Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will a
题型：不详难度：来源：
Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling. Recycling in the home is very important, of course. However, being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need. We are dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place.
The total amount of packaging has increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005. It now makes up a third of a typical household"s waste in the UK. In many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard.
Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment. The UK, for example, is running out of it for burying this unnecessary waste. If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect. Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy. The solution is not to produce such items in the first place. Food waste is a serious problem, too. Too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need. However, few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue, encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags, for example.
But this is not just about supermarkets. It is about all of us. We have learned to associate packaging with quality. We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality. This is especially true of food. But it is also applied to a wide range of consumer products, which often have far more packaging than necessary.
There are signs of hope. As more of us recycle, we are beginning to realize just how much unnecessary materials are collected. We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture, but we have a mountain to climb.
小题1:What does the underlined phrase "over-consumption" refer to?| A．Using too much packaging. | | B．Recycling too many wastes. | | C．Having more material than is needed. | | D．Making more products than necessary. |
小题2:The author uses figures in Paragraph 2 to show_______.| A．the tendency of cutting household waste | | B．the increase of packaging recycling | | C．the fact of packaging overuse | | D．the rapid growth of supermarkets |
小题3:According to the text, recycling_________.| A．means burning packaging for energy | | B．helps control the greenhouse effect | | C．is the solution to gas shortage | | D．leads to a waste of land |
小题4:What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?| A．Unpackaged products are of bad quality. | | B．Supermarkets care more about packaging. | | C．Other products are better packaged than food. | | D．It is improper to judge quality by packaging. |
小题5:What can we learn from the last paragraph?| A．Needless material is mostly recycled. | | B．Fighting wastefulness is difficult. | | C．People like collecting recyclable wastes. | | D．The author is proud of their consumer culture. |
|
答案
小题1:C
小题2:C
小题3:B
小题4:D
小题5:B |
解析
试题分析：文章大意：文章讲述了人们对于过度包装的危害的认识及人们应有的积极态度，让大家认识到形势的严峻和要想改变状况是艰巨的。
小题1:词义猜测题。根据文中的We are dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place. 可知划线部分意义应为“过度消费”。故C正确。
小题2:推理判断题。根据作者在文中使用的数字可知，作者使用数字的目的是为了让读者清楚地理解过度包装的现实问题。故C正确。
小题3:细节理解题。根据If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect. Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy. 可知B项正确。故B正确。
小题4:推理判断题。第四段讲述了人们对于包装不好的物品的固有认识，即：人们普遍认为包装不好的物品质量肯定差。故D正确。
小题5:推理判断题。文章讲述了人们对于过度包装的危害的认识及人们应有的积极态度，所以最后一段给我们带来了希望，但是最后一句we have a mountain to climb. 提示我们事情不会一蹴而就。故B正确。 |
举一反三
A popular student in her small high school, Katie started college, expecting to do well in her courses and be best friends with her roommates. But things didn’t turn out that way. Psych 101, the course she thought would be a first-semester favorite, turned out to be a struggle.
Living away from home tends to be the toughest adjustment for first-year students. You may feel homesick in your first weeks or months. It can help to call, write, or email your parents and friends, making them know how you’re going. You can also talk with your roommates. As first-year students themselves, they’re probably experiencing many of the same fears and worries that you’re dealing with .
But what if you don’t get along well with your roommates?
In some cases, it can be a good thing if you and your roommates aren’t much alike. Different views on things may be helpful, so respect your differences no matter what.
If you and your roommates don’t get along well, it can help to find someone who you feel does understand you, which should be easy on a campus with so many people. Many schools have student organization nights where all of the campus clubs gather and promote their organizations, so you can meet people with the same interests there as you. You’ll also meet tons of people in class or in your dorm building.
As homesickness, painful throats, sprained (扭伤的) ankles and wisdom teeth that act up are common among college students, you should check out your student guidebook or your school’s website to find out information about the university health center.
If you think you cannot deal with your problems, make a stop at the school counseling (咨询)center. First-year troubles are something the counselors know well. You can get help there.
