handedness has always been common through history . Today , only about 10% to 15% of the world’s population is left-handed .
Why are there more right-handed people than left-handed ones ? Scientists now know that a person’s two hands each have their own jobs . For most people , the left hand is used to find things or hold things . The right hand is used to work with things. This is because of the different work of the two sides of the brain . The right side of the brain , which makes a person’s hands and eyes work together , controls the left person’s hands and eyes work together , controls the left hand . The left-side of the brain , which controls the right hand , is the centre for thinking and doing problems . These findings show that more artists should be left-handed , and studies have found that left-handedness is twice as common among artists as among people in other jobs .
No one really knows what makes a person become right-handed instead of left-handed . Scientists have found that almost 40% of the people become left-handed because their main brain is damaged when they are born . However , this doesn’t happen to everyone , so scientists guess there must be another reason why people become left-handed . One idea is that people usually get right-handed from their parents . If a person does not receive the gene（基因）for right-handedness , he / she may become either right-handed or left-handed according to the chance and the people they work or live with .
Though right-handedness is more common than left-handedness , people no longer think left-handed people are strange or unusual . A long time ago , left-handed children were made to use their right hands like other children , but today they don’t have to .
小题1: After studying works of art made at different times in history , the scientists found .
A. art began from 1, 500 B.C.
B. the works of are ended in the 1950s
C. most people shown in the works of art are right-handed
D. most people shown in the works of art are left-handed
小题2:How many people in the world are left-handed now ?| A．Less than one sixth . | B．More than a half . | | C．About 40% . | D．The passage doesn’t tell us . |
小题3:What is the left hand for most people used to do ?| A．It’s used to find or hold things . | | B．It’s used to work with things . | | C．It’s used to make a person’s eyes work together . | | D．It’s the centre for thinking and doing problems . |
小题4: According to the passage , which of the following is NOT true ?| A．No one really knows what makes a person become right-handed . | | B．Left-handedness is cleverer than right-handedness . | | C．Today children are not made to use their right hands only . | | D．Scientists think there must be some reason why people become left-handed . |
小题5: The best title for this passage is .| A．Scientist’s New Inventions | | B．Left-handed People | | C．Which Hand | | D．Different Brains , Different Hands |
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答案
小题1:C
小题2:A
小题3:A
小题4:B
小题5:C |
解析
试题分析：
小题1:C 细节题。根据第一段2,3行Most of the people shown in these works are right-handed , so the scientists guessed that right-handedness has always been common through history .说明C正确。
小题2:A 细节题。根据第一段最后一句Today , only about 10% to 15% of the world’s population is left-handed .说明现在世界上的人中不到六分之一的人是左撇子，故A正确。
小题3:A 细节题。根据第二段第二行For most people , the left hand is used to find things or hold things .说明A正确。
小题4:.B 细节题。根据最后一段第一句No one really knows what makes a person become right-handed instead of left-handed .说明A的说法是正确的；根据最后一段最后2行A long time ago , left-handed children were made to use their right hands like other children , but today they don’t have to .说明C的说法正确。细节题。根据第三段第三行so scientists guess there must be another reason why people become left-handed说明D说法正确。B在文章里没有提及。
小题5:C 主旨大意题。文章讲述的是人们使用左手还是右手的问题，故C符合。
点评：文章讲述的是人们使用左手还是右手的问题。文章集中考查细节题，要求考生在阅读时做好标识，解题时减少回读时间，提高阅读效率。 |
举一反三
How to Be a Winner
Sir Steven Redgrave
Winner of 5 Olympic Gold Medals
“In 1997 I was found to have developed diabetes(糖尿病). Believing my career was over, I felt extremely low. Then one of the specialists said there was no reason why I should stop training and competing. That was it ---the encouragement I needed. I could still be a winner if I believed in myself. I am not saying that it isn’t difficult sometimes. But I wanted to prove to myself that I wasn"t finished yet. Nothing is to stand in my way.”
Karen Pickering
Swimming World Champion
“I swim 4 hours a day, 6 days a week. I manage that sort of workload by putting it on top of my diary. This is the key to success----you can’t follow a career in any field without being well-organized. List what you believe you can achieve. Trust yourself, write down your goals for the day, however small they are, and you’ll be a step closer to achieving them.”
