阅读表达。     Work is a very important part of life in the United States. When the e

题型：期末题难度：来源：

阅读表达。     Work is a very important part of life in the United States. When the early Protestant immigrants (新教徒移
民) came to this country, they brought the idea that work was the way to God and heaven. This attitude, the
Protestant Work Ethic (道德规范), still influences America today. Work is not only important for economic
benefits, the salary, but also for social and psychological need the feeling of doing something for the good of
the society. Americans spend most of their lives working, being productive. For most Americans, their work
defines them: they are what they do. What happens then, when a person can no longer work? Almost all
Americans stop working at age sixty-five or seventy and retire. Because work is such an important part of life
in this culture, retirement can be very difficult. Retirees often feel that they are useless and unproductive. Of
course, _____; but leaving one"s job, whatever it is, is a difficult change, even for those who look forward to
retiring. Many retirees do not know how to use their time or they feel lost without their jobs.
     Retirements can also bring financial problems. Many people rely on Social Security checks every month.
During their working years, employees contribute a certain percentage of their salaries to the government.
Each employer also gives a certain percentage to the government. When people retire, they receive this money
as income. These checks do not provide enough money to live on, however, because prices are increasing
very rapidly. Senior citizens, those over sixty-five, have to have savings in the bank or other retirement plans
to make ends meet. The rate of inflation (通货膨胀)is forcing prices higher each year. Social Security checks
alone cannot cover these growing expenses. The government offers some assistance, medicare and welfare,
but many senior citizens have to change their life styles after retirement. They have top spend carefully to be
sure that they can afford to buy food, fuel and other necessities.
     American society is only beginning to be concerned about the special physical and emotional needs of its
senior citizens. The government is taking steps to ease the problem of limited income. They are building new
housing,offering discounts in stores and museums and on buses, and providing other services such as free
courses, food service, and help with housework. 1. What"s the general idea of this passage? (Please answer within 10 words.)
    ______________________________________________________________________________________
2. Translate the underlined sentence in the first paragraph into Chinese.
    ______________________________________________________________________________________
3. Please fill in the blank with proper words or phrases. (Please answer within lo words.)
    ______________________________________________________________________________________
4. Which sentence in the passage is the closet in meaning to the following sentence? Retirees will have many
    economic difficulties after retiring.
   ______________________________________________________________________________________
5. What other suggestions would you give to the govemment to take steps to ease the problems of limited
    income of the senior citizens? (Please answer within 30 words.) 
   ______________________________________________________________________________________

答案

1. Americans" attitudes towards work and retirement.
2. 工作的重要性不仅在于它可以带来经济效益，如工资，而且它也是社会和心理上的需要，一种为
    社会作贡献的心理。
3. some people are happy to retire/this is not always true
4. Retirements can also bring financial problems.
5. The govemment can decrease their expenses or increase their income. For example,they can encourage
    the retirees to teach young workers their rich experiences to make much money.
答案不唯一