小题1:From Paragraph 1 we can infer that __________.| A．Katie had been worried about the changes before starting her college life. | | B．Katie felt satisfied when her college life started. | | C．Katie wasn’t used to the new environment in college at first. | | D．Katie has fallen behind in her study after the first semester in college. |
小题2:What’s the author’s first suggestion on dealing with homesickness?| A．Adjust to it gradually. | | B．Never share fears with your parents. | | C．Talk to your roommates about it. | | D．Get along with your roommates. |
小题3:Which of the following ways of dealing with roommates is RIGHT?| A．Not trying to change them. | | B．Avoid making friends with them. | | C．Developing the same interest as them. | | D．Not talking with them. |
小题4:From the passage, we can know that_________| A．It’s easy for the first-year students to adapt to the college life. | | B．First-year students can get along well with roommates quickly. | | C．The university center can only help the first-year students solve problems. | | D．The school counseling center is familiar with the problems the first-year students face. |
小题5:What’s the main idea of the text?| A．Freshmen may meet many problems. | | B．Communication is important in college. | | C．How you can adjust to your first year in college. | | D．How schools help freshmen to get used to college life. |
|
Think about the different ways that people use wind. You can use it to fly a kite or to sail a boat. Wind is one of our cleanest and richest power sources, as well as one of the oldest. Evidence shows that windmills (风车) began to be used in ancient Iran back in the seventh century BC. They were first introduced to Europe during the 1100s, when armies returned from the Middle East with knowledge of using wind power.
For many centuries, people used windmills to grind (磨碎) wheat into flour or pump water from deep underground. When electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote (偏僻的) areas began to use them to produce electricity. This allowed them to have electric lights and radio. However, by the 1940s when electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States, windmills were rarely used.
During the 1970s, people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity. People also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever. Then, wind was rediscovered, though it means high costs. Today, there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind.
小题1:From the text we know that windmills _______.| A．were invented by Europeans armies | | B．have a history of more than 2800 years | | C．used to supply power to electric lights in remote areas | | D．have rarely been used since electricity was discovered |
小题2: What was a new use for wind power in the late 19th century ?| A．Sailing a boat. | B．Producing electricity. | | C．Grinding wheat into flour. | D．Pumping water from underground. |
小题3:One of the reasons why wind was rediscovered in the 1970s is that ______ .| A．wind power is cleaner | | B．it is one of the oldest power sources | | C．it was cheaper to create energy from wind | | D．the supply of coal and gas failed to meet ends |
小题4:What would the writer probably discuss in the paragraph that follows ?| A．The advantages of wind power. | | B．The design of wind power plants. | | C．The worldwide movement to save energy. | | D．The global trend (趋势) towards producing power from wind. |
|
“I’ve never met a human worth cloning,” says cloning expert Mark Westhusin from his lab at Texas A&M University. “It’s a stupid endeavor.”
That’s an interesting choice of adjective, coming from a man who has spent millions of dollars trying to clone a 13-year-old dog named Missy. So far, he and his team have not succeeded, though they have cloned two cows and a cat.
They just might succeed in cloning Missy soon — or perhaps not for another five years.
Westhusin"s experience with cloning animals leaves him upset by all this talk of human cloning. In three years of work on the Missy project, using hundreds upon hundreds of dog"s eggs, the A&M team has produced only a dozen or so embryos carrying Missy"s DNA. None have survived the transfer to a surrogate（代孕的）mother. The wastage of eggs and the many spontaneously aborted(流产，发育不全) fetuses（胎）may be acceptable when you"re dealing with cats or bulls, he argues, but not with humans. “Cloning is incredibly inefficient, and also dangerous,” he says.
Even so, dog cloning is a commercial opportunity, with a nice research payoff. Ever since Dolly the sheep was cloned in 1996, Westhusin"s phone has been ringing with people calling in hopes of duplicating their cats and dogs, cattle and horses. “A lot of people want to clone pets, especially if the price is right,” says Westhusin. Cost is no obstacle for Missy"s mysterious billionaire owner; he"s put up $3.7 million so far to fund A&M"s research.
Contrary to some media reports, Missy is not dead. The owner wants a twin to carry on Missy"s fine qualities after she does die. The prototype（原型；雏形）is, by all accounts, athletic, good-natured and super-smart. Missy"s master does not expect an exact copy of her. He knows her clone may not have her temperament（气质、性情）. In a statement of purpose, Missy"s owner and the A&M team say they are “both looking forward to studying the ways that her clones differ from Missy.”
Besides cloning a great dog, the project may contribute insight into the old question of nature vs. nurture. It could also lead to the cloning of special rescue dogs and many endangered animals.
However, Westhusin is cautious about his work. He knows that even if he gets a dog pregnant, the offspring, should they survive, will face the problems shown at birth by other cloned animals: abnormalities like immature lungs and heart and weight problems~ “Why would you ever want to clone humans,” Westhusin asks, “when we"re not even close to getting it worked out in animals yet?”