Kirsten Best
Poet & Writer
“When things are getting hard, a voice inside my head tells me that I can’t achieve something. Then, there are other distractions, such as family or hobbies. The key is to concentrate. When I feel tense, it helps a lot to repeat words such as ‘calm’, ‘peace’ or ‘focus’, either out loud or silently in my mind. It makes me feel more in control and increases my confidence. This is a habit that can become second nature quite easily and is a powerful psychological tool”
小题1:What does Sir Steven Redgrave mainly talk about?| A．Difficulties influenced his career. | | B．Specialists offered him medical advice. | | C．Training helped him defeat his disease. | | D．He overcame the shadow of illness to win. |
小题2:What does Karen Pickering put on top of her diary?| A．Her training schedule. | B．Her daily happenings. | | C．Her achievements. | D．Her sports career. |
小题3:What does the underlined word “distractions” probably refer to？| A．Ways that help one to focus. | | B．Words that help one to feel less tense. | | C．Activities that turn one"s attention away. | | D．Habits that make it hard for one to relax. |
小题4:According to the passage ,what do the three people have in common?| A．Self-confidence. | B．Devotion. | C．Hard work. | D．Courage. |
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Something in chocolate could be used to stop coughs and lead to more effective medicines, say UK researchers.
Their study found that theobromine（可可碱）, found in cocoa, was nearly a third more effective in stopping coughs than codeine, which was considered the best cough medicine at present.
The Imperial College London researchers who published their results online said the discovery could lead to more effective cough treatment. “While coughing is not necessarily harmful it can have a major effect on the quality of life, and this discovery could be a huge step forward in treating this problem,” said Professor Peter Barnes.
Ten healthy volunteers were given theobromine, codeine or placebo, a pill that contains no medicine, during the experiment. Neither the volunteers nor the researchers knew who received which pill. The researchers then measured levels of capsaicin, which is used in research to cause coughing and as a sign of how well the medicines are stopping coughs.
The team found that, when the volunteers were given theobromine, the capsaicin needed to produce a cough was around a third higher than in the placebo group. When they were given codeine they needed only slightly higher levers of capsaicin to cause a cough compared with the placebo.
The researchers said that theobromine worked by keeping down a nerve activity(神经活动), which cause coughing. They also found that unlike some standard cough treatments, theobromine caused no side effects such as sleepiness.
小题1:According to Professor Barnes, theobromine ______.| A．cannot be as effective as codeine | | B．can be harmful to people’s health | | C．cannot be separated from chocolate | | D．can be a more effective cure for coughs |
小题2:What was used in the experiment to cause coughing?| A．Theobromine. | B．Codeine. | C．Capsaicin. | D．Placebo. |
小题3:We learn from the text that volunteers in the experiment _____.| A．were patients with bad coughs | | B．were divided into the three groups | | C．received standard treatments | | D．suffered little side effects |
小题4:Which of the following would be the best title for the text?| A．Codeine: A New Medicine | | B．Chocolate May Cure Coughs | | C．Cough Treatment: A Hard Case | | D．Theobromine Can Cause Coughs |
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Don’t you think your schoolbag is too heavy to bear? The e-schoolbag will free you from the weight.
It is said that e-schoolbags are going to be brought into use in Chinese middle schools soon. An experiment with several hundred e-schoolbags will begin in seven cities: Beijing, Shanghai, Dalian, Shenzhen, Chongqing, Taiyuan and Shijiazhuang. And the e-schoolbags are going to cover all over China if the experiment proves to be successful. In fact, the e-schoolbag should perhaps be called an e-notebook. It is a small hand-held computer for school students.
Heavy schoolbags have long been a serious problem for school students. The average schoolbag of middle school students weighs up to 5 kilos. But the e-schoolbag will change everything. It is much lighter than a usual schoolbag, weighing under 1 kilo.
Also, it is no bigger than a usual book, but it can still hold all the things for study, such as a textbook, a notebook and exercise book. They could be made into chips that are as small as a stamp. The students can read the text page by page on the screen. They can still take notes using a special electronic pen. If they want to know the meaning or the pronunciation of a new word, or even e-mail their teachers, it’s just a press of a button.
In some foreign countries, it is becoming common. But it is hard to tell when people will receive this new form of study. Some say that e-textbooks can be easily broken, some say that it is not good to students’ eyesight to look at the screen for long. But only time will tell.