小题1:By “stupid endeavor”, Westhusin means to say that ________.| A．human cloning is a foolish undertaking | | B．animal cloning is absolutely impractical | | C．human cloning should be done selectively | | D．animal cloning is not worth the effort at all |
小题2:What does the second paragraph tell us about Westhusin"s dog cloning project?| A．Its success is already in sight. | | B．It is progressing smoothly. | | C．It is doomed to utter failure. | | D．Its outcome remains uncertain. |
小题3:By cloning Missy, Mark Westhusin hopes to ________.| A．study the possibility of cloning humans | | B．search for ways to modify its temperament | | C．find out the differences between Missy and its clones | | D．examine the reproductive system of the dog species |
小题4:We learn from the passage that animal clones are likely to have ________.| A．a bad temper | | B．defective（有缺陷的、有毛病的）organs | | C．immune deficiency | | D．an abnormal shape |
小题5:What’s the best title of the passage?| A．Cloning of Missy | | B．Scientist Says ‘No’ to Human Cloning | | C．Human Cloning Is Dangerous . | | D．Westhusin Is Cautious about Cloning |
|
| 阅读理解。 |
People who have lost the ability to understand or use words due to brain damage are called aphasics (失语
症患者). Such patients can be extremely good at something else. From the changing expressions on speakers"
faces and the tones of their voices, they can tell lies from truths.
Doctors studying the human brain have given a number of examples of this amazing power of aphasics.
Some have even compared this power to that of a dog with an ability to find out the drugs hidden in the
baggage.
Recently, scientists carried out tests to see if all that was said about aphasics was true. They studied a mixed
group of people. Some were normal; others were aphasics. It was proved that the aphasics were far ahead of
the normal people in recognizing false speeches-in most cases, the normal people were fooled by words, but
the aphasics were not.
Some years ago, Dr. Oliver Sacks wrote in his book about his experiences with aphasics. He mentioned a
particular case in a hospital. Some aphasics were watching the president giving a speech on TV. Since the
president had been an actor earlier, making a good speech was no problem for him. He was trying to put his
feelings into every word of his speech.
But his way of speaking had the opposite effect on the patients. They didn"t seem to believe him. Instead,
they burst into laughter. The aphasics knew that the president did not mean a word of what he was saying.
He was lying!
Many doctors see aphasics as people who are not completely normal because they lack the ability to
understand words. However, according to Dr. Sacks, they are more gifted than normal people. Normal people
may get carried away by words. Aphasics seem to understand human expressions better, though they cannot
understand words. |
| 1. What is so surprising about aphasics? |
A. They can fool other people.
B. They can find out the hidden drugs.
C. They can understand language better.
D. They can tell whether people are lying. |
| 2. How did the scientists study aphasics? |
A. By asking them to watch TV together.
B. By organizing them into acting groups.
C. By comparing them with normal people.
D. By giving them chances to speak on TV. |
| 3. What do we learn from this text? |
A. What ones says reflects how one feels.
B. Aphasics have richer feelings than others.
C. Normal people often tell lies in their speeches.
D. People poor at one thing can be good at another. |
| 阅读理解。 |
Tom was one of the brightest boys in the year, with supportive parents. But when he was 15 he suddenly
stopped trying. He left school at 16 with only two scores for secondary school subjects. One of the reasons
that made it cool for him not to care was the power of his peer (同龄人) group.
The lack of right male (男性的) role models in many of their lives - at home and particularly in the school
environment (环境)-means that their peers are the only people they have to judge themselves against.
They don"t see men succeeding in society so it doesn"t occur to them that they could make something of
themselves. Without male teachers as a role model, the effect of peer actions and street culture (文化) is all-
powerful. Boys want to be part of a club. However, schools can provide the environment for change, and
provide the right role models for them. Teachers need to be trained to stop that but not in front of a child"s
peers. You have to do it one to one, because that is when you see the real child.
It"s pointless sending a child home if he or she has done wrong. They see it as a welcome day off to watch
television or play computer games. Instead, schools should have a special unit where a child who has done
wrong goes for the day and gets advice about his problems - somewhere he can work away from his peers
and go home after the other children. |
| 1. Why did Tom give up studying? |
A. He disliked his teachers.
B. His parents no longer supported him.
C. It"s cool for boys of his age not to care about studies.
D. There were too many subjects in his secondary school. |
| 2. What seems to have a bad effect on students like Tom? |
A. Peer groups.
B. A special unit.
C. The student judges.
D. The home environment. |
| 3. What should schools do to help the problem schoolboys? |
A. Wait for their change patiently.
B. Train leaders of their peer groups.
C. Stop the development of street culture.
D. Give them lessons in a separate area. |
| 4. A teacher"s work is most effective with a schoolboy when he _____. |
A. is with the boy alone
B. teaches the boy a lesson
C. sends the boy home as punishment
D. works together with another teacher |
最新试题
热门考点