小题1:The e-schoolbag has many functions EXCEPT ________.| A．It can pronounce the words. | | B．It can send e-mail. | | C．It can be used as a dictionary. | | D．It can phone somebody. |
小题2:According to the passage, the e-schoolbag ________.| A．is not heavy as before but still large | | B．is used as an experiment in Tianjin | | C．is made of metal | | D．is going to cover China if it proves to be successful |
小题3:Which of the following statement is TRUE?| A．All the students in China will be required to use this new schoolbag soon. | | B．All the people think highly of e-textbooks. | | C．E-notebooks are very convenient to students. | | D．We will not make notes because the e-notebook can make all by itself. |
小题4:The best title for the passage should be ________.| A．An Experiment In China | | B．Please Change Your Schoolbag | | C．A New Invention, A New Schoolbag | | D．Chips |
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Common sense would tell us that physically active children may be more likely to become active and healthy adults.
In the United States, elementary and middle schools are advised to give students two and a half hours of physical activity a week. That is what the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Heart Association recommend. They say high schools should provide about four hours of physical activity each week.
Yet many schools across the country have reduced their physical education programs. Just this week, a study reported that life expectancy has fallen or is no longer increasing in some parts of the United States. The situation is worst among poor people in the southern states, and especially women. Public health researchers say it is largely the result of increases in fatness, smoking and high blood pressure. They also blame differences in health services around the country.
In 2006, a study found that only four percent of primary schools provided daily physical education all year for all grades. This was true of eight percent of middle schools and two percent of high schools. The study also found that twenty-two percent of all schools did not require students to take any P.E.
Charlene Burgeson , a health expert says one problem for P.E. teachers is that schools are under pressure to put more time into academic subjects. Also, parents may agree that children need exercise in school. Yet many parents today still have bad memories of being chosen last for teams because teachers favored the good athletes in class.
But experts say P.E. classes have changed. They say the goal has moved away from competition and toward personal performance, as a way to build a lifetime of activity. These days, teachers often lead activities like weight training and yoga.
Some parents like the idea of avoiding competitive sports in P.E. class. Yet others surely dislike that idea. In the end, schools may find themselves in a no-win situation.
小题1: The underlined word “expectancy” in Paragraph 3 probably means “ ” | A．quality | B．length | C．exception | D．depth |
小题2:According to the passage which of the following may not lead to poor health?| A．Fatness. | B．Smoking | | C．High blood pressure. | D．Health service |
小题3: What can be inferred after you read this passage?| A．Physical activities are becoming more and more popular in American schools. | | B．All the schools provided daily physical education all year for all students. | | C．Parents think children need physical education for their bad memories. | | D．Students spent less time on physical education for academic pressure. |
小题4: What is the main idea about this passage?| A．P.E. is the most important subject for all students. | | B．P.E has changed its goal for some reasons in America. | | C．It introduces us the present situation of P.E in American schools and its cause. | | D．P.E can help students improve their academic subjects. |
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Johnny Smith was a good math student at a high school. He loved his computer. He came home early every day, then he worked with it till midnight. But Johnny was not a good English student, not good at all. He got an F in his English class. One day after school Johnny joined his computer to the computer in his high school office. The school office computer had the grades of all the students: the math grades, the science grades, the grades in arts and music, and the grades in English. He found his English grade. An F! Johnny changed his English grade from an F to A. Johnny’s parents looked at his report card. They were very happy. “An A in English!” said Johnny’s Dad. “You’re a very clever boy, Johnny.”
Johnny is a hacker (黑客). Hackers know how to take information from other computers and put new information in. Using a modem (调制解调器), they join their computers to other computers secretly. School headmasters and teachers are worried about hackers. So are the police, for some people even take money from bank computer account (账户) and put it into their own ones. And they never have to leave home to do it! They are called hackers.
小题1:Johnny changed his English grade with the computer in _______.| A．the classroom | B．the school office | | C．his own house | D．a bank near his house |
小题2:When Johnny’s parents saw the report, they were happy because _______.| A．Johnny was good at math | | B．Johnny loved computers | | C．Johnny could join one computer to another | | D．they thought Johnny was not poor in English any longer |
小题3:Who are worried about hackers in the story? | A．Johnny’s parents. | | B．School headmasters, teachers and the police. | | C．The police. | | D．School headmasters and teachers. |
小题4:What should the hackers know well, do you think, after you read this story?| A．Information. | B．Grades. | | C．Computers. | D．Back computer accounts. |
小题5:The last paragraph is about _______. | A．Johnny | B．computers | C．hackers | D．modem |
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